The Federalist Era, 1789-1801
Under the new constitutional
government, the Federalists
dominated domestic and foreign
policy until the election of 1800
•Domestic Policy
•Foreign Policy
•Election of 1800
I. Domestic Issues
A.
Washington Administration, 1789-1796
1.
Challenges in American society in 1790
a. Population, finances, and politics
2.
New government!
a.
b.
c.
3.
Hamilton’s Plan
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
4.
President WA and Cabinet
Bill of Rights, 1791
Judiciary Act, 1789 and “writ of mandamus”
Funding at Par
Assumption state debts and Federal district
Tariff (Revenue Act of 1789)
Excise taxes (“an Inland tax)
National Bank
States’ righters and 10th Amendment
Hamilton’s Implied Powers from the “elastic or necessary
and proper clause”
Whiskey Rebellion, 1794
Memory Aid
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B ank of U.S.
E xcise tax
F unding at par
A ssume state debts
T arrifs
I. Domestic Issues (cont.)
B. Election of 1796
1.
WA Farewell Address
a.
Warnings
2. Adams Administration
1.
2.
TJ VP (“He is distrustful,
obstinate, excessively
vain, and takes no counsel
from anyone.” TJ)
WA’s Cabinet
II. Foreign Policy
A.
French Revolution
1.
Washington’s Neutrality
Proclamation, 1793
a. Citizen Genet
B.
Jay Treaty, 1794
1.
2.
C.
Pinckney Treaty, 1795
1.
D.
Harassment American frontier
and impressment
War averted but creation of D-R
Party
Right of deposit
Defeat of American Indians in
Old Northwest
1.
2.
Battle of Fallen Timbers, 1794
Treaty of Greenville, 1795
II. Foreign Policy (cont.)
D.
“Quasi-War”, 1798-1800
1.
French condemned Jay Treaty
a.
b.
2.
Undeclared Naval Warfare
a.
b.
3.
Military build-up
Suspension of trade
Alien and Sedition Acts, 1798
a.
b.
4.
300 warships
XYZ Affair, 1797
VA and KY Resolutions
State right of “nullification”
Convention of 1800
a. End Franco-American alliance
III. Election of 1800
Federalists
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Rule by “best people” (“those who
own the country ought to govern it”)
Distrusted democracy
Pro British
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Strong standing army and navy
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Hamilton’s Plan
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BE FAT
Loose Constructionists
Support business but don’t interfere
Strong Centralists
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Judiciary Act, 1789
Support in S, SE, and W agrarian support in
hinterland (“Those who labor in the earth
are the chosen people of God”)
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Strict Constructionists
Strong State Rightists
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Minimal army and navy
State and local spending
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Government for the people though!
Pro French
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Subordinate the state power
Alien and Sedition Acts
Strong Judicial Branch
–
Jeffersonian-Democrats
Central government at a minimum
VY & KY Resolutions
Weak Judicial Branch
–
Strong state Judicial branches
Chapter 10 Vocabulary
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John Adams
Thomas Jefferson
Alexander Hamilton
Henry Knox
John Jay
Citizen Genet
Anthony Wayne
Talleyrand
Matthew Lyon
James Madison
Funding at par
Strict construction
Assumption
Implied powers
Protective tariff
Agrarian
Excise tax
Compact theory
Nullification
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Impressment
Cabinet
Bank of US
Bill of Rights
French Revolution
Jay’s Treaty
Convention of 1800
Neutrality Proclamation of 1793
Whiskey Rebellion
Ninth Amendment
Federalists
Tenth Amendment
Pinckney Treaty
Alien and Sedition Acts
Battle of Fallen Timbers
Farewell Address
VA and KY Resolutions
Democratic-Republicans
Judiciary Act 1789
XYZ Affair
Treaty of Greenville
Matching
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Neutrality Proclamation of 1793
Alexander Hamilton
Thomas Jefferson
James Madison
Supreme Court
Funding and assumption
Bank of the United States
Whiskey Rebellion
Federalists
Republicans
A. Sec of State who opposed Hamilton
B. Body organized by the Judiciary Act of
1789.
C. Brilliant administrator
D. Body believed in the common people,
no aid for businesses and pro-French
E. President Washington’s statement of
basic principles of American foreign
policy.
F. Body believed in a strong government
run by wealthy.
G. Skillful politician-scholar who drafted
the Bill of Rights.
H. Hamilton’s aggressive financial policies
of paying off all federal bonds and
taking on all state debts.
I. Institution bitterly opposed by states’
rights advocates.
J. A protest by poor western farmers.
Answers
1-E
2-C
3-A
4-G
5-B
6-H
7-I
8-J
9-F
10-D