What tactic enabled Samuel Gompers to develop
the American Federation of Labor into the largest
labor union in the United States?
A.Allowing women and minorities to join the union
B.Signing up low-wage, unskilled immigrant laborers
C.Lobbying Congress to pass laws limiting the
activities of rival unions
D.Concentrating on higher wages and better
working conditions
D. Concentrating on higher
wages and better working
conditions
What is considered the most significant
outcome of the 1902 anthracite coal strike?
A.Reduced confidence in laissez faire
capitalism
B.Growing public distrust of large
government
C.Expansion of executive branch authority
D.Declining enrollment in labor unions
C. Expansion of
executive branch
authority
How did vertical integration benefit companies such
as Carnegie Steel?
A.Allowing labor unions to participate in decision
making led to fewer strikes
B.Controlling production and distribution processes
increased efficiencies and profits.
C.Investing in the health and education of
employees increased workforce motivation.
D.Including local politicians on boards of directors
ensured a continuation of laissez faire policies.
B. Controlling production and
distribution processes increased
efficiencies and profits.
What technological development of
the mid-19th century most
revolutionized the U.S. steel industry?
A.Electrification
B.Vulcanization
C.Steam Power
D.Bessemer Process
D. Bessemer
Process
How did businesses such as Sears, Roebuck and
Co. transform the late 19th century economy?
A.They expanded the market for consumer
goods
B.They applied new technologies in their stores
C.They advertised the services of new
companies.
D.They employed sales associates in rural
locations
A.They expanded the
market for consumer
goods
Which individual is most closely associated
with an innovation that revolutionized an
entire industry by accelerating production
and dramatically reducing costs and the
need for human labor?
A.Alexander Graham Bell
B.Henry Bessemer
C.Jules Verne
D.Thomas Alva Edison
B. Henry Bessemer
Which late 19th century invention had
the greatest impact on literacy and the
use of public libraries?
A.Braille
B.Typewriter
C.Light bulb
D.Computer
C. Light bulb
“Society advances where its fittest
members are allowed to assert their fitness
with the least hindrance.”
This idea advanced by Herbert Spencer
would be fully embraced by a supporter
of which ideology?
A.Anarchism
B.Marxism
C.Social Darwinism
C. Social Darwinism
During the Progressive Era, which
group immigrated to the United
States for the first time?
A.Chinese
B.German
C.Irish
D.Japanese
C. Irish
The use of barbed wire is most directly
associated with which outcome?
A.The completion of the Union Pacific
Railroad
B.The end of the open range and frontier
C.Increased prospecting and mining
activity
D.Increased demand and production of
steel
B. The end of
the open
range and
frontier
The success of Thomas Edison’s
light bulb was dependent on which
other Edison invention?
A.Electric generator
B.Internal combustion engine
C.Motion picture camera
D.Phonograph
A.Electric
generator
A researcher seeking primary source material on the
massacre of Wounding Knee would likely consider
which of the following to be most authentic and
authoritative evidence on the topic?
A.The highest ranked results of an online search
B.A letter describing an eyewitness account of the
event
C.A public radio interview of a notable historian
D.The textbook for a high school U.S. history course
B. A letter describing an
eyewitness account of the
event
Which of the following factors had the greatest
impact on the development of the United States
industrial infrastructure in the late 19th century?
A.Revolutionary changes in steel production and the
growth of railroads
B.The passage of the Homestead Act and the closing
of the American frontier
C.Restraints on monopolistic business practices and
the legalization of unions.
D.The ideas of Henry George, Edward Bellamy, and
Henry Lloyd
A.Revolutionary changes in
steel production and the
growth of railroads
Which summary of the massacre at Wounded
Knee is most accurate?
A.It provided a rationale for the creation of the
Bureau of Indian Affairs
B.It fostered congressional dialogue that led to
the passage of the Indian Reorganization Act
C.It represented the culmination of the U.S.
government’s military operations against
native peoples.
D.It prompted widespread public hostility
C. It represented the culmination
of the U.S. government’s military
operations against native
peoples.
In this excerpt from the 1896 essay, architect Louis Sullivan
describes certain conditions typical of growing urban
centers of commerce and industry.
…the invention and perfection of the high-speed
elevator make vertical travel, that was once tedious and
painful, now easy and comfortable; development of
steel manufactures has shown the way to safe, rigid,
economical constructions rising to a great height…
Sullivan’s observation relates to which feature of most
large, modern cities?
A. Airports
B. Malls
C. Skyscrapers
D. Suburbs
C. Skyscrapers
How did some late 19th century industrialists
such as John D. Rockefeller react to government
restrictions on their businesses?
A.By developing independent councils to
oversee their stock transactions.
B.By placing their companies under the control
of boards of trustees.
C.By involving labor union leaders in workplace
decisions.
D.By creating new political parties and
personally running for political offices.
B. By placing their
companies under the
control of boards of
trustees.
What factor most contributed to the Great
Chicago Fire’s widespread destruction?
A.Firefighters’ inability to communicate with
recent immigrants
B.The city’s limited water supply due to a
drought
C.Theft of fire department funds by corrupt
politicians
D.Extensive wood-frame construction in
homes and businesses
A.Extensive woodframe construction in
homes and
businesses
In which way did their protest at Chicago’s Haymarket
Square affect the Knights of Labor?
A. The massive gathering of the union’s workers disrupted
public services to such an extent that the federal
government placed limits on the union’s activities.
B. Workers lost confidence in the union’s leadership after
they discovered the union president had given details of
their rally to the police.
C. Union members grew disillusioned as newpapers printed
articles blaming workers for the violence that had
occurred.
D.The union’s emphasis on recruiting immigrant laborers at
the event angerd American born workers, who then joined
the AFL.
C. Union members grew
disillusioned as newspapers
printed articles blaming
workers for the violence that
had occurred.
Early 20th century Progressive reformers
were LEAST concerned with which
problem?
A.Unsafe food processing methods
B.Unhealthy urban living conditions
C.Exploitation of children in the
workplace
D.Deprivation of African Americans’ civil
rights
D. Deprivation of
African Americans’
civil rights
Which of the following factors was
most significant in the development of
labor unions during the 19th century?
A.Working conditions
B.Racial segregation
C.Class discrimination
D.Growing prosperity
A.Working
conditions
Which historic situation is most
comparable to the light bulb replacing oil
lamps?
A.The railroad replacing the automobile
B.Electric engines replacing steam engines
C.Steel production replacing oil production
D.The telegraph replacing the telephone
B. Electric engines
replacing steam
engines
In what significant way did the development of
the incandescent light bulb improve 19th
century urban conditions?
A.It created the possibility of home based
businesses
B.It prompted more immigrants to remain in
large cities.
C.It enabled passenger trains to operate at night
D.It replaced the dirty dangerous gaslight
D. It replaced the dirty
dangerous gaslight
The construction of the Central Pacific
Railroad relied largely on the labors of
which immigrant group?
A.Chinese
B.German
C.Irish
D.Mexican
A.Chinese
In this excerpt from the 1896 essay, architect Louis Sullivan describes
certain conditions typical of growing urban centers in the United States.
…continued growth of population in the great cities, consequent
congestion of centres and rise in value of ground, stimulate an
increase in number of stores; these, successfully piled one upon
another, react on ground values…
Based on this description, which conclusion can a reader most
reasonably draw about urban growth in the United States at that
time?
A. The greatest population increases occurred in the industrial cities.
B. Rising property values in cities stimulated development.
C. The stories of immigrants revealed the hardship of living in the cities
D. Increasing congestion resulted in suburban growth.
B. Rising property
values in cities
stimulated
development.
In this excerpt from the 1896 essay, architect Louis Sullivan describes
certain conditions typical of growing urban centers of commerce and
industry.
…the invention and perfection of the high-speed elevator make
vertical travel, that was once tedious and painful, now easy and
comfortable; development of steel manufactures has shown the way
to safe, rigid, economical constructions rising to a great height…
Sullivan’s observation relates to which feature of most large, modern
cities?
A. Airports
B. Malls
C. Skyscrapers
D. Suburbs
C. Skyscrapers
A condition in which a person or
company cannot pay back debts.
A. Reform
B. Bankrupt
C. Stake
D. Gold Standard
B. Bankrupt
Which action represents a major change
in U.S. policy toward American Indians
after the Civil War?
A.Relocation to distant territories
B.Apportionment of tribal property to
private individuals
C.Peace negotiations with hostile tribes
D.Grants of conditional citizenship
B. Apportionment of
tribal property to
private individuals
Populism:
A. Backing dollars solely with gold
B. Organization that fought for farmer’s
rights
C. A frontier home, usually dug into a hill
or made from sod
D. Political movement that sought
advancement for farmers and laborers.
D. Political movement that sought
advancement for farmers and
laborers.
Why did nativists worry about an influx of immigrants during
the 1880’s?
A. They feared the immigrants would gain control of city and
state governments and encourage even more immigration.
B. They believed the immigrants would receive preferential
treatment from federal government and be given large
tracts of land.
C. They thought the country’s ports could not handle the
increasing number of immigrants as well as an increasing
amount of exports.
D.They considered immigrants from southern and eastern
Europe more difficult to assimilate into American culture
than earlier immigrants.
D. They considered immigrants from
southern and eastern Europe more
difficult to assimilate into American
culture than earlier immigrants.
Inspection station for immigrants
arriving on the East Coast.
A. Ellis Island
B. Angel Island
C. Hawaii Island
D. Jane Island
A. Ellis Island
How did city bosses and their “machines retain
control of city governments despite their
reputations for greed and corruption?
A.By providing aid to citizens in exchange for
political support
B.By developing alliances with state and federal
officials
C.By using police forces to intimidate their
political rivals
D.By establishing local militias to prevent
outside interference
A.By providing aid to
citizens in exchange
for political support
Railroad that crosses the entire
country
A. Transcontinental Railroad
B. Transfixed Railroad
C. Transam Railroad
D. Transformer Railroad
A. Transcontinental
Railroad
During 1850-1900, which group
was most adversely affected by
the spread of mining boomtowns?
A.American Indians
B.Cattle ranchers
C.Eastern merchants
D.Immigrant Laborers
A.American
Indians
Complete control over an
industry
A. Merge
B. Monopoly
C. Robber Barron
D. Collective Bargaining
B. Monopoly
Which quotation was associated with the forced
assimilation of American Indians at the Carlisle
Indian Industrial School?
A.“We all wore white man’s clothes and ate white
man’s food.”
B.“Our labor symbolized nothing, and left us
mentally sluggish in the dusk of the evening”
C.“Humility and charity are the only credentials for
admission.”
D.“It never enters our heads that we can offend
anyone by the expression of love”
A.“We all wore white
man’s clothes and ate
white man’s food.”
Agreement that limited Japanese
emigration to U.S.
A. Gentlemen’s Agreement
B. Chinese Exclusion Act
C. Japanese Exclusion Act
D. Collective Bargaining
A. Gentlemen’s
Agreement
In the development of the steel
industry, which of the following factors
was LEAST significant?
A.The construction of railroads
B.The abundance of natural resources
C.The growth of cities and skyscrapers
D.The invention of the telephone and
typewriter
D. The invention of
the telephone and
typewriter
Urbanization:
A. Program to teach American culture
to immigrants
B. The growth of cities
C. Social reform that helped the poor
D. Illegal use of political influence for
personal gain
B. The growth of
cities
Which development contributed most to a
growing demand for mass produced
clothing during the late 1800s?
A.Widespread distribution of mail order
catalogs
B.Improved working conditions for textile
workers
C.Increased production of cotton and wool
D.Greater acceptance of synthetic fabrics
A.Widespread
distribution of mail
order catalogs
Act that offered free land to
western settlers.
A. Homestead Act
B. Morrill Act
C. Farmer’s Alliance
D. Transcontinental
A. Homestead
Act
As the ending point of most cattle drives
and the home of legendary frontier figures
Wyatt Earp, Bat Masterson, and Doc
Holliday, what Kansas location is most
often associated with the Wild West?
A.Dodge City
B.Lawrence
C.Topeka
D.Wichita
A.Dodge City
Merit system implemented for civil
service hiring
A. Patronage
B. Emigration
C. Social Gospel Movement
D. Pendleton Civil Service Act
D. Pendleton Civil
Service Act
The U.S. Cavalry’s buffalo soldiers shared what
experience with most other African Americans
of their time?
A.They earned respect for their skill and valor.
B.They were segregated because of their race
C.They were beneficiaries of affirmative action
D.They were not permitted to own property
B. They were
segregated because of
their race
D. The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Tragedy
In their work with immigrants,
settlement houses mailed
addressed which need?
A.Occupational skills
B.Spiritual guidance
C.Affordable housing
D.Cultural adjustment
D. Cultural
adjustment