Ancient and Medieval History
Maps
A resource tool for FCPS teachers
Global
Ancient Civilizations 3500 B.C.E.1700 B.C.E.
Remains of Prehistoric Peoples
This map shows
the locations
where scientists
have found the
earliest fossils
and other remains
of prehistoric
people. Scientists
have found
remains in Africa,
Asia, and Europe.
Most scientists
believe that our
closest prehuman
ancestors
originated in
Africa, and
prehistoric people
later spread to
other parts of the
world.
Ancient and Medieval Exploration
Routes
World Map 300 C.E.-1500C.E.
World known by Europeans in 1300
Language Regions-Eastern Hem.
Language
Regions:
Eastern
Hemisphere
Seven Wonders Ancient World
This map shows the locations
of the Seven Wonders of the
Ancient World. The Pyramids
of Giza are in northern Egypt.
The Hanging Gardens of
Babylon were near what is
now Baghdad, Iraq. The
Temple of Artemis was built
in the Greek city of Ephesus,
on the west coast of what is
now Turkey. The statue of
Zeus was at Olympia,
Greece. The Mausoleum at
Halicarnassus was built in
what is now southwestern
Turkey. The Colossus stood
near the harbor of Rhodes,
an island in the Aegean Sea.
The Lighthouse of Alexandria
stood on the island of Pharos
in the harbor of Alexandria,
Egypt.
Map of world wealth today
Europe
Aegean Civilizations
Ancient Greece
Ancient Greek City-States
Ancient Greek Alliances
Voyage of the Argonauts
Eturia
This map shows the location of Etruria, the home of the Etruscans. Etruria extended from the Arno River in
the north to the Tiber River in the south, and from the Apennine Mountains in the east to the Tyrrhenian Sea
in the west.
Sparta 500 B.C.E.
Troy
Macedonia: Home of Alexander
Alexander’s Empire
Empire of Alexander the Great
Ancient Rome
Rome takes Italy B.C.E. 272
Roman Empire under Augustus
Division of the Roman Empire 100 C.E.
At its peak, in the A.D. 100's, the Roman Empire covered about half of Europe, much of the Middle East, and the north coast
of Africa. But the Roman Empire grew weaker during the A.D. 300's. In 395, it was split into the West Roman Empire and the
East Roman Empire. Each empire was subdivided into two parts called prefectures. The West Roman Empire consisted of
the prefecture of Gaul and the prefecture of Italy and Africa. The prefecture of Illyricum and the prefecture of the East made
up the East Roman Empire. The West Roman Empire fell to Germanic tribes in 476. The East Roman survived as the
Byzantine Empire until 1453.
Roman Britain
Roman Empire 117 C.E.
Appian Way
Growth of the Roman Empire
Journey of St. Paul
Anglo-Saxons
The seafaring Jutes, Angles, and Saxons who invaded Britain in the mid-400's
became known as Anglo-Saxons. This map shows the origin of each group in
mainland Europe. The Jutes were from what is now Denmark and northern
Germany. The Angles were from Angeln, a district in what is now the northern
German state of Schleswig-Holstein. The Saxons were from northern Germany.
Anglo-Saxon Kingdoms
Empire of Attila the Hun 450s C.E.
Byzantine Empire around 500 C.E.
Kingdom of the Franks 768 C.E.
Byzantine Empire 876-1057 C.E.
Europe c. 1000 C.E.
Italy 1200 C.E.
Byzantine Empire around 1300 C.E.
Empire of Charlemagne
First and Third Crusades
This map shows the routes taken by some of the major European armies during the First and Third crusades. The First Crusade began in 1096 and
ended in 1099. Key European leaders in the crusade included Robert of Flanders, Raymond of Toulouse, Godfrey of Bouillon, and Bohemond of
Taranto. The crusaders traveled from Europe toward Constantinople (now Istanbul, Turkey) and then marched toward Jerusalem. They succeeded in
capturing Jerusalem. They also established the crusader states: Edessa, Antioch, Tripoli, and Jerusalem.
The Third Crusade began in 1189 and ended in 1192. Important European leaders of the Third Crusade were Frederick I of Germany, Philip II of
France, and Richard I of England. The crusaders failed to recapture Jerusalem. But they recovered the Palestinian coastline and won an agreement
with the Muslims to permit Christians to visit Jerusalem.
Holy Roman Empire c. 1250 C.E.
Exploration by the Vikings
Capetian France
Marco Polo’s Routes
The map is hyperlinked to the map’s web site. Click it while running the
slide show to see Magellan’s route animated.
Ottoman Empire
The Americas
Land of the Maya
Aztec Empire
Aztec Controlled Area
Indians: Andes Cultural Area
This map shows where the American Indians of the Andes cultural area lived. The Andean Indians lived in the highlands of the
Andes Mountains of South America and in nearby coastal areas. This large region includes southwestern Colombia, central
Ecuador, coastal Peru, most of Chile, and parts of western Bolivia and Argentina. Next to the map is a list of the Indian groups
that lived there. Major groups included the Inca, Mapuche, Nazca, and Moche. Each of the underlined groups has a separate
article in World Book.
Incan Empire
Indians: Caribbean
This map shows where
the American Indians of
the Caribbean cultural
area lived. The area
includes the southern
half of Central America,
the northern parts of
what are now Colombia
and Venezuela, and the
islands of the Caribbean
Sea. Next to the map is
a list of the Indian
groups that lived there.
Major groups included
the Arawak, Carib, and
Chibcha. Each of the
underlined groups has a
separate article in World
Book.
Portugal’s Empire
Trade Winds
Native American Cultural Regions
Indians: California
This map shows where the
American Indians of the California
cultural area lived. The area
includes much of California. The
area extends from the southern
edges of Oregon in the north to
Baja, in Mexico, in the south. It
stretches from the Sierra Nevada in
the east to the Pacific Ocean in the
west. Next to the map is a list of the
Indian groups that lived there. Major
groups included the Chumash,
Miwok, Pomo, and Wintun. Each of
the underlined groups has a
separate article in World Book.
Indians: Great Basin
Indians: Middle Americas
Indians: Northeast
Indians: Northwest
Indians: Plains
Indians: Plateau
Indians: South America
Indians: Southeast
Indians: Southwest
Indians: Subarctic
Inuit Lands
Indians: Tropical Forest
Indians: Arctic Area
The Maya
Asia
Cradles of Civilization
Indus Valley Civilization
This map shows the
location of the Indus
Valley civilization,
which flourished from
about 2500 B.C. to
about 1700 B.C. The
civilization grew to
cover most of presentday Pakistan and
parts of what are now
Afghanistan and
northern India. The
heart of the civilization
was the vast flood
plain of the Indus and
Hakra rivers. The
Hakra River is now
dry. It flowed east of—
and parallel to—the
Indus River.
Shang Dynasty China 1700 – 1100
B.C.E.
Asian Empires 300 B.C.E.-200B.C.E.
Qin Dynasty 221 B.C.E.
Asian Empires 100 C.E.- 300 C.E.
Mauryan Empire c. 300 B.C.E.
This map shows the location
of the Mauryan Empire, the
first empire to unite almost all
of India under a single
government. The empire
lasted from about 324 to about
185 B.C. Under the rule of
Chandragupta Maurya, which
ended about 298 B.C., the
empire included much of what
is now northern India,
Bangladesh, Pakistan, and
Afghanistan. Chandragupta’s
son Bindusara and
Bindusara's son Ashoka
expanded the empire far into
South India. The empire's
capital was Pataliputra (now
Patna).
Gupta Empire 320 C.E.- 500C.E.
Mughal Empire 1600 C.E.
Korea-Three Kingdoms Period(100) B.C.E.
Han Empire 100 C.E.
Indochina Peninsula 300 C.E.
Asian Empires 700 C.E.
Tang Empire
This map shows
the land ruled by
the Tan emperors
from their capital at
Chang'an. The
Tang Empire
reached its greatest
size under Emperor
Xuanzong. It
controlled territory
from eastern China
to Persia. Arabs
defeated Chinese
armies at Talas in
A.D. 751. This
battle marked the
end of Tang power
in Turkestan and
the closing of
overland trade
routes to the west.
Empire of Genghis Khan 1227 C.E.
Mongol Empire 1200s C.E.
Mongol Empire
Empire of Kublai Khan
Yuan Dynasty 1279-1368 C.E.
Marco Polo’s Routes
The map is hyperlinked to the map’s web site. Click it while running the
slide show to see Magellan’s route animated.
Silk Road
Asia Minor
Asian Empires 1500 C. E.-1700 C. E.
Africa
Ancient Egypt
Carthage
Kingdom of Kush
Nubia
Kingdom of Aksum 300 C.E.
Ghana Empire around 1050 C.E.
Fatimid Empire
Kingdom of Mali 1337 C.E.
Africa in the 1400s
Ottoman Empire
Africa in the 1400s
Kingdom of Benin about 1500 C.E.
Middle East
Mesopotamia
Euphrates River
Ancient Egypt
Phoenicia 1400B.C.E.-1200 B.C.E.
Canaan 1000 B.C.E.
Kingdom of Israel 980 B.C.E
This map shows the location of
the kingdom of Israel during
the 900's B.C., at the height of
its power. Between about 1800
and 1500 B.C., Abraham, the
ancestor of the Jews, settled in
Canaan (roughly an area from
east of the Jordan River to the
Mediterranean Sea). At first,
the Jews were divided into
tribes. About 1000 B.C., they
united to form the kingdom of
Israel, later called Judah or
Judea. The region extended
north to the Euphrates River
and south to the Gulf of Aqaba.
Judea 100 B.C.E.
Chaldea
Fertile Crescent
Babylonia
Assyria 1300B.C.E. - 600B.C.E.
Israel 1000 B.C.E.
Lydia 545 B.C.E.
Media 500 B.C.E.
Persian Empire 400 B.C.E.
Parthia 100 B.C.E.
Life of Jesus of Nazareth
Byzantine Empire around 500 C.E.
Empire of Timur
The empire of
Timur, an Asian
conqueror,
covered much of
Southwest Asia in
the 1390’s. This
map shows the
routes of Timur’s
invading armies to
India in 1398 and
to Egypt and Syria
in 1400 and 1401.
Timur died in
1405 before he
could conquer
China.
Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Expansion
Middle East
Australia and Pacific Islands
Aboriginal Migration Routes and
Excavations