LEARNING TO LEARN
AIMS:
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To learn how to use a dictionary
(phonetic symbols and multiple meanings)
To learn how to organize vocabulary
To learn parts of speech
WHEN YOU USE A DICTIONARY, IT’S VERY IMPORTANT TO KNOW
HOW TO READ THE TRANSCRIPTION. HERE ARE SOME PHONETIC
SYMBOLS WHICH USUALLY CAUSE PROBLEMS TO STUDENTS.
Vowel sounds:
 /sʌn/ sun
 /ka: / car
 /bed/ bed
 /kæt/ cat
 /sıt/ sit
 /tri:/ tree
 /hɒt/ hot
 /hɔ:s/ horse
 /fʊl/ full
 /mu:n/ moon
 /wɔ:tə/ water
 /gɜ:l/ girl
/leıt/ late
/taım/ time
/bɒı/ boy
/həʊm/ home
/aʊt/ out
/hɪə/ here
/ðeə/ there
Consonant sounds:
 /ʧeə/ chair
 /eɪʤ/ age
 /θıηk/ think
 /ðıs/this
 /∫op/ shop
 / pleʒə/ pleasure
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IT’S ALSO VERY IMPORTANT TO KNOW THAT ONE
WORD CAN HAVE MORE THAN ONE MEANING.
table n. /teıbl/
1.
a kitchen table
2.
the periodic table
3.
the multiplication table
 key n. /ki:/=
I’ve lost my keys, and now I can’t get in.
keyadj. /ki:/ = very important
He’s our key witness.
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 lead
/li:d/ = guide, show the way
lead n. / led/ = Pb
v.
HOW TO ORGANIZE NEW WORDS IN YOUR
NOTEBOOK
It’s a good idea to write what part of speech
it is and to write a sentence which shows
how it is used. For example:
bond n /bond/ = a force that joins something
together
Chemical bonds can be covalent or ionic.
“My name is Bond, Chemical Bond.”
The trade agreement strengthened the bonds
between the two countries.
PARTS OF SPEECH
n.
adj.
pron.
v.
adv.
prep.
art.
noun
adjective
pronoun
verb
adverb
preposition
article
I have a sister.
They live in an old house.
They live in an old house.
They live in an old house.
He drives fast.
They live in an old house.
They live in an old house.
LOOK AT THE TRANSCRIPTION OF SOME COMMONLY
MISPRONOUNCED WORDS AND TRY TO WORK OUT
WHAT THE WORDS ARE.
/’æsɪd/
 /beɪs/
 /baɪka:bənɪt/
 /baɪ’ɒləʤi/
 /kælsɪəm/
 /kəʊveɪlənt/
 /daɪ’oksaid/
 /kemɪst/
 /’klɔ:ri:n/
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/ɪks’perimənt/
 /ʤel/
 /hi:lɪəm/
 /haɪdrəʤən/
 /aiən/
 /’mɒlikju:l/
 /’ni:ɒn/
 /’ɒksaid/
 /zɪŋk/
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THIS IS HOW WE SPELL THE WORDS
acid
 base
 bicarbonate
 biology
 calcium
 covalent
 dioxide
 chemist
 chlorine

experiment
 gel
 helium
 hydrogen
 ion
 molecule
 neon
 oxide
 zinc
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WORK OUT THE PARTS OF SPEECH OF THE UNDERLINED
WORDS. TRY TO GUESS THE MEANINGS OF THE WORDS
FROM THE CONTEXT.
Emma left home, rounded the corner on her bike and
saw a round metal object on the road. It went round
and round in circles making a strange noise. Suddenly,
a man came and fired a round of ammunition at the
object.
rounded the corner = verb
 a round metal object = adjective
 It went round and round = adverb
 a round of ammunition = noun
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IN PAIRS, USE THE WORDS BELOW TO WRITE AS MANY
SENTENCES AS POSSIBLE IN FIVE MINUTES.
crocodile
was
watching
Mary
is
bigger
animals
left
lot
will
zoo
study
home
the
and
goes
took
to
has
a
of
yesterday
tomorrow
if
if
than
gone
WITCH OF THESE STRUCTURES DID YOU
USE?
Present Simple
 Present Continuous
 Future forms
 Present Perfect
 Past Simple
 Past Continuous

Conditionals
 Comparison of
adjectives
 Quantity expressions
 Modals of obligation
 The Passive
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ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE
1.
2.
3.
4.
The number of letters in English is the same as
the number of sounds.
The best way to learn new words is to write
example sentences.
There are five parts of speech in English.
What are the two different ways to pronounce
the word LEAD? What’s the difference in
meaning?