as
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What is an analogy?
An analogy is an expression
of relationship.
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Look at the examples below:
$
rose
money
love
What are some relationships between these two things?
-represents
- stands for
- is a symbol for
- a sign of
- stands for
- is a symbol for
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-represents
- a sign of
- stands for
- stands for
- is a symbol for
- is a symbol for
What is the best common phrase?
(now called the relating factor or RF)
-is a symbol for
To write this as a sentence:
The dollar sign is a symbol for money just as as rose
is a symbol for love.
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This is how you would write the analogy using the
BRIDGE MAP.
$
money
as
rose
love
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Try this one:
a.
shoe
as
foot
RF=
hat
head
is worn on
Now write this as a sentence.
A shoe is worn on the foot as a hat is worn on the
head.
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b.
apple
as
fruit
RF=
carrot
vegetable
is a type of
Write this as a sentence.
An apple is a type of fruit as a carrot is a type of vegetable.
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c.
leg
body
as
wheel
car
RF= is a part of
Write this as a sentence
A leg is a part of a body as a wheel is a part of a car
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You will also see analogies where you have to fill in the
missing word.
d.
hot
as
cold
black
white
First ask the question what is the relating factor?
RF= is the opposite of
Then make a sentence using the relating factor.
white
Hot is the opposite of cold as black is the opposite of _____
The missing word is????
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You also need to know what all the words mean.
For example:
e.
reservoir
water
What is a reservoir?
as
money
A place where anything is
collected or stored.
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e.
reservoir
as
water
bank
money
What is the relating factor? RF = holds
Now make this into a sentence.
bank
A reservoir holds water as a ______
holds money.
Because a reservoir holds a large amount of water the best
answer for this analogy is bank, not wallet. A bank holds
a large amount of money where a wallet does not.
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f.
as
mermaid
horse
centaur
What is a mermaid? The body of a woman and tail of a fish
What is a centaur? Man’s head, trunk, and arms and a
horse’s body and legs.
Now that we know the definitions of each word, what is the
Relating factor? RF= a part of
Write the sentence:
A ______ is a part of the mermaid as a horse is a part
of a centaur.
Go on to next slide for answer
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f.
fish
as
mermaid
horse
centaur
Why isn’t the answer woman?
Since the word horse is used with centaur, your answer for
mermaid must be similar. The answer for mermaid is fish.
If the analogy were man and centaur then your answer
would be woman.
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There are many kinds of analogies. These are the ones
you will see most often.
Antonyms or opposite
g.
in
out
as
RF=
up
down
is the antonym for
Sentence: In is the antonym for out as up is the antonym
for down.
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Object and its use
h.
shovel
dig
RF=
as
scissors
cut
is the object and its use is to
Sentence: A shovel is the object and its use is to dig as
scissors is the object and its use is to cut.
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Place and resident
i.
hive
bee
RF=
Sentence:
as
pond
frog
is the place and the resident is the
A hive is the place and the resident is the
bee as a pond is the place and the resident
is the frog.
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Synonyms
j.
thin
as
slim
RF=
Sentence:
frightening
scary
is the synonym for
Thin is the synonym for slim as frightening
is the synonym for scary
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Part and whole
k.
leaf
tree
as
star
constellation
RF= is part of the whole
Sentence:
A leaf is part of tree as a star is part
of constellation.
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