unit 4

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(全新版)大学英语 BOOK TWO
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Unit4: A Virtual Life
(全新版)大学英语 BOOK TWO
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Warm-up Quetions
Reading Analysis
Writing Strategy
General Understanding
After Reading
Assignment
(全新版)大学英语 BOOK TWO
Objectives
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• Students will be able to:
• grasp the main idea and the structure of the
text;
• appreciate the features of spoken English ;
• learn by heart the basic language points and
grammatical structures in the text;
• conduct a series of reading, listening,
speaking and writing activities related to the
theme of the unit.
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Warm-up Questions:
• 1.What people can do on the Internet?
• 2. How many words and expressions
related to computer and internet can
you think of? (group competition)
• 3. Now try to find out more relevant
words and expressions in the word list
on P104-105
• 4. Here are some more words related
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Word Association
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Microblog
flesh search
gamer
Home page
Web site
Net friend/pal
Hacker
Virus
Netizen
Surf
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Do you
know them?
Smiley face
Spam
Blog
On-line dating
CyberVirtual
Online
Ipad
facebook
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Microblog: 微薄
flesh search:人肉搜索
Gamer:游戏玩家
Home page:主页
Website: WWW(环球网)的站点
Net friend/pal: 网友
Hacker: 黑客
Virus:病毒
Netizen: 网民( =net +citizen)
Surf: 网上冲浪
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Smiley face: 笑脸
Spam: 垃圾邮件
Blog: 网络日志 (Weblog的简称)
On-line dating: 网上约会
Cyber-:计算机,计算机的前缀
Virtual: 虚拟的
Online: 在线的
Ipad:掌上电脑
Facebook: 社交网站
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Word Study
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• New terms related to computer and
the Internet are constantly added
to the English vocabulary, so much
so that many of them are not
included in any English dictionary.
• However, if we apply certain rules,
their meanings are easy to deduce.
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•
The most dynamic combining forms or prefixes
for new computer-and-Internet vocabulary in English:
•
Virtual
•
Cyber-
•
Net-
•
Web-
•
E-
Word Study
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Word building
1. Combining forms/prefixes+noun:
virtual life, virtual world, virtual office, …
cybernut cyberculture, cyberpet, …
nethead, netwriter,
network
web page, web site, webTV, webmaster, …
e-card, e-mail, e-journal, e-business,…
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•
2. Combining forms/prefixes+verb:
•
cybersurf, netsurf, websurf, email
•
3. Words like cyber, net, etc,+ suffix:
•
cyberian, cybernaut, netter, webify, cyberize
•
4. Clipped word:
•
netcast (net+broadcast),
•
webnomics (web+economics),
webzine( web+magazine),
•
e-zine ( electronic+magazine)
(cyber+doctor ),
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netizen (net+citizen),
cyberdoc
Text A: Discussion
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Some of us like to live a life in contact
with real things and real people, but
others favor a virtual existence. Which
life is better?
I’m sure you have different opinions.
Now let’s read Text A to find out what
Maia Szalavits has to say about these
two life styles?
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Reading Analysis
structure
Part I
Part II
Paras
1-3
Paras
11-13
•Paras 4-10
Part III
Description
of the author’s
Her effort
of returning
to the realvirtual
worldlife
and
•Her feelings about the virtual life
her feeling about the real world
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Text Organization
Paras 2-3:
Description of the author’s
virtual life
Paras 4-10,13:
Her feelings about it after
staying on the Net for a
while
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Para 11 : What she does to return to the
real world
Para 12: How she feels about the real
world
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Writing Strategy: Inductive generalization
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• In developing a paragraph by means of the
inductive generalization, the writer presents
particular instances of a like kind and leads
them into valid generalization which serves as
his topic sentences. Thus, in the inductive
pattern, the topic sentence is likely to appear
late in the paragraph, often at the end. The
result may be referred to as a periodic
paragraph, which, like a periodic sentence,
cannot be considered structurally complete at
any point before the end.
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Writing Strategy: Inductive generalization
Evidence : the negative
effects of the virtual life
(para 4)
Her aversion to socializing
Her lack of discipline
Generalization:
daily
routine
and
socializing
A tendency
to become
shyer
and bad
tempered, etc
are important to a human being ( para 10 )
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General Understanding
of Text A
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Part 1
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Read Part 1 carefully and answer the
following questions.
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• 1. What did the author do three years
ago and what is she doing now?
She worked as a television producer, and now
she submits articles and edits them via email
and communicates with colleagues on Internet
mailing lists.
• 2. How does the author manage her
daily life?
She can order food, and manage her money,
love and work on the Net.
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virtual: adj 虚拟的,实质上的
• 1.In a virtual space, Students can
"dissect" a human body, "visit" ancient
battlefields, or "talk" with
Shakespeare, ...
– 比如,在虚拟的空间中,学生们可以与莎士比亚
“对话”。
• 2.I can visit a virtual store and put what
I want in my basket at the click
of a mouse button.
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• 3.Now that the talks have broken down,
war in the region looks like a virtual
certainty.
• 4.Our deputy manager is the virtual
head of the business.
– 我们的副经理是公司的实际负责人。
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stretch: v. 延伸;夸大n.伸展
1. The desert
distance.
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stretched away into the
沙漠一直延伸到远方。
2.Don not stretch the truth.
别夸大事实。
3.I got out of the bed and had a good
stretch.
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interpret: vt. 理解;解释;口译;诠释
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• 1.We need somebody to interpret from
Russian into English.
– 我们需要一个把俄语口译为英语的人。
2. 她把他的沉默解释为傲慢。
• She interprets his silence as arrogance.
• 3.The guide interpreted the woman's
remarks for us.
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• 4. Not everybody agreed with the way
she interpreted the violin concerts, but
it was still a technically perfect
performance.
–并非每人都同意她对那首小
提琴协奏曲的诠释,但是她的
演奏在技巧上仍是无懈可击。
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Paras 2-3
• 1.Submit…to
… 提交
• You should submit your report to the
committee.
• 2.Submit (oneself) to… 服从
•
I was unwilling to submit
•
•
(myself) to his orders.
Translate: 她最后服从了父母的决定。
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give
contribute
donate
dedicate
grant
award
offer
present
render
submit
confer
devote
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give
submit
Part 2: Multiple Choice
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• Read Part 2 carefully and choose the best
answer for each question.
• 1. How does the author feel when she is
suddenly confronted with people in the real
world?_____ D
• A) She feels shy.
• B) She feels angry.
• C) She feels cautious.
• D) She feels overexcited.
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•
•
•
•
•
2. How does the author behave on line?___
A) SheCis friendly.
B) She is humorous.
C) She is bad-tempered.
D) She is talkative.
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• 3. Why does the author fight her boyfriend on
the Net sometimes?______ B
• A) Because they haven’t seen each other for a
long time.
• B) Because their typed dialogue lacks
emotional cues and she misinterprets it.
• C) Because he doesn’t love her any longer.
• D) Because he doesn’t send e-mails to her
frequently.
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• 4. What does the author think daily routine
D
is?____
• A) Dressing for work.
• B) Work with colleagues at the office.
• C) Sleeping normal hours.
• D) All the above.
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Symptom: n. 征兆;症状
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Cigarettes can aggravate the symptoms of a
cold.
– 抽烟会加重感冒症状。
The doctor made his diagnosis after studying
the patient's symptoms.
– 医生研究病人的症状后, 作出诊断。
Fever is a symptom of many illnesses.
– 发烧是许多疾病的症兆。
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Paras 4-10
•
•
•
•
•
Patterns:
1. I find myself shyer…
2. They are of no use to me.
Practice:
When the passenger woke
up,______.
• (他发现自己躺在医院的病房里)
• Please do Ex. p114
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Key to Ex. p114
• 1. you will find yourself penniless in a month.
• 3. she found herself faced with the toughest
job she had ever taken.
• 4. Susan found herself in a trap from which
she could not escape.
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jar
• jar: n. 罐子,v.不舒服的感觉; 不和谐
• collocations:
•
•
•
•
1. jar sth. 2. jar on sb./sth. 3. jar with…
---The loud bang jarred my nerves.
---Her squeaky voice jarred on me
---His harsh criticism jarred with the
friendly tone of the meeting.
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Suck in
• Suck in / such sb in or into sth:
•
(usu. passive ) 卷入
• --- I don’t want to get sucked into the
debate about school reform.
• --- Some teenagers don’t want to get
involved with gangs, but they find
themselves getting sucked in.
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project
• 1. 计划,规划,设计
• 2. 投射,放映
• 3. 以为…某人也存在 (+on/upon/on to )
• imagine that others have (the same
feelings, usu. unpleasant ones ) as you
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Examples
• 我们正在计划游览澳洲。
• We are projecting a visit to Australia.
• Will you be able to project a film for us?
• You mustn’t project your guilt on to me.
• 你不要以为我也和你一样内疚。
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Part 3: True or False
The
author
tries
to
at
least
get
to
the
• Decide whether the following statements are true
gym so that she may set apart the
or false.
weekend from the rest of her week.
• 1. The author tries to at least get to the gym in
order to keep fit. ( ) F
• 2. The author can get used to the real world very
well. ( ) F
Sheauthor
founds
sometimes
face
to face
• 3. The
can’t
bear her being
friend’s
laughter
and
is tooinmuch.
the noise
the restaurant. ( )
T
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Part 3: True or False
• 4. The author can’t make a choice between the
F
real world and the virtual one. ( )
She finally chooses the virtual world.
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Paras 11
• Arrange 整理;布置;安排
• Patterns:
• 1.arrange sth.
• 2.arrange to do sth.
• 3.arrange for sb/sth to do sth
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Examples
• She arranged the flowers in the vase.
• 她把花插在花瓶上。
• Let’s arrange to have a dinner together
some time before we graduate.
• 我已安排出租车上午八点来接我们。
• I have arranged for a taxi to pick us up
at 8:00 a.m.
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cue: n. 暗示, 提示, 信号
vt. 给 ... 提示
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• When I nod my head, that's your cue to interrupt the meeting.
– 我一点头,就是暗示你把会议中断。
• Can you cue me when you want me to begin speaking?
– 你要我开始讲话时能给我暗示一下吗?
• I'll cue you in by nodding my head.
– 我一点头, 你就开始.
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Please take the teaching material on the disc for your
reference!
Other Language Focus
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After reading: Discussion•
• 1.What are the
negative and the
positive effects of a
virtual life?
• 2.What is the
author’s attitude
toward the digital
world?
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Task: Compare
The first
para
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The last para
Together they show us the dilemma
people at present are in: Because of
modern tech.,we have a choice between a
virtual life and real life, but we find both
unsatisfactory. The author, however,
finally has to choose the latter despite its
negative effects.
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Summing-up
• 1. Main idea: Despite the many negative
effects of virtual life, the author prefer it to
real life.
• 2. Structure of the text : Contrast
between virtual life and real life.
• 3. Pattern: I find oneself …
• 4. Vocabulary related to computer and the
Internet: virtual life, the net, telecommute,
email, internet mailing list, computer-assisted,
data, link, cyber-interaction, on line,system
crash, click on the modem, connection,
password.
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Useful Expressions
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
一周中的最好时光
投稿
有时
对。。。感到厌恶
社交方式
缺乏自律
网络交际
面对
穿着得体
坏脾气
(全新版)大学英语 BOOK TWO
a highlight of the week
submit articles
at times
feel an aversion to
forms of socializing
a lack of discipline
cyber-interaction
be confronted with
be dressed appropriately
be bad-tempered
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11.在此状态下
12. 日常事务
13. 依赖
14. 长期失业
15. 吸毒
16. 恢复平衡
17. 将…与…区分开
18. 面对面
19. 找借口
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in this state
daily routine
rely on
long-term unemployment
drug abuse
restore balance
set apart…from
face to face
make an excuse
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Writing
The influence of
internet on
Human Relations
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Writing
•
You’re allowed 30 minutes to write a
composition of no less than 120 word on the topic
of “The influence of internet on Human Relations.”
Your composition should be based on the
following outline.
• 1. 有人认为互联网的出现促进了人与人的交流。
• 2.有人认为互联网的出现淡化了人际关系。
• 3.我的看法。
(全新版)大学英语 BOOK TWO
Assignments
Do Exercises in Text A
Reading Text B
Prepare Unit 5
Do test yourself
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Key to exercise
Vocabulary
1. 1) conversely
3) but then
5) spitting
7) tone
9) editing
11) Internet
13) stretched
15) angles
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2) relationship
4) symptom
6) abusing
8) took (her) in
10) communicate
12) in sight
14) data
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Key to exercise
• 2. 1) The sight of teenagers smoking cigarettes jars on
me.
2) I turned on the TV just to relax a little bit after a
heavy dinner, but soon I found myself getting sucked
in by the fascinating plot of a science fiction film.
3) Jeffrey’s computer crashed again this morning. The
manager has arranged for a technician from the
computer store to check and repair it.
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Key to exercise
4) During the Vietnam War, many young
Americans fled their country to avoid military
service.
Or: During the Vietnam War, many young
Americans fled to other countries to avoid
military service.
5) The new government is planning an anticorruption campaign so as to restore people’s
confidence in it.
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Key to exercise
• 3. 1) The traditional school will never go
away, but the virtual classroom is playing a
more and more important role. Obviously, the
online student relies on the computer. To get
started, he must have his computer hooked up
to the Internet through a phone line and
modem. To be successful, he must keep up
with the class and complete all work on time.
Once he gets behind, it is almost impossible to
catch up.
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Key to exercise
2) When the economy slows down, the worst
nightmare for an employee is losing his job. In
addition to money problems, the emotional
stress is hard to bear. Hunting for a job is now
the daily routine of many workers like Henry
Smith. He fills out applications and writes
resumes and submits them to various
companies, expecting an interview. But in
times of
(全新版)大学英语 BOOK TWO
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Key to exercise
rising unemployment, even job interviews are hard to
get. He takes great care not to miss any appointment,
for if he missed it, it would be all but impossible to
arrange for another one.
3) “ The dot. com bubble has burst. Venture capitalists
have become cautious in putting more money into the
IT industry and small investors are taking their cue,”
said the chairman in his concluding speech. It is clear
from these remarks that the ever-optimistic economist
has changed his tune.
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Key to exercise
Collocation
1. We came here all the way on foot.
2. Private cars are not allowed on campus.
3. They are on vacation in Florida.
4. Mary has been talking to her friend on the
phone for an hour.
5. Don’t worry, Lucy is always on time.
6. Industrial demand on fuel is on the rise.
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Key to exercise
Usage
1. hard
2. difficult
3. impossible
4. tough
5. hard
6. easy
Structure
1. 1) Anyone who has talked with him will see
Mark is a person of remarkable intelligence.
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Key to exercise
2) The book is of no value to one who is not
familiar with the subject.
3) She is a woman of wealth. She never has to
worry about money.
4) In today’s job market, basic skills in computer
science and foreign languages are of great
importance.
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Key to exercise
2. 1) you will find yourself penniless in a month.
2) he found himself lying in a hospital ward.
3) she found herself faced with the toughest
job she had ever taken
4) Susan found herself in a trap from which
she could not escape.
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Key to exercise
Cloze
(A)
1. Internet
3. nightmare
5. email
7. communicating
9. At times
11. on line
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2. click
4. sucked
6. rely
8. emotional
10. flee
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Key to exercise
(B)
1. between
3. to
5. on
7. enables
9. reach
11. because
13. does
15. making
17. Nor
2. The
4. away
6. work
8. local
10. benefits
12. provides
14. in
16. with
18. virtual
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Key to exercise
Translation
Perhaps you envy me for being able to work from home on the
computer. I agree that the Internet has made my job a lot easier.
I can write, submit and edit articles via email, chat with my
colleagues on line and discuss work with my boss. With a click
of the mouse, I can get all the data I need and keep up with the
latest new. But then, communicating through the Net can be
frustrating at times. The system may crash. Worse still, without
the emotional cues of face-to-face communication, the typed
words sometimes seem difficult to interpret.
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Unit4 Text B
Mother’s Mad about the Internuts
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Language Points:
1. be/get hooked on (L. 4)
be very keen on and absorbed in 对…入迷
– My aunt is hooked on package holidays in Spain.
– Last year, he was hooked on motorcycles; but now,
he is hooked on cars.
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Syn: Be addicted to
• off the hook: Fig. freed from an obligation. (be ~;
get ~; get someone ~; let someone ~.)
– Thanks for getting me off the hook. I didn't want to attend
that meeting.
• hook (sb) up with sb: To meet or associate; to
become romantically or sexually involved with
someone.
– We agreed to hook up after class.
– I hooked Alice up with Tom last year, and now they're
getting married.
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4. Worldwide (L.12)
• Adj. adv.
• 1) found in or spread over all parts of the world
• 2) international
– An increase in average temperature by only a few degrees
could cause environmental problem worldwide.
– The scientist enjoyed worldwide fame for his great
contribution.
– This is a worldwide problem of terrorist networks.
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• 5. cquaintance (L.16)
• 1) Knowledge or information about something or someone
(略微)了解;感性认识
– I have some acquaintance with French, but I don’t know it well.
– I am afraid that I have only a nodding acquaintance with his works.
• 2) Person who knows less intimately than a friend 熟人 ,
相识
– An acquaintance of mine who lives in England and had never been
outside until last summer, decided to go over to France for a trip .
• Have a nodding acquaintance with 对…略知一二,与某人
有点头 之交
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• Make sb’s acquaintance / make the acquaintance
of sb 结识某人;与某人相见
– I made his acquaintance when I was working on a farm.
• Acquaint vt. 知道 告知,使熟知
– He acquainted me with the change of the plan.
– 他告诉我计划变更一事
• Acquaint sb/oneself with 使…熟悉或了解….
• Be/ get / become acquainted with 与(人)相识,
熟知某事物
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• 6. Scatter (L.16)
• 1) To cause to separate and go in different
directions(使…)散开
– The soldiers came in and scattered the crowd.
– The boys scattered, screaming in horror.
• 2) put or throw in different direction or here and
there 撒,散布
– The farmer scattered the corn in the yard .
• be scattered to the four winds: (literary) if a group
of things or people are scattered to the four winds,
they are sent to different places which are far
away from each other
– Our hopes and plans are scattered to the four winds.
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• 7. Outwards (L.16)
• Adv. Also outward (US)
• 1) away from home or from the point from which
one started 离家,离开出发地
– A train traveling outwards from London.
• 2) towards the outside 向外
– The two ends of the wire must be bent outwards.
• outward adj. 外出的;外面的;言行表露的(相
对于内心感受的)
– An outward journey, the outward appearance, an outward
show of confidence
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• 8. Vehicle (L. 16. )
• 1) A device or structure for transporting persons or things
交通工具,车辆
– The launch vehicle lifts the satellite into the orbit.
– 运载火箭把人造卫星送入轨道 。
• 2) A medium through which something is transmitted,
expressed, or accomplished 传播媒介、手段、工具
– Language is the vehicle of human thought.
– The film seems to be little more than a vehicle for its director and star.
– 电影似乎不过是其导演和明星吸引大众注意力的一种手段而已.
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• 9. Overnight (L.27)
• adj during or for the night
• adv. on the night before; for, during the
night
–
–
–
–
We stayed overnight with my mother.
The book was an overnight success.
become rich overnight
succeed overnight
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• 10. On the whole (L.33)
• all things considered, in general 总的看来,大体
上
– The weather this month has been good on the whole.
– On the whole, I prefer to listen to popular music.
• Syn: generally speaking
•
in general
•
overall
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• 11. Tendency (L.35)
• 1) turning or inclination, leaning 倾向,趋势
• 2) disposition; temperament (性格上的)倾向
–
–
–
–
How can we combat this permanent tendency towards inflation?
Paid-email service becomes the general tendency on the internet.
His tendency to exaggerate is well-known.
His tendency to utter bitter and sharp remarks alienated(疏远) his
roommates.
• have a tendency to/towards
• have a tendency to do
• v. tend
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• 12. Slip (L.48)
• 1) go or move quietly or quickly (in, out , away) 溜
走,偷偷地走
– She slipped away without being seen.
• 2) fall or almost fall because of losing the balance
滑倒 ~ (over) (on sth)
– She slipped over on the ice and broke her leg.
• Let sth slip无意中说出…;错过或放过(机会等)
– She let slip it that she was expecting a baby.
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• 13. Plot (L.57)
• 1) plan or outline of the events of, a story esp. of a novel or
drama 情节
– The film had an exciting plot.
• 2) Secret plan; conspiracy 阴谋
– A plot was hatched with secrecy.
– 一个阴谋在暗中策划着。
– Two men formed a plot to rob the bank.
• The plot thickens. Things are becoming more complicated
or interesting.
– he police assumed that the woman was murdered by her ex-husband,
but he has an alibi. The plot thickens.
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• 14. To one’s knowledge (L.57)
• as far as one knows personally 据…所知
– To our knowledge, he is an honest and reliable.
– In this town there are only a couple of restaurants to my
knowledge.
• come to sb’s knowledge (fml) 被某人知道
– It has come to my knowledge that more and more young
people have been become Neets.
• With/without sb’s knowledge 告知/背着某人
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• 15. Call forth (L. 59)
• bring into action or existence; give rise to使产生,
引出
– Great crises often call forth gifted leaders. .
– His behavior called forth numerous protests.
•
•
•
•
Call on 呼吁;鼓起(勇气等)
call in 召来;召回
call up 打电话给…; 唤起(回忆)
call off 取消;把…叫开(使停止攻击)
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Key to exercise
Comprehension check
1. c
2. a
3. a
4. b
5. d
6. c
Language Practice
1. vehicle
2. hooked on
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3. intense
4. communication
5. worldwide
6. overnight
7. individual
8. slipped
9. version
10. on the whole
11. called forth
12. outwards
13. acquaintances 14. Needless to say
15. to my knowledge 16. On top of that
17. innocent
18. tendencies
19. plot
20. Scattered
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Thank you~~~
(全新版)大学英语 BOOK TWO
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