GAPAN CITY COLLEGE
City Hall Compound, Bayanihan, Gapan City,
Nueva Ecija, Philippines 3105
General Education Department
Week 1 Module in
PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
Name: ______________________________________
Course, Year & Sec.: ___________________________
Score: ___________/
Date: ____________
Lesson 1:
Communication Processes, Principles and Ethics
I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
a. explain the importance of communication in different contexts;
b. differentiate verbal and non-verbal communication;
c. determine the elements of communication;
d. identify the principles and ethics of communication;
e. express your thoughts about the importance of having an effective communication; and
d. share your ideas on how communication works in solving a problem and in making decisions.
II. CONCEPT NOTES
Communication plays a big role to the everyday life of people and serves a significant purpose, especially
when it comes to sharing of information and establishing unity. People express their ideas, thoughts and
emotions by communicating within themselves and with others. Also, it enables them to build harmonious
relationships regardless of the existing diversity.
Aside from knowing the importance of communication, you also need to learn how it really works and the
things that should be taken into consideration when having communication, such as the processes, principles
and ethics.
To learn more about communication, read and write the following concepts in your Batang Gapan
Notebook.
Types of Communication
1. Verbal Communication - It is a method of sending messages that uses word symbols to represent concepts
and objects and is available in both oral and written forms. It involves having a face-to-face conversation with
others, talking on the phone with someone, attending meetings, giving speeches in programs, and giving
lectures or presentations at conferences.
2. Non-Verbal Communication - It is a type of communication in which messages are sent to another person
via signs, gestures, facial expressions, and other non-verbal and non-written forms.
Elements of Communication
1. Sender - An individual, group, or organization that initiates communication is referred to as a sender. He or
she could be called as the source, encoder, speaker, or communicator.
2. Message - It is an element of communication that is transmitted. It could be the sender's concept, opinion,
information, feeling, or attitude.
3. Channel - It's the path or medium that the message takes to get to its intended destination. It could be
spoken, written, or visual in form.
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Week 1: Purposive Communication
4. Receiver - A person who receives, analyzes, comprehends, and interprets a message is referred to as a
receiver. He can also be called as a decoder, reader, or listener.
5. Feedback - It is the receiver’s response that provides information to the sender. It is the return process in
which the receiver provides both verbal and non-verbal signals to show whether the message is understood
or not.
6. Noise - It is a type of obstructive distortion that occurs throughout the communication process.
7. Context - It is the situation from which the communication is done. It includes settings or environment,
social relations, scenes which include place, time and occasion, and culture.
Five Steps of the Communication Process (Schreiner, 2018)
1. Creation - It is forming the communicative intent where the sender generates and idea. This requires the
individual who is sending the message to decide what he or she wants to say and select a medium through
which to communicate this information.
2. Transmission - The transmission may be as simple as meeting with the intended recipient of the message,
and orally sharing the message, or calling the individual to communicate orally over the phone.
3. Reception - After transmitting the message, the communication duties change hands and fall upon the
receiver of the message. The message is obtained either from the written format that the sender selected or
from listening carefully as the message is delivered orally.
4. Translation - When receiving the message, the recipient must translate the message into terms that he or
she can easily understand.
5. Response - This may be verbal and immediate, which is commonly the case if communication is face-toface. It may also be a written response that either expands upon the message or simply indicates receipt of
the message in question.
Communication Principles
1. Clarity - This is the foremost important principle of clarity. When the speaker or the orator is well informed
of the content, the receiver or the audience will clearly understand the content. The communication message
must be clear so that there is no misconception. Communication may be verbal or written.
2. Attention - The principle of Attention is the second most crucial element of conversation. It is essential to
have a conversation in which the listener feels well attended to and unique. The audience should not feel
neglected and feel at ease. The speaker should try to draw attention to his conversation by involving all the
articles of speech.
3. Feedback - It is crucial to get the review from the clients, friends, family, etc. after you have communicated
with them so that you are aware of their point of view.
4. Informality - The principle of informality means to have informal discussions with your employees,
colleagues, especially at your workplace, to address their concerns and issues. Apart from formal
communication, informal communication is very much needed to make the employees feel at ease.
5. Consistency - The principle of consistency means to be consistent with the speech. It should be compatible
as well as pertinent in delivery.
6. Timeliness - Any communication should not be lengthy because it affects the time of both listeners as well
as the speaker. It should be kept short and simple.
7. Completeness - The principle of adequacy implies that the communication should have adequate
information, and not a single detail should be missed. It should have all the information but in a limited manner.
Considerations in Ethical Communication (Johansen, 16)
1. Ethical Communicators are Respectful of Their Audience.
- Communication is a two-way process. The communicator must consider the audience ideas and feelings
during the interaction.
2. Ethical Communicators Consider the Consequences of their Communication.
- Every communicator must bear in mind that the ultimate aim of communication is to promote the common
good. Communication must be set in a way that conflict is reduced or eliminated.
3. Ethical Communicators Respect the Truth.
- A great deal of the ethics of communication involves a respect for truth. Indeed, as one has put it, the
assumption of truth undergirds the very concept of communication itself: "an inherent end of speech is the
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Week 1: Purposive Communication
communication of belief" (Kupfer 118). If we cannot trust the other party, we cannot accurately judge how to
respond. If we cannot accurately judge how to respond, then our communication becomes increasingly
ineffective.
4. Ethical Communicators Use Information Properly.
- Communicators have the responsibility to give and acquire adequate and accurate information. As an ethical
communicator, a respect for truth means being informed on a topic before posing as any kind of authority on
the subject. We also need to consider the accuracy of the information and the accuracy with which we use it.
When we communicate, we expect people to react in some way to what we say and do. When we use
inaccurate information to influence others, we cause difficulty for them and for ourselves.
5. Ethical Communicators Do Not Falsify Information.
- Worse than the distortion of information is falsifying information. Failing to find information useful to our goals,
we make it up. This is a form of cheating; therefore, it should by all means be avoided.
6. Ethical Communicators Respect the Rights of Others to information.
- A respect for truth and an ethical consideration of others also means respecting the rights of others in regard
to information and access to information. Collecting information is an integral part of the research process, but
stealing information is theft, taking something that does not belong to us. Beyond the personal act of theft,
stealing information is unethical because it prevents other people from securing information and unnecessarily
makes their lives more difficult.
III. ACTIVITIES
Now that you know the concepts of communication, it is time for you to apply what you have learned.
Read carefully the directions of the following activities and write your answer in your Batang Gapan Notebook.
Activity 1. Read each sentence carefully and tell whether it is verbal and non-verbal communication. Write your
answer on the space provided. (10 points)
________________ 1. Her shoulders raised and hunched when her mother asked where she put the coin purse.
________________ 2. Saying “Yo!” to John when Zoey sees him.
________________ 3. Her eyebrows meet upon seeing Beth.
________________ 4. “Don’t worry, Zack is happy wherever he is at now, he can now rest Amy”, says Diane at
the funeral.
________________ 5. The applicant sent a resume on the internet jobs offered.
________________ 6. The Chinese investor of Metal Trading Company offers a great deal.
________________ 7. She folded her arms at her chest to show attention during the conversation.
________________8. Receiving a text “LOL” from someone you don’t know will give you a frowning face.
________________ 9. She smiled widely upon receiving the news that she got the job online.
________________ 10. He calls “wicked” to the old woman who gave birth to him after all the sacrifices and
hardships.
Activity 2. See the pictures below and write a paragraph, consisting of five (5) to seven (7) sentences, about
them. Please be guided by the following questions. (20 points)
A
B
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Week 1: Purposive Communication
1. How will you differentiate the pictures above in terms of communication?
2. If you are in the picture A, how will you maintain the good communication with your workmates?
3. If you are in the picture B, what should you do to solve the problem with your workmates?
4. Why should we be mindful about how we communicate effectively with others?
Content –
Grammar –
15
5
Activity 3. Answer the following question in your own words and in two (2) to three (3) sentences. (10 points)
Content –
Grammar –
7
3
“What is the importance of communication in solving problems and in making decisions?”
IV. REFLECTION
Having good communication is really important as it can help people in discovering things and knowledge
and in building harmonious relationship with others. From this week’s lesson, you may share what you have in
mind by continuing the sentence below.
What I have learned from this week’s lesson is…
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Week 1: Purposive Communication
REFERENCES
Clayton, R. (2022). Unit1: Communication Processes, Principles, and Ethics. PDFCoffee. Retrieved from
https://pdfcoffee.com/unit-1-purposive-communication-pdf-free.html.
Tiwari, S. (2022). Principles of Communication – Definition, Types and Process. DIGIAIDE. Retrieved from
https://digiaide.com/principles-of-communication.
ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
 https://medium.com/@mortegajohnrodolf1/communication-processes-principles-and-ethics9ef04d39d978.
 https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Communication/Intercultural_Communication/Book%3A_Int
ercultural_Communication_for_the_Community_College_(Karen_KrumreyFulks)/01%3A_Chapters/1.02%3A_Communication_Principles_and_Process.
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CSiGs2Fnu38.
Prepared by:
JOHN PATRICK A. GARCES, LPT
Instructor
Gapan City College
Week 1: Purposive Communication