THE CELL
BIOLOGY 11 ADVANCED
THE CELL THEORY
• All living things are composed of one or more cells.
• Cells are the basic unit of structure and function of all living things.
• Cells only arise from pre-existing cells.
Cells are divided into two groups based on their organelle characteristics.
These two groups are called Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes.
PROKARYOTES
• Do not have a true nucleus or membrane
bound organelles.
• They are the most simple types of living
cells.
• Examples of prokaryotes would be
different types of bacteria, such as E. Coli
and cyanobacteria.
• Commonly found in air, water, and soil.
http://mwsubio101.ning.com/profiles/blogs/2263214:BlogPo
st:2603
EUKARYOTES
• Eukaryotes have a true nucleus
and membrane bound organelles.
• Examples of eukaryotes would be
plants, animals, fungi and protists
(usually single celled organisms,
such as an amoeba.)
• Can be multicellular or unicellular.
http://facstaff.cbu.edu/~seisen/
EukaryoticCellStructure.htm
EUKARYOTIC VS. PROKARYOTIC
THE NUCLEUS
http://knowledgeclass.blogspot.
ca/2012/10/the-nucleus.html
THE MITOCHONDRIA
http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/mitoch
ondria/mitochondria.html
THE CHLOROPLAST
http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/chloropl
asts/chloroplasts.html
THE ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
http://cronodon.com/files
/Cell_ER_labeled.jpg
THE GOLGI APPARATUS
http://biologytb.net23.net/t
ext/chapter6/concept6.4.ht
ml
ASSIGNMENT
Watch the following video and complete the questions. This is due at the end of class.
*Note: Stop video at 5:25 and allow students to self evaluate, matching the organelle to the
correct number. Advise students that when the narrator discusses the lysosome, he uses the
word suicide, just so they are aware. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Z9pqST72is
•Name one way materials move into cells and why this is.
•List three types of microscopes used for seeing cells.
•What are chromosomes and where are they found?
•Where are ribosomes manufactured?
•What analogy was made using the cytoskeleton.
•What is apoptosis?
•What is the centriole important for?
•Why do scientists refer to cells as the basic unit of life?
•Create a Venn Diagram for eukaryotic vs. prokaryotic cells and animal vs plant cells.
•Extra resource: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hmwvj9X4GNY
ASSIGNMENT
Read the article you were given and address the following
questions on a separate sheet of paper. Due at the end of class.
 What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic cells?
 Do anaerobic organisms still exist? If no, why not? If yes, give two
examples.
 In what ways are mitochondria and chloroplasts similar to some
prokaryotic cells?
 What do cells gain from having mitochondria? What about chloroplasts?
 Why do you think Dr. Margulis met so much resistance with her
introduction of endosymbiosis?