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CHAPTER 3
Impact of the Individual
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The year is 1607. You have just sailed across the ocean
and arrived in a strange land. Your family has traveled
to the eastern coast of North America in search of
freedom and prosperity. Your first task in the new land
is to decide what you need to do to survive.
What dangers would you face as a settler?
• What do you need to
survive in the wilderness?
• This settlement is actually a fort,
with an armed force and high fences.
What reasons might there be for building a fort?
• What kind of settlement would you build?
1585 First English colony established at Roanoke.
1607 John Smith and other English
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settlers establish Jamestown.
1620 Pilgrims land at Plymouth.
1630 Puritans found Massachusetts Bay Colony.
1664 England takes New Amsterdam from Dutch.
1675 King Philip’s War erupts.
1681 William Penn receives charter for Pennsylvania.
1692 Salem witchcraft trails are held.
To World
1732 Colony of Georgia is founded
by James Oglethorpe.
1587 Foreign missionaries are banished from Japan.
1588 England defeats Spanish Armada.
1605 Akbar, Mughal emperor of India, dies.
1649 Charles I of England is beheaded.
1660 English monarchy is restored.
1688 William and Mary take power in Britain’s
Glorious Revolution.
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Main Idea
Two early English colonies failed, but
Jamestown survived—partly through
individual effort and hard work.
Why It Matters Now
Jamestown’s survival led to more
English colonies and a lasting English
influence in the United States.
What events led to the founding of Jamestown?
England and Spain
were political rivals.
Spanish
Armada defeated.
England wanted
colonies to
increase trade.
FOUNDING OF
JAMESTOWN
• Why did the first English
settlement at Roanoke fail?
• How did the English finance
their colonies after 1606?
• What was the outcome
of Bacon’s Rebellion?
Drawing Conclusions
What were the main reasons that
Jamestown survived and prospered?
Think About
• how, after the “starving time,”
Lord De La Warr took control
• John Rolfe’s development of a high-grade tobacco plant
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Main Idea
Religion influenced the settlement and
government of the New England colonies.
Why It Matters Now
The Puritan work ethic and religious beliefs
influence American culture today.
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What were some aspects of the New England Way?
Everyone attended
church services.
Amusements were
frowned upon.
NEW
ENGLAND WAY
Education was
emphasized.
Puritans had a
strong work ethic.
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• What is the Mayflower Compact?
• What is the meaning of the
term the “Great Migration”?
• What were some of the
causes of King Philip’s War?
Recognizing Effects
What impact did the arrival of the
English in New England have on the
Native Americans?
Think About
• Squanto
• Chief Massasoit
• King Philip’s War
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Main Idea
The founding of the Middle and Southern
colonies provided settlers with many
economic opportunities.
Why It Matters Now
America is still a place where immigrants
seek freedom and economic opportunity.
What was an effect of each of the following causes?
CAUSES
EFFECTS
New Netherland
threat to English.
English attacked
New Netherland.
English attacked Quakers.
Penn founded Pennsylvania.
Laborers needed
in Carolinas.
African slaves
were used.
Oglethorpe too
strict in Georgia.
Georgia became
a royal colony.
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• What were the goals
of the patroon system?
• What three Middle Colonies
offered religious freedom?
• What were three crops grown
in the Southern Colonies?
Analyzing Causes
Why did colonists in Maryland and the
Carolinas enslave Native Americans and
use African slaves?
Think About
• the crops being grown,
such as tobacco, rice, and indigo
• the nature of farm work
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REVIEW QUESTIONS
ANSWERS: READ AND TAKE NOTES
1 What were the reasons given by Richard Hakluyt that
England should start a colony?
2 Why were Jamestown and Plymouth financed
by joint-stock companies?
3 How did John Rolfe change the Virginia colony?
4 What was John Winthrop’s vision
for Massachusetts Bay?
5 What was the system of government in the
Massachusetts Bay Colony?
6 What were some of the effects of King Philip’s War?
7 Why did Charles II want New Netherland?
8 What were relations like between Native Americans
and settlers in Pennsylvania?
9 What was the Toleration Act of 1649?
10 What sorts of crops were particularly well suited to
the soil and climate in the Southern colonies?
Sequencing Events
Virginia
1607
Massachusetts
1620
New Hampshire
1623
New York
1624
Maryland
1632
Rhode Island
1636
Connecticut
1636
Delaware
1638
South Carolina
1663
North Carolina
1663
New Jersey
1664
Pennsylvania
1681
Georgia
1732
ESTABLISHED
13 COLONIES
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