Map Components
• Compass Rose – Shows True North.
Can be very ornate sometime
appearing as a rose. Other
compass roses can be as simple as
an arrow with the letter “N” for
North
N
WHERE ARE THE
COMPASS ROSES?
IS THIS MAP WRONG?
Why do most maps have
Africa centered?
• The Prime Meridian is
actually centered on
Greenwich, England
• Scientist from an
English observatory
first conceptualized
the grid system
• Legends / Keys – are symbols used to explain
the multiple features of a map.
Scale – Converts comparative distance
from actual measurement to one
corresponding the much smaller map.
Scales will often show distance converting
miles and kilometers (KM).
Latitude – (Also called PARALLELS) are imaginary
lines on a map going east and west. These lines are
used for measuring distances NORTH and SOUTH of
the EQUATOR. These lines measure 90 degrees
north and south of the equator (there are 180
degrees total).
High Latitudes
Arctic Circle 66 1/2°N
Mid Latitudes
Tropic of Cancer 23 1/2°N
Low Latitudes
Equator 0 degrees
Tropic of Capricorn 23 1/2°S
Mid Latitudes
High Latitudes
Antarctic Circle 66 1/2°S
Latitudes
90 °
High Latitudes
60 °
Not about top and
bottom, it’s about
the number of the
latitude degree
Mid Latitudes
30 °
If it is a large number
of degree (60-90) it
will be high latitudes.
Low
Latitudes
AKA Tropics
If it is a small degree
(0-30 it will be low
latitudes.
30 °
Mid Latitudes
60 °
High Latitudes
90 °
Longitude – (Also called Meridians) are imaginary
lines on a map passing through the north and south poles.
These lines are used for measuring distances EAST and
WEST of the PRIME MERIDIAN. These lines measure 180
degrees west and east of the Primer Meridian (there are
360 degrees total).
Hemisphere – divides the Earth into two
halves. The Prime Meridian divides the Earth into a
Eastern and Western hemisphere and the Equator
divides the Earth into a Northern and Southern
hemisphere.
Grid System – series of intersecting lines of Latitude and
Longitude on a map used for plotting Absolute Location.
Two ways to get Absolute Location
1. Potting Latitude and Longitude
2. Address
Location – Where something is
• Relative Location – Where is something in
relationship to something else.
– Example: My window is across the street from Subway.
• Can you find that on a map?
• Absolute Location – There is no question about
where it is. It can be “pen pointed.”
– Example
• Address
• Plotting Latitude and Longitude.
0
LOSERS
10 20 30
40
50
40 30 20 10
0
EAGLES
SOUTH
50
40 30 20
10
0
10 20 30 40
50
NORTH
LOSERS
EAGLES
10
20
30
40
10
20
30
40
50
EAST
WEST
10
20
30
40
50
40
30
20
10
0
50
GRID
SYSTEM
NORTH
20
10
0
10
20
0
A
S
20
20 10
10
T
E
0
S
10
E
10
20
20
W
20
10
0
10
SOUTH
20
T
GRID
SYSTEM
20
10
0
10
20
20
20
0
0
10
10
20
20 10
10
20
10
0
10
20
A – 60 degrees North, 90 degrees West
B – 0 degrees, 150 degrees West
C – 30 degrees South, 60 West
D – 60 degrees South, 60 degrees East
E – 30 degrees North, 150 degrees East
F – 50 degrees North, 70 degrees East
You will have a freehand World Map Quiz
(spelling will count) on the date listed on the
board. The following will be required:
• Grid system
– Label degrees of Latitude in
increments of 30
– Label degrees of Longitude
increments of 60.
• Continents (label all 7 )
• Oceans (label all four)
• Compass rose
• Legend / Key (continent, grid)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Equator
Prime Meridian
International Dateline
Tropic of Cancer 23 1/2°N
Tropic of Capricorn23 1/2°S
Arctic Circle 66 1/2°N
Antarctic Circle 66 1/2° S
Scale (10° Longitude =
70miles)