What I know or Want to Know
Select 4 people/terms write a statement or question about each.
People
 Republic
 Roman gods/goddesses  Pax Romana
 Patricians
 The Twelve Tables
 Plebeians
 Byzantine Empire
 Hannibal
 Alps
 Julius Caesar
 Roman Architecture
 Augustus Caesar
 Emperor Constantine
Geographically
 Surrounded by
other peoples
 The Far North:
The Gauls
 To the North:
The Etruscans
 To the South:
The Greeks
Etruscan Ideas
 Engineering:
 The Science of Building
 The arch – a half circle
of wedged stones
 Cuniculus –
underground trench
used for irrigation
Etruscan Ideas
 Sporting Events:
 Slave fighting during
funerals
 Later became gladiators
 Chariot races in a
hippodrome
Greek Influence
 Architecture:
 Temples built to the
gods
 Romans used columns
 Improved concrete led
to larger structures
Greek Influence
 Writing:
 The alphabet was
adapted from the Greek
language
 Romans wrote
important information
on buildings
 Roman poetry and
myths were inspired by
the Greeks
Greek Influence
 Art:
 Romans copied the
Greek pottery making
technique
 Monuments built in the
Greek style
 More realistic figures
than the Greeks
Greek Influence
 Mythology:
 Polytheistic practices
 Adopted the Greek gods
but gave them Roman
names
 More concerned with
ritual than stories
Punic Wars - A Series of wars
between Carthage and Ancient Rome
Tiber River - Waterway used by the city
of Rome
Alps - A mountain range near the
northern part of the Italian Peninsula
Column - A Greek Architectural Influence
Etruscans - Empire to the North of
Early Rome
Senate - A law making body of 300
Patricians
Hannibal - A Carthaginian General
who attempted to attack Rome
through the Alps
Republic - A Form of Government
with elected leaders
Consul - One of two leaders of the
Roman Army
Patrician - A Wealthy Landowner in
Ancient Rome
Arch - An Etruscan architectural
influence
Veto - Overrule an Action
Tribune - A Plebian in an advisory role to
the Senate
Romulus - The first king of Rome ( have
have been raised by wolves and killed
his brother)
Plebeian - A lower-class citizen in
Ancient Rome
Response to the
Simulation
(in complete sentences)
1. What was the simulation?
2. Did your group succeed at the task?
3. What was your role in the simulation?
4. What social class did you represent?
5. What is the other social class?
6. What was the most difficult part for you in the
task?
7. What are dangers in a society designed this way?
The Aeneid
 Written by Virgil
 Follows the Hero Aeneas
 He left the city of Troy
upon urging from one of
the gods
 Some gods helps and other
gods hurt Aeneas
 He is finally able to defeat
the rulers and gain control
Romulus and Remus
 The Legend of the founding of
Rome
 Twins and sons of the God
Mars
 Raised by wolves and men
 Found the city of Ancient
Rome
 Remus is killed in a fight
 Romulus becomes the first king
Borrowed ideas
 Etruscan influence:
 Arch
 Sports
 Slave fighting
 Greek Influence
 Column
 Writing
 Art
 Mythology
Classes
Patricians
 Born into wealth and
power
 Ruling members of society
 Formed the Senate
 Led the army as generals
Plebeians
 The lower class
 Carried out wishes of the
patricians
 Unable to move up in the
society
 Served as soldiers in the
army
Early Rome
Kings/
Patricians
Plebeians
Early Etruscan Kings had power and shared it with the patricians
(wealthy upper class). The Plebeians had little power.
The Republic
Plebeians
Patricians
The Patricians overthrew the Etruscan Kings. They took power and
ruled through the Senate. The Plebeians had little to no power.
Rebellion
Plebeians
Patricians
The Plebeians were tired of being taken advantage of. The Plebeians
rebelled and seized control of the army demanding equality.
Political Equality
Patricians
Plebeians
The Twelve Tables were laws written to provide equality for the classes.
Plebeians gained representation in the law making process.
Rome the Republic
 Rome is located in the
center of the Peninsula
 Rome formed a treaty with
surrounding Latin citystates
 The Twelve Table gave the
citizens of Rome freedom
under the law
 Rome began to conquer
north and south
Your group will receive a writing about one of the
people groups in the early Roman Empire.
Please read, discuss, and fill in the chart regarding your
text.
Answer the following questions:
What happened to your people when Rome
expanded?
Did your people have the rights to the Twelve Tables?
Return to your group.
On the provided post-it notes write your name and
answer the following questions:
1 Green: Which people group benefited the most from
the expansion of Rome? How was their life better?
1 Yellow: Which people group suffered the most from
the expansion of Rome? How was their life worse?
Hannibal and Caesar Column
 On your column write Hannibal at the top and Julius
Caesar at the bottom
 Make sure your name and period are on the back
 Use pages 328-331 in your History Alive book
1.
Draw a picture of one of Hannibal’s achievements in the
top.
2. Write a sentence describing that achievement
3. Draw a picture of one of Julius Caesar’s achievements
4. Write a sentence describing that achievement
Julius Caesar
 Read the Reader’s Theater play Kidnapped
 Answer the following questions in 1 paragraph:
 Was Caesar cruel or kind? Give 1 reason from the play for your
choice.
 Would you like to have lived in ancient Roman times? Explain
your answer.
Julius Caesar
 Raised from a patrician
family
 Became a well known
general
 Conquered much of Gaul
 Defeated his rival Pompey
 Became dictator for life
 Passed reforms to help the
poor of Rome
The Ides of March - DEATH
Caesar Augustus
 Julius Caesar’s adopted son
 First official emperor of
Rome
 Created a period of Order in
Rome
 Expanded the control of
Rome
 Added the months of July
and August to the calendar
 Ushered in the Pax Romana,
a period of 200 years of
peace
Roman Emperor Rating
 What was this emperor’s greatest achievement?
 What are two other things this emperor is remembered
for?
 Was there opposition to this emperor? If so, explain
why?
 Give this emperor a rating on a scale of 1-10 (10 being
highest) of greatness. Support your rating.
PSSA Energizers
Select two of the following you would like to repeat.
 Four Corners
 Zombie Tag
 Geography Race
 Team Spelling
 Spell-out
 Team Shapes
 Buzz (Number Game)
 A New Activity
Journal Response
Response in 2-3 Sentences
 What is your average day really like?
Journal Response
Response in 2-3 Sentences
 What would your perfect day look like?
 What is your day really like?
Daily Life
1.
Select a trivia question
2. Find the answer
3. Select the guided notes
4. Answer 1 and 2
5. Find the Station and complete
the picture
Why would a Roman put a little clay foot by a
statue at a temple?
Create an Acrostic Poem
In an acrostic poem, the first letters in each line spell the
topic of the poem.
Today your task will be to create an Acrostic Poem spelling
Roman Empire.
Each line must consist of at least four words and relates to
the Roman Empire
you may include culture, locations, rulers,
achievements, military power, etc.
What is needed for a seed
to grow?
How is a belief like that
seed?
True or False
Abraham moved from Mesopotamia to Canaan
David built the first temple in Jerusalem
According to the Torah 8 plagues were unleashed on
Egypt
According to the Torah: the Exodus is the Hebrew people
leaving Egypt
The stories of Abraham and Moses are found in the Torah
Judaism is a polytheistic religion.
Yohannan Ben Zaccai preserved Judaism by faking his
death
Christianity Setting
 Roman province called
Judea
 Judaism is the major belief
 Caesar Augustus was the
Roman Emperor
 1 Century C.E.
 Modern day Israel
Christianity
 Main Text: The Holy Bible
 Monotheistic Religion
 Jesus of Nazareth
 Christ is Greek for Messiah
 According to Christian writings:
 Jesus was miraculously born
 John the Baptist proclaimed
Jesus as a savior
 Jesus taught in synagogues
 Taught some traditional
Jewish beliefs emphasizing
love and mercy
Christianity
 According to Christian
writings:
 Jesus did supernatural
works
 Jesus claimed to be
equal with God
 He was accused of being
a rebel and killed
 On Sunday, Jesus came
back to life
Jewish Antiquities by Josephus
bk 18 ch 3 p
3
About this time there lived Jesus, a wise man, if indeed one
ought to call him a man. For he was one who performed
surprising deeds and was a teacher of such people as
accept the truth gladly. He won over many Jews and many
of the Greeks. He was the so-called Messiah. And when,
upon the accusation of the principal men among us, Pilate
had condemned him to a cross, those who had first come
to love him did not cease. He appeared to them spending a
third day restored to life, for the prophets of God had
foretold these things and a thousand other marvels about
him. And the tribe of the Christians, so called after him, has
still to this day not disappeared.
Roman Reaction
 Christians refused to admit
that the emperor was a god
 It was made illegal and
Christians were killed
 Christianity held the promise
of a better life after death
 By 300 C.E. there were 5
million Christians
 By the year 392, Christianity
was the official religion of the
empire
How is Christianity like a
seed?
 The seed is like …
 The person who planted the seed is like …
 The water is like …
 The ground is like …
 The sun is like …
 The plant growth is like …
Journal Response
 Respond in 1-2 Sentences:
Who is winning the fight? What
strategies are being used?
Who won in the end? How?
What was the villain’s biggest flaw?
The Fall of Rome
 Time period – about 450 C.E.
 No one is entirely sure of the cause
 Most believe Rome fell for a variety of reasons
 Edward Gibbon is the most famous historian to write
on the fall of Rome
The Fall of Rome
 Cultural Division
 Christianity – took power from the emperor
 Conflicting views with most Romans
 East and West held different values
 Barbarian Attacks




Germanic tribes put Rome under siege
Attila the Hun requested great tribute
Lost North Africa
City of Rome conquered
The Fall of Rome
 Economic
 Inflation – the price of everything went up
 Some people hoarded their money (refused to spend)
 Poor management of Empire funds
 Decay and poison
 The Army was not well supplied and poorly trained
 Corruption in government became more common
 Possible lead poisoning from drinking water
Take out your notebook and pen/pencil
Write down post-apocalyptic movies and books.
What was the goal in these pieces of art?
If you could only save one thing from our culture,
what would that be?