Bell Ringer
What event would lead to
a rebirth in science,
learning, & the arts in
Europe? What is that
rebirth called?
Causes of Exploration
• Traders want faster TRADE routes to
ASIA
• Explorers search for adventure, glory
and riches
• Spanish desires to spread Christianity
• Increase in knowledge and education
sparks curiosity about the rest of the
world, especially Asia.
Effects of Exploration
• The search for the fabled Northwest
Passage will lead to European control of
all of North America
• European settlements are founded
• Trade and mercantilism grows
• European nations compete for colonies
• Conflicts with Native Americans develop
• Slavery is introduced to the Americas
• Three Cultures Clash--- NA/African /European
Quick Review
What do you know
about Christopher
Columbus? List
anything…and
everything you know!
Bell Ringer
Do you believe we should have a
national holiday to celebrate
Columbus? Why or why not?
Columbus’ Four Voyages
European
Colonization
European Colonization
• Once the New World is discovered, the Big 4 four (plus
one) European countries begin competing for control of
North America and the world….
– Spain
– England
– France
– Portugal
+ the weaker Netherlands
• This power struggle ultimately leads to several wars.
SPAIN’s Cycle of Conquest &
Colonization
Explorers
European
Colonial
Empire
Permanent
Settlers
Europe Competes for Colonies
***The Columbian Exchange set the tone for what the
Americas had to offer the old world in Europe.
1- The Spanish were creating a great empire in America that
was 10 times larger than Spain and rich in Gold and Silver.
2- Other European nations joined the quest to compete for
control and wealth in the Americas, through exploration and
colonization.
3- Through this competition, European nations became the
controlling powers over the land in N. and S. America, which
once belonged to thriving culture of NA people.
Religious Divisions Emerge in Europe
1- In 1517, the Protestant Reformation spread across Europe and was the start of an
era that would forever affect history in the world.
2- Martin Luther, a German Monk, questioned the authority of the Pope and the
Catholic Church. His followers were known as Protestants because they protested the
corruption and materialism of the church.
3- Protestants believed in the individual’s right to seek God through direct teachings
from the Bible and the ministers that preached evangelical sermons. Without a
unifying Pope, the protestants formed into many different denominations.
4- These religious rivalries would grow and help shape the development of the
colonies in America.
explorers
New Spain and France
• In your group you will be writing down on
one piece of paper all of the facts you can
find about New Spain and New France
• Venn Diagram
Development of New Spain (since 1492)
1- The Spanish treated the NA poorly and were about conquering and enslaving
them for their own gain.
2- Spain wanted to change their policy and sent priests and missionaries to the
colonies to establish order, maintain a peaceful control, and convert the NA to the
Catholic Church.
3- Inspired by Cortés’s success in taking over Mexico, de Soto and Coronado led their
own expeditions to the north looking for gold. This enabled Spain to lay claim to the
southern portion of N. America.
4- Florida was settled as a defensive zone from rival nations , to keep them away
from the precious mines and towns of Mexico.
5- Eventually many of the Spanish colonizers realized how remote and isolated most
of the New World was and thus chose not to come. The religious missionaries, or
friars, were the most successful colonizing force for Spain.
Development of New France (early 1500’s)
1- The French witnessed the success of the Spanish and sought to
make their own claim in America, mainly in the north.
2- Explorers sailing for France weren’t as interested in setting up
colonies, as they were in finding the Northwest Passage… an all water
route through N. America to ASIA.
3- The fur trade with the NA became big business for the French and
the NA. The goods provided in trade for the furs, made the NA groups
more powerful than their enemies, thus it became important for them
to make good relations with the French.
4- Unlike the Spanish in the south, the French needed the NA people
to work with them and provide the valuable furs, so they never
enslaved them or took their land.
Development of New France (early 1500’s)
5- One tribe, the Iroquois, did however hate the French and would
spend many years raiding their forts and fighting the influx of French
trappers and their NA allies.
6- The French founded small settlements along the St. Lawrence River
and fortified forts as trading posts for the fur trade. Quebec became
the first French settlement in Canada.
7- New France’s dense forests, long winters, and Iroquois raids
discouraged immigrants from settling there. As a result, New France
was very slow to develop.
8- With the discovery of the Mississippi River by de LaSalle, the French
were able to lay claim to the Louisiana Territory and thus set up New
Orleans as a way to keep out the English settlers and have a great
seaport for which to ship goods back to France.
New France
Explain the differences in
how the French treated
the NA as opposed to
how the Spanish treated
them?
Exit Ticket