Pages 13-14
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More than one way
Important for the development of the essay
Depends on author’s purpose and intended
effect
Beginning, middle, end
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May be more than one paragraph
Draws the readers in by challenging them, by
piquing their interest, getting their attention
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Factual info.
Background info.
Level of detail is determined by what
audience already knows
Appeal is logos, which helps to establish the
author’s ethos
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Specific details
Development of proof
Strongest appeal is logos
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Counterargument given
Serves as a bridge between the proof and the
conclusion
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Can be more than one paragraph
Brings essay to a close
Usually appeals to pathos
Also reminds reader of author’s ethos
Answers the question, so what?
Last words = most likely words to be
remembered
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Pages 14-15
Note how each section exemplifies the notes
you just wrote!
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Narration
Description
Process Analysis
Exemplification
Comparison and Contrast
Classification and Division
Definition
Cause and Effect
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Chronological
Concrete detail
Point of view
Often dialogue
Crafts a story that supports the thesis
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Five senses
Vivid picture
Often establishes a mood
Establishes empathy for:
◦ author
◦ author’s subject, or
◦ author’s argument
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Explains:
◦ How something works
◦ How to do something, or
◦ How something was done
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Clarity and Logic Required
Transitions that mark sequence of steps,
stage, or phases of process