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1
Words and Expressions—Word Using
2. participate in
to take part in or become involved in an activity
Translation
• 班里的每个人都应该积极参加这些讨论。
• 他们希望有机会参与决策制定。
Key
• Everyone in the class is expected to participate
actively in these discussions.
• They wanted opportunities to participate in the
decision-making process.
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1
Words and Expressions—Word Using
3. pessimistic a.
expecting that bad things will happen in the
future or that something will have a bad result
Translation
• 我对未来感到极其悲观。
• 这听起来像是本末倒置，是不必要的悲观。
Key
• I am deeply pessimistic about the future.
• This may sound like putting the cart before the
horse and being unnecessarily pessimistic.
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1
Words and Expressions—Word Using
4. worship vt.
to admire and love someone very much
Translation
• 我们都要有崇拜的英雄，无论他们是运动员、
电影明星还是政治家。
• 我小时候崇拜我哥哥。
Key
• We all want heroes to worship, be they
sportsmen, film stars, or politicians.
• As a child, I worshipped my older brother.
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1
Words and Expressions—Word Using
5. spur vt.
to encourage someone or make them want to
do something
Translation
• 我们鼓励他们做出更大的努力。
• 是当地报纸上一篇文章最终促使他采取了行动。
Key
• We spurred them on to greater efforts.
• It was an article in the local newspaper that
finally spurred him into action.
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1
Words and Expressions—Word Using
6. drown vt.
1) to have a very strong feeling or a serious
problem that is difficult to deal with
Translation
• 这个国家债台高筑。
• 我们被数据包围，可是却缺乏信息。
Key
• The country is drowning in debt.
• We were drowning in data but starved of
information.
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1
Words and Expressions—Word Using
6. drown vt.
2) to die from being under water for too long,
or to kill someone in this way
Translation
• 他们的船在暴风雨中翻了，淹死了48个人。
• 昨夜有一个男孩在河里淹死了。
Key
• Forty-eight people have drowned after their
boat overturned during a storm.
• Last night a boy was drowned in the river.
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1
Words and Expressions—Word Using
7. exploit vt.
to use something well in order to gain as much
from it as possible
Translation
• 你可以利用已有的才能。
• 我们需要确保尽可能充分地利用资源。
Key
• You can exploit a talent which you already
possess.
• We need to make sure that we exploit our
resources as fully as possible.
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Words and Expressions—Word Using
8. idle a.
not working or producing anything
Translation
• 一半的工厂在停工。
• 汽车厂的关闭使数千人无事可做。
Key
• Half these factories are now standing idle.
• Thousands of workers are idle now that the car
factories have closed.
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Words and Expressions—Word Using
9. bore vt.
to make someone lose interest and become
tired and impatient
Translation
• 我就不拿这些技术上的细节来烦你了。
• 那部冗长的小说烦死我了。
Key
• I won’t bore you with all the technical details.
• The long novel bored me to death.
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1
Words and Expressions—Word Using
10. sustain vt.
1) to make something continue to exist for a
period of time
Translation
• 他发现自己无法维持对那份工作的兴趣。
• 这位演讲者成功地使听众的注意力保持到了最后。
Key
• He found that he couldn’t sustain his interest in
the job.
• The speaker succeeded in sustaining the
listeners’ attention right to the very end.
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1
Words and Expressions—Word Using
10. sustain vt.
2) to give someone strength, energy or hope
Translation
• 一顿丰盛的早餐能维持我们一天的精力。
• 整个审讯过程中，他家人的支持使他得以支撑下去。
Key
• A good breakfast will sustain us through the day.
• Throughout the trial he was sustained by the
support of his family.
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Words and Expressions—Word Using
11. minute a.
very small
Translation
• 擦痕很轻微，几乎看不清。
• 不应让他们被这些琐碎的事压垮。
Key
• The scratch was almost too minute to see.
• They shouldn’t be loaded down with minute and
unimportant details.
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Words and Expressions—Word Using
1
12. single-minded a.
someone who works with you as a beginner
a. + n.–ed
e.g.
具有什么特征的
blue-eyed
light-hearted
kind-hearted
open-minded
broad-minded
cold-hearted
good-natured
near-sighted
gray-haired
single-handed
Words and Expressions—Word Using
4 1
13. desperate a.
1) needing or wanting something very much
2) very worried and willing to do anything to
change a bad situation
Translation
• 他急需一份工作养家糊口。
• 失踪者的家人越来越绝望。
Key
• He is desperate for a job to support his family.
• The missing man’s family are getting increasingly
desperate.
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1
Words and Expressions—Word Using
14. desperately ad.
extremely; very
Translation
• 她非常希望自己的文章能被发表。
• 我非常孤独。
Key
• She desperately wanted her article published.
• I was desperately lonely.
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Words and Expressions—Old to New
II. Old to New
encourage
make sth. more quickly
magnificent
tired
very small
not working
admire
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
spur
hasten
imperial
bored
minute
idle
worship
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1
Words and Expressions—Old to New
a secret plan
oppose or disapprove
lawyer
• plot
• object
• attorney
very much
• desperately
make sth. dirty
• contaminate
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Words and Expressions—C to E
1
III. Chinese to English
冒险；有……风险
• run a/the risk
指控；控告
• accuse sb. of sth.
忠于
• remain/be true to
开除；解雇
充其量；至多
• throw out
• at best
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Words and Expressions—C to E
1
碰到、遇到
• come on/upon
关系密切
• be intimate with
付出代价
• pay for
做某事很困难
结果
• be hard-pressed to
• end up
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1
Idea Sharing
Tips for translation:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
《五彩缤纷》的刘导：Director Liu from Multicolor
嘉宾：distinguished guest
中央电视台的春节晚会：CCTV Spring Festival Gala
普通人： a(n) ordinary/common person
签名：signature
影迷：fans
演艺圈：entertainment circle
是是非非：gossip
冷冷清清的过日子：live in peace
委托我们全权代理：authorize us to be your representative
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1
Idea Sharing
Tips for translation:
• 我们就是吃这碗饭的：That’s just our work.
• 对售后服务进行摸底：ask sb. for feedback on after
service
• 神通广大：powerful
• 起诉：sue sb.
• 名誉权：reputation right
• 三炒两炒把你炒红了：You’ll become famous again with
those negative reports.
• 沾你的光：count on you
• 我也得吃饭：I have to survive.
• 特别走红：very hot
Structured Writing
Practical Writing
4
Structured Writing
1
I. Structured Writing
One of the writing techniques we can learn
in Section A is to write a paragraph of a
general statement supported by details.
Sample
4
Structured Writing
1
1. A Sample
Curiously enough, it is those who fail that reap
the greatest reward: Freedom! ①They enjoy the
freedom to express themselves in unique and
original ways without fear of losing the support of
fans. ②Failed artists may find comfort in knowing
that many great artists never found fame until
well after they had passed away or in knowing
that they did not sell out. ③They may justify their
failure by convincing themselves their genius is
too sophisticated for contemporary audiences.
① ② ③ — Details
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Structured Writing
1
2. Your Task
Write a composition of no less than 120 words
with a general statement supported by details
on the following topic:
Parents Differ from Children in
Their Career Choice
Reference
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1
Structured Writing
Parents Differ from Children in
Their Career Choice
Parents differ from children in their career choice.
The question of who should be responsible for
planning their career often causes problems for
many children. Parents think that they know their
children well enough to decide what kind of job
suits them. They are afraid that their children are
too young to decide their future on their own.
However, many children would argue that they
should be left free to make their own choices.
(To be continued)
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1
Structured Writing
The other aspect of career choice is that parents
and their children are often different in their
opinions of the ideal profession. Parents would
prefer children to choose some professions that
are stable and could bring prestige and economic
benefits. But some children would rather choose
professions that are challenging and require
independent and creative thinking.
4
Practical Writing
1
II. Practical Writing
Letters of Complaint
When you have problems with faulty goods or
services, it is often a good idea to put the details
of your complaint in writing.
4
Practical Writing
1
Letters of complaint usually include the
following stages:
 Background – describe the situation
 Problem – cause and effect
 Solution
 Warning (optional)
 Closing
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1
Practical Writing
General Tips:
 Try to make sure your letter is sent to the right
person or department.
 Try and keep your letter short.
 Be polite as sarcasm or rudeness will not help
your cause!
 Say what you want for your complaint to be
resolved.
 Give a reasonable timetable for action to be
taken before you will consider other options.
 Keep a copy of letters you write.
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1
Practical Writing
Complaint Letter Templates & Sample Letters:
Now that you have learned tips of writing
letters of complaint, the following are general
templates and sample letters.
You may get more details of writing this kind of
letters by learning them.
Complaint letter Templates:
Sample Letters:
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1
Practical Writing
Sample 1
(Addresses are omitted)
Dear Mr. Chang:
On September 10, our order for 280 women S cotton
sweaters was duly received, but we regret to say that 40
cotton sweaters in white color were seriously soiled.
We had the case investigated immediately, and the result
shows the damage was due to improper packing, for which
the suppliers are definitely responsible.
Needless to say, we have suffered a great loss from this, as
we cannot sell the sweaters in this condition to our
customers. We ask you to conduct investigation at your end
and reply to us.
Sincerely yours,
Sunny Lee
Manager
Practical Writing
Sample 2
(Addresses are omitted)
Dear Sir,
I am writing to let you know the deplorable attitude of one of
your staff member. I received my telephone bill for the previous
month from you and thought there were some errors in calculation:
I had been overcharged for two overseas calls.
However, when I called your Complaints Department, the girl
who answered my phone was very rude. For one thing she
interrupted me continually, for another she even said that the fault
was my own. Needless to say, such a way of dealing with
customers is unacceptable.
I would like to suggest that the girl in question should be
disciplined, and instructed on the proper way to deal with clients.
And I hope she can make formal apology to me.
An early response will be appreciated.
Sincerely yours,
Donna
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1
3
4
Writing—Practical Writing
Your Task
You bought a color TV from the Department
Store yesterday. But when the TV set was
sent to your home, you found there was no
image in it. And the receptionist claimed that
they wouldn’t be responsible for it.
Now you write a letter to the sales manager
requiring to replace the TV set within 7
workdays.