分詞構句
莊壹婷、葉玟怡、邊以瑄
分詞是什麼?
分詞是用來描述動作的
1.做修飾語,做形容詞修飾名詞
ex:He bought a broken cup.
2.和名詞、形容詞、副詞搭配成複合形容詞
ex:名詞man-made
形容詞+V-ing
副詞best-decorated/
good-looking
3.做補語
ex:He came into the room laughing.
分詞的種類
現在分詞(V-ing)
過去分詞(p.p)
表『主動、進行』
表『被動、完成』
(一)
1. 名詞和分詞是主動關係,分詞使用V-ing
ex:a sleeping baby = a baby who is sleeping
2. 名詞和分詞是被動關係,分詞使用p.p
ex:a used car = a car which is used
(二)
1. V-ing:表示被修飾的名詞還在做動作(進行式)
ex:a developing country = a country that is
developing
2. p.p:表示被修飾的名詞已經做完動作(完成式)
ex:a developed country = a country that has been
developed
(三)
表情感或情緒的動詞:
1現在分詞表示「令他人...的」
ex:English is interesting to me.
The news is shocking.
2過去分詞表示「他人感到...的」
ex: I am interested in English.
He is shocked.
S1+V+…(,)and(S1)+V...
→S1+V..., V-ing...
對等子句的前後主詞相同時→消滅主詞
1.先將引導子句的連接詞去掉
2.副詞子句或對等子句的主詞與主要子句的
主詞相同時刪除主詞
3.任何動詞均改為分詞
4.其餘部分照抄
Ex：
1.She ran home and cried all the way.
=She ran home, crying all the way.
2. She was caught by the police because she
killed herself .
= Because she killed herself, she was caught
by the police.
= (Because) killing herself, she was caught….
* because, so  改成because的句子，再改
* although, but 改成although的句子，再改
S1+V…, S2+V-ing
P.161
此句型為獨立分詞構句的句型:
1.含連接詞的句子與主要子句的主詞不同，
簡化為分詞構句時不能刪主詞只能刪連接
詞，再把動詞改為分詞
2.若原來的句子是主動的句子時要改為現在
分詞；若是被動的句子時要改為過去分詞
主詞相同:
ex: If I am invited, I will attend the part with Bill.
→ If invited, I will attend the part with Bill.
主詞不同:
ex: If the weather permits, we’ll go picnicking.
→ The weather permitting, we’ll go picnicking.
*分詞為being和having been時,可省略
*如遇到not或其他否定詞則放在分詞前
*Because he hasn’t finished his work , he will
have to stay in the office for two hours.
→Not having finished his work, he will have to
stay in the office for two hours.
分詞構句的連接詞
表「時間」
when,while,before,after,
as soon as...
表「原因」
as, because, since...
表「條件」
if, unless...
表「讓步」
though, although...
表「連續或附帶狀況」 and
1.When night came on , we sought shelter at a campsite.
→Night coming on, we sought shelter at a campsite.
2.Since the chairman was absent , the meeting was
suspended.
→The chairman being absent, the meeting was suspended.
3. Although I see you, I am happy.
 Seeing you, I am happy.
4.They lay on the beach , and the sun was shining upon their
faces.
→They lay on the beach, the sun shining upon their faces.
5.If weather permits , Mr.J will date with Ms.C tomorrow.
→Weather permitting, Mr.J will date with Ms.C tomorrow.
1.The man gasped, his face turning red.P.161.162
2.The audience sat rooted to their seats,
tears running down their cheeks.
3.Alex told the story excitedly, his son
sitting quietly behind him.
4.She announced the news, her voice booming
in the narrow space.
5.Tom walked up and down in the hall, his
heart beating painfully.
1.dreaming of his future.
P.162.163
2.holding a puppy in her arms.
3.Seeing the boy, the girl smile.
4.Attracted by her smile, the boy tried to
chat with her.
5.The girl talked happily, her puppy sitting
at her feet.
The end