Water is made of H2O
molecules. What do the
molecules look like in each
state of matter?
Making a foldable for
STATES OF MATTER
1. Fold the paper hot dog style along the dashed line
2. Cut the top flaps along the solid lines to make three flaps
Flap 1- ?
Solid
These particles represent Atoms
(if the solid is an element) or
Molecules (if the solid is a
compound)
Flap #1- Speed of particles: solid
How are the
particles moving?
Tightly packed
particles DO NOT
move past each
other. They
vibrate in place.
© 2013 S. Coates
The only time
particles of matter do
NOT move, is when
the temperature is
absolute zero (-459 F)
Shape: solid
Take the wooden block- place it in the beaker
Now place it in the petri dish
Can you fit it in the test tube? (Don’t try, just
think about it)
What do you notice about the shape of a
solid-does it change?
Solids have a DEFINITE SHAPE
Volume: solid
Take the wooden block and place it in the beaker
Now place it in the petri dish
Could you get it into the test tube? (Don’t try, just
think about it)
Does the block take up more or less space
depending on its container? Has its volume
changed?
Solids have DEFINITE VOLUME
Examples: Solids
Wooden block
Marble
Add two more examples of solids on your
own
Flap 2- ?
Liquid
Flap #2- Speed of particles: liquid
How are the
particles
moving in a
liquid?
Tightly
packed
particles
SLIDE past
each other.
© 2013 S. Coates
Shape: liquid
Measure 20 mL of water into the graduated cylinder
Pour it into the beaker.
Use the funnel to pour it into the test tube
What do you notice about the shape of a liquid-does
it change in each container?
Liquids have NO DEFINITE SHAPE
(they take the shape of the
container)
Volume: liquid
Carefully pour the water from the test tube back
into the graduated cylinder
How much water is in there?
Have you added/subtracted any liquid to the
water? Has its volume changed?
Liquids have DEFINITE VOLUME
Examples: liquids
Water
Juice
Add two more examples of liquids on your
own
Flap 3 - ?
Gas
Flap #3- Speed of particles: gas
How are the
particles moving
in a gas?
Particles are not
tightly packed
together, and
have so much
energy they slip
past each other
quickly.
© 2013 S. Coates
Shape: Gas
• Observe the following: Does the gas have the same
shape in each container?
• Gases have NO DEFINITE SHAPE (They
take the shape of the container)
Volume: Gas
• Observe the following:
Does the gas fill the
container?
• What if I change the size of
the container? Does the
gas take up a different
amount of space?
• Gases have NO DEFINITE VOLUME
(They can expand or compress to fill
the container)
Think about spraying air freshener or body
spray, this fragrant gas will expand to fill a room
because gas has no definite volume!
Think about passing gas, this smelly gas will expand to
fill a room because gas has no definite volume!
Examples: gas
Air
Smoke
Add two more examples of gases on your
own
4th Phase of Matter: Plasma
Particles are moving so quickly it is
hard to see what they are actually
doing.
© 2013 S. Coates
Examples of Plasma on Earth
© 2013 S. Coates
Phases of Matter
 Let’s summarize:
Phase
Motion of Particles
Speed of
Particles
Solid
Particles vibrate in place
Slow
Liquid
Particles are close, but can
slide past one another
Medium
Gas
Particles are constantly moving
everywhere
Fast
Plasma
Unknown
Faster than we
can see
© 2013 S. Coates
Physical Properties of Three States of Matter
Phase
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma
© 2013 S. Coates
Definite
Shape?
Definite
Volume?
YES
YES
NO
YES
NO
NO
Copper Phases - Solid
Copper Phases - Liquid
Copper Phases – Vapor (gas)
What do we call it when matter
changes from one state to the next?
VAPORIZE/EVAPORATE
MELT
FREEZE
CONDENSE
SUBLIMATION
1. A Review of the States of Matter
What phase of matter has the particles
with the least amount of motion?
Solid
2. A Review of the States of Matter
What temperature do particles show NO
motion?
Absolute zero
3. A Review of the States of Matter
What type of motion do particles have in
a gas state?
Very far apart and they move very
quickly.
4. A Review of the States of Matter
What properties do liquids and solids have
in common?
Definite volume
5. A Review of the States of Matter
What properties do liquids and gases
have in common?
Both take on the shape of the container
they are in.
6. A Review of the States of Matter
Infer: A scientist places 25 mL of a yellow
substance into a 50 mL container. The
substance quickly fills the entire container.
Is it a solid, liquid, or gas and why?
Gas- takes the shape and volume of the
container.
7. A Review of the States of Matter
Why can I smell cookies baking in the
kitchen when I am on the other side of the
house?
Gases have no definite volume and will fill
the container they are in.
8. A Review of the States of Matter
What is the fourth state of matter?
Plasma
9. A Review of the States of Matter
Which description best describes a solid?
a. It has a definite shape and volume
b. It has a definite shape but not definite
volume
c. It adjusts to the shape of its container
d. It can flow
A
10. A Review of the States of Matter
In which state of matter do particles stay
close together, yet are able to slip past
one another?
liquid
So HOW does matter change its state?