Pie Graph on Senses and Perception,
Barriers to Communication,
Instructional Media in the Classroom
Pie Graph on Senses and
Perception
1.5%
3.5%
1.5%
Sight
Sound
Smell
11%
Touch
Taste
83%
Retention Rate Levels
• Learning is an active process. Retention level
practically increases as students are actively
involve in various learning activities.
• Researchers found out that the most effective
approaches – resulting in 75% and 90%
retention rates, respectively – are learning by
doing and learning by teaching others
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Reading
10%
Hearing
20%
Seeing
30%
Hearing
and
Seeing
50%
Saying
70%
Hearing
Saying
Doing
90%
What I hear, I forget.
What I see, I remember.
What I do, I understand
Barriers to Communication
1. Physical Barriers
– time
– Environment
2. Perceptual
- viewing what is said from your own mindset
3. Cultural
– different model/image of the world
and its relations
– different values and their hierarchy
– different social norms, rules and rituals
formal and informal that affect
behavior and regulate an entire system
of interaction
4. Linguistic
- don't speak the same language, speaks
on different level or use different vocabulary,
which means that symbols (words) used to
pass information and their arrangement may
have no meaning or different meaning
5. Social
- represent different social groups which
may differ their:
- general behavior as effect of different
social norms, rules and customs,
standards, beliefs and priorities
- background and education
- use of language and level of its
knowledge
6. Individual / Personal
- physical and mental abilities
- preferences
- values and their hierarchy
- different model/image of the world
- general behavior and emotional states
- background and education
- different use of language and the level of
its knowledge
- different communication skills, which can be
divided as follows:
Knowledge of:
»interlocutor
»purpose
»topic
abilities to:
– anticipate objections
– achieve credibility
– give full attention, give and get feedback
– follow through what was said
– communicate a little at a time
– use multiple communication techniques
– present information in several ways
– detect emotional states
– understand possible differences in perception
- abilities to avoid:
muddled messages
stereotyping
wrong sub-channel
wrong language
- other attitudes:
making eye-contact
giving prompts, i.e. nodding, smiling, etc.
7. Gender Barriers
- differences between the speech
patterns of males and females
female
male
– speaks between
22,000 & 25,000 words/day
– speaks between
7,000 & 10,000 words/day
• References:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Corpus, Brenda B. and Salandanan, Gloria G. (2007) Principles of Teaching
1. Quezon City: Lorimar Publishing, Inc.
Garo, Candelaria D. (2004) Educational Technology . Mandaluyong City
National Book Store.
Lucido, Paz I. and Borabo (1997) Educational Technology. Quezon City:
Katha Publishing Co., Inc.
Newby, Timothy J, Stepich, Donald A., Lehman, James D. and Russell
James D. (2000) Instructional Technology for Teaching and Learning.
New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc.