• How?
• Where?
• When?
• Why?
•To what extent?
•Under what condition?

• Adverbs modify :
VERBS , ADJECTIVES , and other
ADVERBS

• Nearly anywhere in the sentence…
• However, they are usually near the verb , adjective or adverb they modify (but not always)
Examples:
• He can run fast .
(tells: how he can run)
• She really likes soccer.
(tells: to what extent, she likes…)

• They can swim really quickly.
(modifies the adverb quickly . It answers – How quickly?)
• He is not enjoying this activity.
(Just remember the word not is always an adverb .)
• She is always late for class.
(The words always , never, sometimes, rarely, etc. are also adverbs )

Your book is here .
Your pencil is there .
The birds are flying high .
The plane is flying by .

He came home late .
She woke early .
They are performing now .
She will do her homework later .

Unlike an adverb or an adverb phrase , an adverb clause has a
subject and a verb
ADVERB :
They will leave soon .
ADVERB PHRASE :
They will leave ( in a few minutes ) .
ADVERB CLAUSE :
S V
They will leave when they are ready .

• An adverb clause is a subordinate
(dependent clause) that modifies a verb , an adjective , or an adverb .
• Like an adverb an adverb clause tells where , when , how , why , to what extent or under what condition.

Adverb Clauses can also be found nearly anywhere in the sentence…
…beginning, middle or end…
EXAMPLES:
• You may sit wherever you wish .
(modifies the verb sit and tells where )
• When spring sets in , many students go crazy.
(modifies the verb go and tells when )
• Sammy and Alexandra look as though they have some exciting news for us .
(modifies the verb look , telling how S. and A. look )

• Happy because she made an A , Maia hurried to phone her mom.
(modifies the adjective Happy , telling why Maia was happy.)
• Will can climb higher than I can .
(modifies the adverb higher , telling to what extent or how much higher Will can climb)
• If it does not rain tomorrow , we will go to the beach for class.
(modifies the verb will go , telling under what condition we will go to the beach.)

• When an adverb clause begins a sentence, it is followed by a comma .
,

• An adverb clause is introduced by a subordinating conjunction —a word that shows the relationship between the adverb clause and the word or words that the clause modifies .

after although
as though since when because so that whenever as as if before how than though where wherever as long as if unless as soon as in order that until whether while

• The words after , as , before , since , and until are also commonly used as prepositions .
Example:
PREPOSITION :
(After lunch ) we’ll finish building the rocket.
SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTION :
After you wash the dishes , you can make the bed.

SUBORDINATE (DEPENDENT)
CLAUSES:
Adjective Clause Adverb Clause Noun Clause
Relative Relative
Pronoun Adverb
Subordinating
Conjunction