Juan Luna – known for exceptional
talent in art and is considered one of the
great masters of filipino painting
-
First recognized
artist
filipino
is a celebration of everyday
life in the Philippines.
Amorsolo’s Works
-
Luna’s Works
-
-
-
-
Spoliarium (1884)- depicts
the
aftermath
of
a
gladiatorial battle in ancient
Rome.
The
Blood
Compactdepicts the Sandugo, a
blood
compact
ritual
performed in 1565 between
the
Spanish
explorer
Miguel Lopez de Legazpi
and the chieftain Sikatuna
of Bohol.
The Battle of Lepanto- is a
vivid portrayal of the naval
battle that occurred in the
Gulf of Lepanto, which took
place in 1571 pitting the
Holy League, led by Don
John of Austria, against the
Ottoman Empire.
Tampuhan- A depiction of
two persons staying inside
the sala or living room of a
Bahay na Bato.
Fernando Amorsolo – he was a
renowned Filipino painter known for his
masterful depictions of rural life and
Filipino culture.
-
-
he is often referred to as
the "Grand Old Man of
Philippine Art" due to his
significant contributions to
Philippine visual arts.
he is known for his rural
painting landscapes which
-
-
-
Planting Rice- Fernando
Amorsolo's "Planting Rice"
portrays the labor-intensive
activity of planting rice in
the rural Philippines. In this
artwork, Amorsolo captures
the essence of Filipino rural
life, depicting a group of
farmers, both men and
women, working together
in the rice fields.
On the Way Home- On the
Way Home pays homage
to the workers, both human
and animal alike who work
the lush crop fields from
dawn to dusk.
Fruit
GathererThis
artwork is characteristic of
Amorsolo's style, which
often celebrated the rural
and pastoral aspects of
Filipino life. In "Fruit
Gatherer," he captures the
simplicity and beauty of a
Filipino woman gathering
fruits,
reflecting
the
connection between the
people and the natural
environment
in
the
Philippines.
Palay Maiden- The painting
is a tribute to the
importance of agriculture in
the Philippines. The title
"Palay Maiden" refers to
the rice stalks (palay) that
the woman is holding,
highlighting
the
significance
of
rice
cultivation
culture.
in
Filipino
Site of First Mass
-
March 31, 1521
Limasawa Island
Friar Pedro de Valderrama
Challenges faced
-
Natural Erosion
Tourism Impact
Vandalism and Graffiti
Climate Change
for 40 days a year, reduced to 15 days
in 1884
Rafael de Izquierdo - magnified the
incident and used it as an excuse to
clamp down on those Filipinos who had
been calling for governmental reform.
GOMBURZA
-
Cavite Mutiny - It describes the
uprising of the Filipino troops and
workers at the Cavite arsenal due to the
removal of the privileges: exemption
from the tribute and exemption from
forced labor.
Tribute - was imposed as a sign of the
Filipinos’ loyalty to the king of Spain.
-
paid by between 16-60
years old
Cedula – personal identification paper
-
The
cedula
was
a
certificate identifying the
taxpayer. It recorded his
name, age, birthplace,
marital state, occupation,
place
of
residence,
nationality and sex.
Polo y Servicious - All male Filipinos
from 18 to 60 years of age were
required to give their free labor, called
polo, to the government. This labor was
-
Mariano Gomez, Jose
Burgos, Jacinto Zamora
were tagged as the
masterminds of the Cavite
Mutiny
their martyrdom is widely
accepted as the dawn of
Philippine nationalism in
the 19th century
were publicly executed by
garrote in Bagumbayan in
February 17, 1872.
Age of Exploration – is a period of
competition among European rulers to
conquer and colonize lands outside
their original domains.
Retraction of Rizal
Retraction – a statement saying that
something you said or wrote at an
earlier time is not true or correct.
Father Vicente Balaguer – a Jesuit
missionary who befriended Rizal during
his exile in Dapitan; delivered the
document to Fr. Pio
Father Pio Pi – received the document
from Fr. Balaguer
Archbishop Nozaleda – received the
document from Fr. Pi
Gaspar Castano – few days after
death of Rizal, Castano saw and read
Rizal’s retraction paper wherein the
latter declared himself as Catholic.
Reasons for Retraction
1. To save his family and town from
further persecution.
2. To give Josephine a legal status
as his wife
3. To secure reforms from the
Spanish government
Cry of Balintawak or Pugad Lawin
Pio Valenzuela – claimed that the first
cry took place at Pugad Lawin on
August 23, 1896
Olegario Diaz – stated that the cry took
place in Balintawak on August 25, 1896
Teodoro Kalaw – stated that the event
took place during the last week of
August 1896 at Kangkong Balintawak
Bahay Toro on August 24,
1896
Guillermo Magsangkay – in his
account, the first rally of the Philippine
revolution happened on August 26,
1896 in Balintawak
Gregorio Zaide – identified the cry to
have happened in Balintawak on
August 26 1896
Teodoro Agoncillo – put it at Pugad
Lawin on August 23, 1896
Milagros
Guerrero,
Emmanuel
Encarnacion, and Ramon Villegas –
claimed that the event took place in
Tandang Sora’s barn in Gulod,
Barangay Banlat, Quezon City, on
August 24, 1896.
New proposed date and place where
the cry happened – AUGUST 23, 1896
at PUGAD LAWIN (this is due to the
number articles who claimed the above
mentioned place and date)
Gregoria de Jesus – wife of Andres
Bonifacio
-
in her account, the first cry
happened near Caloocan
on August 25, 1896
Julio Nakpil – second husband of
Gregoria
-
he remembered that the
first cry of Balintawak was
in August 26, 1896 in the
place called Kangkong,
adjacent to Pasong Tamo
Santiago Alvarez – wrote “cry of
Bahay Toro”
-
he believed that the call for
rebellion happened at
Sampalukan, barrio of
Constitution- body of law
State – complete body of free persons
united together for the common benefit
1899- Malolos Constitution
1935- Commonwealth Constitution
1973- Constitutional Authoritarianism
1987- Constitution after Martial Law
Elements of the state (1935 consti)
-
Territory
Citizen
Government
Sovereignty
3 branches of government
Executive – pres; carry out and enforce
law
Legislative – prime minister; alter, make
and repel law
Judicial – head of supreme court;
interpret laws
1899 pres- Emilio Aguinaldo
1935 pres- Manuel Quezon
1973 pres- Ferdinand Marcos Sr.
1987 pres- Corazon Aquino
https://www.slideshare.net/NathalieRa
nin1/the-cry-of-pugadlawin-239004599
https://www.slideshare.net/JhonLloydG
onzalesEst/retraction-of-rizalpptx
https://www.slideshare.net/NathalieRa
nin1/1-the-cavite-mutiny
T
b
ar
T
ra
h
nt
b
esT
ar
@h
ra
hb
nt
ar
F
ol
es
h
yira
@
nt
b
nf
h
F
es
ar
a
ol
h@
ra
nt
yih
b
cnt
T
nf
ar
ol
es
ol
h
ayi
ra
@
le
b
nt
nt
h
gnf
ar
caF
es
ol
e.
h
ra
ol
@
yi
ent
nt
lecb
F
dhnf
ar
es
g
ol
ol
ah
u.
ra
@
e.
b
yi
le
pnt
T
nt
ehg
ar
nf
c
hes
@
d
ra
aol
e.
ol
h
@
yi
u.
nt
nt
eF
le
ol
nf
pdh
ces
gb
yi
a
hol
@
ol
u.
ar
e.
nf
yi
nt
hra
le
p
e
a
nf
c
gol
hant
d
nt
ol
yi
e.
u.
ces
nt
nf
ele
p@
ol
gac
dle
hh
ol
e.
nt
u.
ol
gle
cyi
pee.
dg
hol
enf
e.
u.
lea
d
pge
u.
dnt