AP United States History
Mr. M. Pecot
Bailey, Chapter 10: “Launching the New Ship of State, 1789-1800”
America in 1789 -- A New Ship on an Uncertain Sea
a) demographics: the census of 1790
b) western expansion underway
c) potential troubles:
western states
finances
government-building
Washington’s Profederalist Regime
a) George Washington as president
GW’s characteristics
inauguration, April 1789
first cabinet: TJ (Sec State); AH (Sec Treas); Henry Knox (Sec War)
Achievements of the 1st Congress : The Bill of Rights & the Judiciary Act
a) Drafting the Bill of Rights
The amending process
James Madison’s approach
th
b) The 9 and 10th Amendments
protections
significance
c) Judiciary Act of 1789
John Jay
Hamilton’s Financial Policies
a) Alexander Hamilton at the helm
b) The Hamiltonian Vision & Objectives– Trickle-Down Economics
general philosophy
bolstering national credit
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Funding at Par
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assumption of state debts
•
arguments for “assumption”
•
compromise with Va.
national debt as a “national blessing”
c) Customs Duties & Excise Taxes
Tariffs
excise taxes
•
whiskey
d) The creation of a National Bank
Goals and structure of the proposed B.U.S.
Constitutional debate over the BUS
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Jefferson’s critique - “strict constructionism”
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Hamilton’s response – “loose interpretation”
the “elastic clause” (Art. I, Sec VIII, paragraph 18)
Creation of the BUS
Early Troubles: The Whiskey Rebellion & Political Parties
a) The Whiskey Rebellion
Causes of the rebellion
Response of the Washington administration
Significance of the WR
b)
Political Parties form
response to growing power of federal government and Hamilton’s policies
Federalists and Jeffersonian-Republicans
The French Revolution
a) The anatomy of the French Rev
early stages and the American response
1793: Reign of Terror begins
Federalist v. Republican reaction in America
Washington’s Neutrality Proclamation
a) Terms of the 1778 Franco-American alliance
b) Reasons for American neutrality
c) Washington’s Neutrality Proclamation
provisions and reaction from Feds and Reps
sets precedent for isolationism
d) (Citizen) Edmund Genêt challenges American neutrality
Document:
Amendments I-X of the
Constitution (see appendix of
Bailey)
Conflicts with Britain Threaten Neutrality
a) British “outrages”
frontier posts
fur trade
Indian alliances
•
Mad Anthony Wayne & the Treaty of Greenville 1795
attacks and impressment in the West Indies
b) Jay’s Treaty 1794
provisions of the treaty
Republican response
sectional tensions between North/South
c) Pickney’s Treaty (1795) w/ Spain
Washington’s Farewell
a) Two-term precedent set
b) Farewell address to Congress: “avoid entangling alliances”
c) Washington’s contributions
Document Analysis:
Washington’s Farewell Address
(handout)
The Presidency of John Adams
a) The Presidential campaign of 1796
the candidates
election results and the two-party controversy
b) John Adams as president
character and traits
problems facing the Adams administration
Undeclared War with France
a) France’s reaction to Jay’s Treaty
b) The XYZ Affair
c) Naval war with France, 1798-1800
creation of the Dept. of the Navy
hostilities on the high seas
d) Appointment of Thomas Jefferson as minister to France 1799
e) Convention of 1800
The Federalist Witch Hunt & the Republican Response
a) Anti-Jeffersonian legislation passed by Federalists in 1798
Alien Act – anti-immigration act
Sedition Act
•
convictions – Matthew Lyon; James Callender
b) Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions
Jeffersonian fear of the Alien and Sedition Laws
Ky. Resolutions (TJ); Va. Resolutions (JM) – 1798
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the “compact theory” of federalism
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nullification
Federalist counter-argument – Constitution was a compact of the people, not the states
Federalists v. Democratic-Republicans
a) Federalists v. Democratic-Republicans
general philosophy regarding the federal goverment
characteristics of groups belonging to each party
•
locations, occupations, social status
differences in economic policies
foreign policy positions