MIDTERM REVIEW
Early Colonial Settlement
O Early forms of representative democracy
Declaration of Independence
O Thomas Jefferson
O John Locke
O Natural rights
O People by the people
O People should change or abolish the
government
O Common Sense
Weakness of A. of C.
O Weak central gov’t
O States had more power
O No president
O Each state made their own money
O 9/13 to pass any law
O All 13 to change the Articles
Great Compromise
O Representation base on population
O Equal representation
O Bicameral
O House of Reps – based on population
O Senate – Equal representation (2 per state)
3/5 Compromise
O Slaves to count for representation
O Slaves not counted
O Slaves will count for
O Taxation
O Representation
Ratification
O 9 out of 13
Federalism
O Division of power between the state and
federal government
O Delegated – federal gov’t powers
O Reserved – State gov’t powers
O Concurrent – Powers they share
Legislative Branch
O Makes
O House of Representatives & Senate
O Impeach the President
O Declare War
O Controls gov’t spending
Executive Branch
O Enforces/carries out
O Commander in Chief
O Chief of gov’t
O Pardons people
O Gives State of Union address
O Makes treaties
O Appoints judges, etc
Electoral College
O Formal election of the President
O Can win popular vote and lose election
O Candidates campaign in populated states
Judicial Branch
O Determining if a law is constitutional or not
O Marbury v. Madison
O Life
O So they are free from political pressure
Checks & Balances
O So one branch doesn’t get too much power
O Veto
O Impeach
O Override veto
O Judicial Review
O President nominates judges & ambassadors
Unwritten Constitution
O Judicial review
O Political Parties
O Cabinet
O Lobbyist
O Political Action Committees
Flexibility
O The first 10 Amendments
O ¾
O “Elastic Clause” – Congress can make laws
to meet the needs of a changing society
O Constitution is the supreme law of the land
O McCulloch v. Maryland
Washington
O Cabinet, two-term tradition
O Political parties would divide country
O Entangling alliances
Federalists v. Anti-federalists
O Federalists
O Strong federal gov’t
O Industry
O For England
O Anti-federalists
O Strong state gov’t
O For France
O Agriculture
Isolationism
O Stay out of foreign affairs
Jefferson
O Louisiana Purchase
O France for 15 million
O New Orleans
O Doubled
O Following the Constitution word for word
O Not following the Constitution word for word
O As a strict constructionist, Jefferson should
have argued against the purchase; used his
treaty making powers
War of 1812
O Impressment
O Short term rise in nationalism
O U.S. survived a major war on their own
Monroe
O Time of peace and prosperity after the War
of 1812
O No new European colonies in the Western
Hemisphere
Jackson
O They got rid of the land requirement to vote
O Giving gov’t jobs to friends, family and
political supporters
Indian Removal
O Worcester v. Georgia
O Indians won case because they had a treaty
with the federal government
O Jackson disregards decision and removes
them
O Trail of Tears – forceful removal of Cherokee
west of the Mississippi River
Tariff Issues
O Tariff of Abominations – 40% tax
O South hated it
O Forces people to buy American goods
O Protects American businesses
Bank
O Got rid of national bank
O Put gov’t money into state banks (pet banks)
Reforms - Abolition
O Movement to end slavery
O Frederick Douglass
O William Lloyd Garrison
O Harriet Tubman
O Harriet Beecher Stowe
Reforms - Inventions
O 1st Industrial Revolution
O John Deere
O Steamboat, & Steam locomotive
O Canal development
Reforms - Religious
O Second Great Awakening
Reforms - Education
O Horace Mann
O Elimination of one room school houses
O Grade levels
O Teacher training
Reforms – Mentally Ill
O Dorothea Dix
O Helped reform prisons and mental
institutions
O Educated people about mentally ill
Manifest Destiny
O God given right to expand sea to shining sea
1. Independent from England
2. War in revolutionary war w/England
3. Bought from France for $15 million
4. Won in war; Treaty of Guadalupe-Hildalgo
5. Bought from Mexico for railroad
6. From Spain in Adams – Onis Treaty
Missouri Compromise
O Missouri enters as a slave state
O Maine enters as a free state
O 36o30’ line is established
Six Causes of the War
O Compromise of 1850
O Kansas – Nebraska Act (Bleeding Kansas)
O Dred Scott Case
O Uncle Tom’s Cabin
O John Brown’s Raid
O Election of Lincoln
O Election of Lincoln
O Preserve the Union
O Gettysburg
O Draft
O Habeas corpus