Stolen from Coach Andrade
Two major movements influenced the thought
and literature of this period: The Renaissance,
mean “rebirth” was characterized by innovations
in art, science, and exploration, and a
rediscovery of long-neglected classical works.
Most of the works were Italian. This movement
began in Italy and spread northward to the rest
of Europe.
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The Renaissance “rebirth” sought to revive the
learning of the Ancient Greece and Rome. It
was a secular movement that encouraged
voyages of discovery and emphasized human
aspiration.
For Europeans:
The world got bigger. Discovery of new
parts of the globe.
Polish scientist, Copernicus, proposed that
the sun and not the Earth was the center of
the solar system.
Two scholars. Erasmus , an Italian scholar,
attempted to reform the Catholic Church.
In Germany, theologian Martin Luther , initiated
a movement called the Reformation. This led to
Protestantism, where Luther stressed the Bible,
rather than the Pope, as a source of authority
and the importance of faith for salvation.
TWO major ENGLISH works of this period are
Shakespeare’s plays (a product of the
Renaissance)and The KING JAMES BIBLE.(a
product of the Reformation.)
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Reformation led to a Religious divisions in
Europe.
Other Discoveries : 3 Renaissance inventions
that changed the world.
Pendulum
Microscope
Telescope
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Renaissance scholars turned to classical
authors for inspiration, and Reformation
thinkers tried to return the Catholic Church
to its original principals.
Renaissance ideas stimulated literacy,
artistic, and scientific achievements in
England.
Influenced by the Reformation, England
became a Protestant country.
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English events must be seen against the
backdrop of these two wider European
movements-and English history certainly was
Dramatic!!!
The Tudor reign begins, consisted of 5
monarchs, grandfather, father and 3 children.
In 1485, Henry Tudor or Henry VII, brought
peace and stability to England.
His Son, Henry VIII, inherited this strong,
stable country. After a while, the Drama
began.
Henry was married to Catherine
of Aragorn who produced a
daughter. (Mary)
• In 1534, Wanted a divorce and the
Church would not grant him one,
so he broke away from the
Catholic Church.
• His church was a Protestant church
of England or the Anglican Church.
• Granted himself the divorce and
married Anne Boleyn. Had a
daughter Elizabeth.
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3rd wife was Jane Seymour (son was Edward
the 6th) , 4th was Anne of Cleves (married only
6 months-mutual divorce), 5th was Catherine
Howard (beheaded for adultery) , and 6th was
Catherine Parr.
The fates of these women are summarized in a
little jingle of the time:
“Divorced, beheaded, died,
Divorced, beheaded, survived.”
Despite his messy home life, Henry VIII is
famous for:
*Creation of the Royal Navy. Became the
greatest and most powerful fleet in the world.
*Put a stop to foreign invasions.
*England started to spread its influence,
language, culture to the rest of the world.
*He wrote poetry, played many different
musical instruments. He was a champion
athlete, hunter, and patronized new
humanistic learning.
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Edward was 9 , when he became King. He
died 6 years later of tuberculosis. He was
somewhat intelligent but rather sickly his
entire life.
IN reality, he never really ruled. Other men in
charge actually ruled the country at that time.
*Remember, she was the oldest daughter of
Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragorn. She was
very Catholic. She was determined to avenge
the wrongs done to her mother.
*She temporarily restored the Pope’s power in
England and hunted down Protestants.
*She made some errors. One was killing 300
Protestants at one time and then marrying a
Spanish prince.
*Luckily, she died of fever only 5 years into her
reign.
*Considered England’s greatest Monarch. She
was very successful in her endeavors.
What Did She Do?
• She restored law and order to a kingdom that
was torn apart by religious war.
• She reestablished the Church of England and
rejected the Pope’s authority.
• She pretended to want to marry certain
suitors in order to keep peace and treaties.
Survived many plots
against her life.
Was the leader when
the Spanish Armada
was defeated off the
coast of England.
She was a beloved
symbol of peace and
source of inspiration
to her people.
She patronized the
arts, theater,
including William
Shakespeare’s acting
group.