BridgeWave Communications
4GWE Keynote Session –
Small Cell Backhaul Options
September 13, 2011
New 4G Paradigm
 Mobile networks up to 3G focused on coverage not capacity
 Macro-cell approach was adequate, 3-5 km radius
• Access = 100Mbps
• Aggregation = 300 Mbps
 4G is all about capacity
 10-100 Mbps to handsets
 170 Mbps per LTE sector
 Higher backhaul rates needed e.g. 1 Gbps
 Data rates to devices affected by distance from base station
 Ubiquitous, high speed coverage requires divergence from
macro-cell model
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Small-Cell Drivers
 To meet 4G capacity needs, higher base station densities are
required
 The only way to achieve this economically is to deploy small
and inexpensive cells around the macro-cell
Small Cell Backhaul Challenges
 Deployments required in diverse locations
 Large number of nodes required due to coverage needs
 Environment & Aesthetics
 High capacity – up to 1 Gbps
 Low cost (CAPEX & OPEX)
 Short deployment lead time
Small Cell Backhaul Options
 Fiber
 Likely to address < 30% of small cell locations
 Copper
 Not enough copper pairs available to most locations
 Wireless <6 GHz (NLOS)
 Unlicensed (2.4/5.8 GHz) subject to interference
 Licensed – scarce and expensive resource (access)
 Microwave frequency band (6 – 38 GHz)
 Licensing and equipment cost
 Regulated min antenna size
 Limited capacity
….what about millimeter wave?
Spectrum for Backhaul
 6 - 38 GHz (licensed)
 Per link license typically $2K fee
 Long distance
• 6 GHz up to 50 miles, 38 GHz up to 3 miles
 Optimized for speeds up to 350Mbps per channel
 60 GHz unlicensed (free)
 Excellent for short distances (1/2 to 1 mile)
 Gigabit speeds and urban environment friendly
 70/80 GHz (lightly licensed)
 Per link license <$100
 Optimized for Gigabit speeds up to 2 miles
Traditional MW Frequencies
MMW Frequencies
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mmW Propagation
 60GHz:
 Absorption of O2 ~14dB/Km
 1-2Km for 1Gbps links @5’9s
60 GHz
Excessive rain
150mm/h
Heavy rain
25mm/h
 80GHz:
 2-4Km for 1Gbps links @5’9s
Fog
 Neither is impacted by:
Drizzle
0.25mm/h
 Selective fading (multipath) due to
relatively short links
 Fog (<0.4dB/Km)
80 GHz
mmW Directivity
 High gain and narrow beam-width achieved with small antennas
5.8 GHz = 1,140’ wide @ 1 mi
 Typical examples:
60GHz

5mm
5” antenna 3dB / GA
1.0 / 35dBi
10” antenna 3dB / GA
0.5 / 40dBi
 Implications:
 Security
 High interference immunity
 High frequency reuse
 Comparison of beam width @ 1 mile:
 5.8 GHz 24”
 60 GHz 10”
60 GHz = 128’ wide @ 1 mi
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The Aesthetics Challenge
 Traditional parabolic
antennas are OK for
rooftop/tower/mast
deployment
 Street-level deployment
requires a different approach:
 Aesthetic
 Concealed / disguised
 Small footprint
Why 60 GHz for Small Cell Backhaul?
 Ultra-High Capacity
 Abundant spectrum available
 Low Cost
 Equipment enabled by new consumer
indoor applications
 OpEx and recurring fees (e.g. license)
 Robustness
 O2 effect
 Antenna directionality
 Excellent frequency reuse
 Good fit for urban environment
 Aesthetic, “concealed” solution
 Small footprint
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Picohaul Form Factor
 4” diameter “pipe” delivers 1 GBps up to ½ mile
 < 3o beam width
 > 30 dBi gain
 Alignment hardware built-in
 Stackable
 Can incorporate RAN antenna
 Future-proof design
 Migrate to electronic alignment
© BridgeWave Communications
Confidential and Proprietary
www.bridgewave.com | 1-866-577-6908 1-408-567-6900
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Mounting Options
 Same Gbps backhaul
solutions - multiple
mounting options
A: Top of pole
B: Side of pole
C: BTS Top or inside
D: Side of building (wall mount)
© BridgeWave Communications
© BridgeWave Communications
www.bridgewave.com | 1-866-577-6908 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Confidential and Proprietary
www.bridgewave.com | 1-866-577-6908 1-408-567-6900
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Usage Models
Macro-cell Level
Rooftop Level
Macro-cell
Pico-Cell Level
Street Level
Pico-cell
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What about line of sight?
 30% of links in urban areas will not have LOS
 NLOS solutions will be required
 Millimeter wave superior when LOS is available
 NLOS can be mitigated by planning
• Daisy-chain, Mesh or Ring topologies
© BridgeWave Communications
www.bridgewave.com | 1-866-577-6908
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BridgeWave Communications
 Focus: High-Capacity &
4G backhaul solutions
 Founded in 1999
 Privately held
 100 Employees
 Based in Silicon Valley, CA
Corporate Headquarters: Santa Clara, CA, USA
Clearwire 4G Backhaul, NYC
Metro DC Police – Video Surveillance Backhaul
Over 12,000 Systems Deployed in 60
Countries
Service Providers
Government
Municipalities
Healthcare
Enterprise
Education
The High Capacity Market Leader
U.S. FCC 70/80 GHz Registrations
Data from 1/1/2011 thru 6/30/2011 based on FCC 70/80 GHz Registration Database
16.9%
83.1%
BridgeWave
Others
© BridgeWave Communications
Confidential and Proprietary
www.bridgewave.com | 1-866-577-6908 1-408-567-6900
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BridgeWave 4G Backhaul Solutions
 Focused on solving tough
backhaul challenges facing
next-gen networks
 Introduced FlexPort80 in
2009 – flagship carrier class
product
 Introduced GigE microwave
(18 – 23 GHz) multi-channel
products – Q4 2010
 Introduced 3 Gbps
FlexPort80 solution – Q1
2011
 Introduced 60 GHz PicoHaul
– small cell backhaul
solution – Q1 2011
Millimeter Wave
Microwave
PicoHaul
Thank You
Amir Makleff
President & CEO
BridgeWave Communications
For more information:
White Papers:
http://www.bridgewave.com/solutions/whitepapers.cfm
Case Studies:
http://www.bridgewave.com/solutions/casestudies.cfm
Data Sheets:
http://www.bridgewave.com/products/default.cfm
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