Warm-up #1
• What is a salon?
• Look at the picture on page 398 of History
Alive, what do you think is going on in this
picture? Use as much detail as possible.
Great Enlightenment Thinkers:
Partner read sections 35.3 -35.7
Use the information to fill in this chart.
Thinker
Hobbes
Locke
Montesquieu
Voltaire
Beccaria
Famous for…
Other Key
Concepts
Famous works
No Homework
• Yay!!!
Do Now
• Continue to work on your Enlightenment
Thinkers Chart…
Great Enlightenment Thinkers:
Partner read sections 35.3 -35.7
Use the information to fill in this chart.
Thinker
Famous for…
Hobbes Absolute rule
by Kings –
human nature
is bad so kings
with lots of
power are
needed to
control them.
Other Key Concepts Famous works
Humans are
selfish.
Gov’t must
control the ppl
W/o gov’t life
would be “nasty,
brutish, and
short.”
Leviathan
Great Enlightenment Thinkers:
Partner read sections 35.3 -35.7
Use the information to fill in this chart.
Thinker
Famous for…
Other Key Concepts
Locke
Natural rights – all
people are born
with rights that
cannot be denied:
life, liberty, and
property.
• Constitutional
Monarchy – king
has to follow the
Constitution.
• Social Contract –
ppl give govt power
with understanding
that it will protect
their rights.
• Supported Bills of
Rights
Famous works
Two Treatises of
Government
Great Enlightenment Thinkers:
Partner read sections 35.3 -35.7
Use the information to fill in this chart.
Thinker
Famous for…
Other Key
Concepts
Famous works
Montesquieu
Separation of
Powers – divide
government’s
power equally
among three
separate
branches of
government
(executive,
judicial,
legislative)
Each branch of
government
has limited
power that is
limited by the
other two
branches.
Persian Letters,
The Spirit of
Laws
Great Enlightenment Thinkers:
Thinker
Famous for…
Voltaire
• Religious
Natural religion – all
tolerance (allow
religions have some
people to practice truth
religious in their
own ways)
• free speech
Beccaria Rights of the
Accused – ppl
accused of crimes
should have rights
too (fair trail, no
cruel and unusual
punishment…)
Other Key Concepts
Famous
works
Candide
• Fair speedy trial
On Crimes
• No torture
and
• Equal punishments Punishments
that fit the crime.
• No capital
punishment (death
penalty)
Enlightenment Salon Activity
• “Visit” each of the five Enlightenment thinkers.
• Use your knowledge and your Enlightenment
Thinkers Chart to help you answer the
questions they “ask” you.
• Record your answers in detailed, specific, and
complete sentences on your Enlightenment
Thinkers Reading Notes 35 worksheet.
Salon Questions:
• Cesare Beccaria • “As a lawyer, I observe many practices in the justice
system that seem terribly harsh and unfair. What
are some of those practices?
• In my book On Crimes and Punishments, I share my
ideas on how criminals should be treated. What are
some of the main ideas in that book?”
Salon Questions:
• Voltaire
• “There is a right I believe in so strongly that I will
defend it to the death. What is that right?
• I am well know for criticizing intolerance wherever I
see. What happened to me because of my
outspoken criticism of authorities?”
Salon Questions:
• Montesquieu
• “In my book The Spirit of Laws, I describe how I
think governments should be organized. What do I
call my idea, and how does it work?
• What am I afraid might happen if a government
doesn’t use this idea?
Salon Questions:
• Locke –
• “What do I think government the purpose of
government is? What rights do I think government
should respect?
• In my famous book, Two Treatises of Government, I
argue that government should exist only with the
consent or approval of whom? What did I say
should happen if the government does not do its
job?”
Salon Questions:
• Hobbes –
• “I am sure you are familiar with my famous book
Leviathan. In my book, I describe my beliefs about
what human beings are really like. What are some
of the words I would use to describe what people
are really like?
• Because of my view of what people are really like, I
have strong opinions about government. Why do I
think governments were created? What kind of
government would be best, and why?
Homework
• Chapter 17.2 Assessment (Holt Blue Book)
• #s 1a, 2a, 2b, 2c, and 3b.