Year 11 GCSE PE
THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
OBJECTIVES
• TO KNOW THE JOURNEY OF BLOOD THROUGH
THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
• TO UNDERSTAND HOW THE HEART WORKS
• TO BE ABLE TO LABEL A DIAGRAM OF THE
HEART
QUICK QUIZ
1. NAME THE AGONIST AT THE ELBOW WHEN
THROWING A JAVELIN
2. WHAT IS A SYNERGIST?
3. WHAT TYPE OF MUSCLE ACTION IS THE
DOWN PHASE OF A PRESS UP?
4. NAME THE AGONIST AT THE SHOULDER FOR
THIS MOVEMENT
ANSWERS
1. TRICEPS
2. A MUSCLE THAT ASSISTS THE AGONIST BY
SUPPORTING THE BODY OR JOINT DURING
MOVEMENT
3. ISOTONIC ECCENTRIC
4. PECTORALS
What is made up of
the Cardiovascular
system
What is the CARDIOVASCULAR system?
 The HEART, LUNGS , BLOOD and BLOOD VESSELS
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 BLOOD is pumped around the body by the
HEART through the BLOOD VESSELS
 BLOOD performs two main functions as it travels around the body:
– 1. supply the body with oxygen and nutrients
– 2. to remove waste products such as carbon dioxide
Why is the CV system important
Why is the CV system important?
 The HEART is the most important muscle in the body
 A strong CV system often means that you have good
cardiovascular fitness
 This means that you have the ability to exercise the
whole body for long periods of time
 CV fitness is important for everyone, not just sports
people!
Sport and the CV system
• IN SPORT, THE CV SYSTEM DELIVERS OXYGEN
TO OUR WORKING MUSCLES and organs
 Blood vessels that run
throughout the body allow the
blood to travel everywhere
 Let’s look closer at the path of
the blood...
The circulatory system
Deoxygenated
blood is pumped
from the heart to
the lungs
through the
pulmonary
artery.
Deoxygenated
blood returns to
the heart
through the vena
cava.
lungs
Oxygenated
blood returns
to the heart
through the
pulmonary
vein.
Oxygenated blood
is pumped at high
pressure from the
heart to the body
through the aorta.
body’s
cells
The double circulatory system
The pulmonary circulation carries:
lungs
deoxygenated blood from the heart to the
lungs
oxygenated blood back from the lungs to
the heart, ready to be pumped out to the
body.
The systemic circulation carries:
oxygenated blood to the rest of the body
through the arteries
deoxygenated blood back to the heart
through the veins.
body’s
cells
THE HEART
TASK 1
• YOU HAVE 5 MINUTES TO LABEL YOUR HEART
DIAGRAM
BILLY THE BLOOD CELL
• BILLY HAS NO OXYGEN TO GIVE
• HE IS IN THE VENA CAVA
• HE NEEDS TO COLLECT OXYGEN TO GIVE IT AWAY TO
MARTY THE MUSCLE, SO HE MAKES HIS WAY INTO THE
RIGHT ATRIUM
• HE THEN PASSES DOWN INTO THE RIGHT VENTRICLE
• HE NOW GETS PUMPED THROUGH THE PULMONARY
ARTERY TO THE LUNGS TO PICK UP OXYGEN
• NOW HE HAS OXYGEN HE GOES BACK TO THE HEART
VIA THE PULMONARY VEIN
• BILLY NOW RETURNS TO THE HEART INTO THE
LEFT ATRIUM
• HE PASSES DOWN INTO THE BIGGEST
CHAMBER, THE LEFT VENTRICLE
• FROM HERE BILLY CAN NOW BE SENT ON HIS
WAY TO MARTY
• HE IS PUMPED THROUGH THE AORTA TO THE
WORKING MUSCLES
TASK 2
• COPY THE SIMPLIFIED DIAGRAM
DEFINITIONS
• HEART RATE (HR): THE NUMBER OF TIMES THE
HEART CONTRACTS IN 1 MINUTE
• STROKE VOLUME (SV): THE AMOUNT OF BLOOD
EJECTED FROM THE HEART IN ONE BEAT
• CARDIAC OUTPUT (Q): THE AMOUNT OF BLOOD
EJECTED FROM THE HEART IN 1 MINUTE
• Q = HR X SV
• EG. HR = 72BPM, SV = 70ML
• Q = 72 X 70 = 5040ML
• = 5 LITRES
TASK 3
• WORK THROUGH THE FOLLOWING EXAMPLES:
• HR = 110, SV = 80ML, WHAT IS Q?
• HR = 85, Q = 5250ML, WHAT IS SV?
• SV = 75, Q = 6000ML, WHAT IS HR?
ANSWERS
• 110 X 80 = 8800ML = 8.8L
• 5250 / 85 = 62ML
• 6000 / 75 = 80BPM
HOMEWORK
On wikispaces please
complete by next
Monday without fail
Diagram: HANDOUT
 Colour in and label the diagram of the cardiovascular
system
 Label the following;
The heart
The lungs
The body
Colour the corrects sides;
De-oxygenated blood = blue
Oxygenated blood = Red
Correct order...
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The blood passes into the left atrium
The blood re-enters the heart via the pulmonary vein
The blood passes through the bicuspid valve and into the left ventricle
The blood is pumped through the semi-lunar valve
The blood leaves the heart via the aorta
The blood travels to the lungs where it fills with oxygen and loses its
carbon dioxide
The blood passes out of the heart via the pulmonary artery
The blood is pumped through the semi-lunar valve
The blood passes through the tricuspid valve and into the right ventricle
The blood passes into the right atrium
The blood enters the heart from the body via the vena cava
The blood travels around the body, depositing oxygen and collecting
carbon dioxide
 Stand up behind your desk
 Complete the following workout;
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March on the spot for 30 secs
Jump up and down 10 times
Jog on the spot for 30 seconds
Crouch down and stand up 5 times
Run on the spot for 30 seconds
 What happens to your body?