John P. McKay ● Bennett D. Hill ● John Buckler
Patricia Buckley Ebrey ● Roger B. Beck
Clare Haru Crowston ● Merry E. Wiesner-Hanks
A History of World Societies
Ninth Edition
CHAPTER 16
The Acceleration of Global Contact,
1450–1600
Copyright © 2011 by Bedford/St. Martin’s
I. The Afroeurasian Trade World
Before Columbus
A. The Trade World of the Indian Ocean
1. South China Sea
2. Admiral Zheng He
3. India
B. Peoples and Cultures of the Indian Ocean
1. Austronesian families
2. Bride wealth
I. The Afroeurasian Trade World
Before Columbus
C. Trade with Africa and the Middle East
1. African cargo
2. Middle Eastern rivals
D. Genoese and Venetian Middlemen
1. Italian influence
2. Shifting slave markets
II. The European Voyages of Discovery
A. Causes of European Expansion
1. Luxury goods
2. Religious fervor
3. Inquisitive minds
4. Royal competition
5. Employment opportunities
II. The European Voyages of Discovery
B. Technology and the Rise of Exploration
1. Ptolemy’s Geography
2. Magnetic compass
3. Astrolabe
C. The Expanding Portuguese Empire
1. Portuguese goals
2. Prince Henry the Navigator
3. The African coast
4. Indian Ocean ports
II. The European Voyages of Discovery
D. Christopher Columbus’s Voyages to the Americas
1. Financing
2. The islands
3. Spanish colonization
II. The European Voyages of Discovery
E. Later Explorers
1. Magellan
2. Cabot
3. Cartier
II. The European Voyages of Discovery
F. Spanish Conquest in the New World
1. The Mexica Empire
2. Montezuma
3. The Inca Empire
4. Francisco Pizarro
5. Cuzco
III. The Impact of Conquest
A. Colonial Administration
1. Viceroyalties
2. New World court system
B. The Impact of European Settlement on the Lives of
Indigenous Peoples
1. Encomienda system
2. Disease
III. The Impact of Conquest
C. The Columbian Exchange
1. Corn
2. Potatoes
D. Sugar and Early Transatlantic Slavery
1. Sugar cane
2. Plantation system
3. Exploitation of labor
III. The Impact of Conquest
E. The Birth of the Global Economy
1. Global sea routes
2. Commodities
3. Rise and fall of economic empires
IV. Changing Values and Beliefs
A. New Ideas About Race
1. Physical justifications
2. Biblical justifications
B. Michel de Montaigne and Cultural Curiosity
1. Skepticism
2. The essay
IV. Changing Values and Beliefs
C. William Shakespeare and His Influence
1. Othello
2. The Tempest
D. Religious Conversion in the New World
1. Missionaries
2. Virgin of Guadalupe