Fontys University of Applied Sciences
Manual of Engineering
Drawing
Workbook
MEA CM1-P1 & MEA CM1-P2
E. Rutjens spring 2015 (Dutch version)
O.van Buul, summer 2015 (adapted English version)
C. Sleeuwenhoek summer 2017 (adapted and equalized Dutch <> English versions)
W. Witteman, Fall 2020
version: 2020, Nov 22
Content: MEA CM1-P1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Isometric drafting
Projection methods
Lines types and styles
Dimensioning
Sectional views
Threads
Threaded Fasteners
Page 3
Page 8
Page 9
Page 10
Page 12
Page 13
Page 15
Content MEA CM1-P2
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Introduction Horizontal Stirling Engine
Upper and lower limits
ISO Limits and fits
Surface Texture
Geometrical tolerances
Tolerances Stacking
Evaluation Horizontal Stirling Engine
2
Page 16
Page 17
Page 20
Page 23
Page 27
Page 29
Page 30
MEA CM1-P1 Lesson 1 :
Isometric drafting
Exercise : 1
Relation to Manual of Engineering Drawing (Chapter 6 page 61-62)
Draw an isometric sketch of the following figure.
Keep the advised paper layout, see lower part of the page.
You must make two isometric drawings scale 1:1.
The upper sketch is the complete figure.
The lower part is a cut out drawing only ¾ is visible from the
upper sketch. As paper format we use A4.
3
4
1.
Third angle projection
Exercise :1
Relation to Manual of Engineering Drawing
(Chapter 6 Figure 6.25 page 69)
Draw the missing views in the figure below. (Third Angle)
5
Exercise 2 :
Relation to Manual of Engineering Drawing
(Chapter 6 Figure 6.23 page 67)
Draw the missing views in the figure below. (First Angle)
See also Chapter 6 page 49
6
Exercise 3 :
Mixed exercises third angle and first angle projection.
First select the type of projection and add/complete the
missing views in the drawing.
7
Exercise 4 :
2D projection
Make a 2D drawing of the picture below. Use third angle
projection. The drawing must consist of 3 views. Add
dimension in these views. Place the dimensions correctly.
Scale for the drawing 1:1. Use A4 as size of the paper.
8
MEA CM1-P1 Lesson 3 :
Line Styles and Types.
All CAD applications contain possibilities to adjust line-types if needed.
This will in most cases be done by the application manager.
Every organization can choose their own preferred settings.
In this case the settings came straight from the default installation.
Scan through the Drafting Preferences of your own NX installation open the
tree and view all possibilities. (leave preferences by “cancel”)
9
MEA CM1-P1 Lesson 4 :
Dimensioning
Exercise 2.6
Part 2.6
Draw the part (in mm) as shown scale 1:1
Include the Top view
Put in all dimensions in the right position
10
Exercise 2.5
Part 2.5
Draw the part (in mm) as shown scale 1:1
Include the Top view
Put in all dimensions in the right position
11
MEA CM1-P1 lesson 4 :
Sectional views
Exercise 1 : Section View
Make a 2D drawing of the figure below.
Make use of the intersections A-A and B-B as indicated in the figure.
The views drawn should be:
Top view
Front view of intersection A-A (start with this one in de middle of your sheet)
Right side view of intersection B-B
Scale of the drawing is 1:1
Paper format is A4 landscape.
Dimension the drawing appropriately.
12
MEA CM1-P1 Lesson 5:
Threads
Exercise 4.3
Part 4.3
A
Fill in the following dimensions :
a = _______ b = _______ c = _______ d = _______
B
Fill in the following diameters :
P = _______ Q = _______
C
Which type of thread is applied on the outside of the bush : ________
D
1 Outside diameter = __________
2 Core diameter
= __________
3 Pitch
= __________
E
1 How wide is the thread runout
= __________
2 What is the maximum diameter of the runout = __________
F
What is the angle of the collar chamfer = __________
G
How many slots does the collar have = __________
H
What is the function of these slots
= _________________________________
I
How is a section view like the A-A view called = ____________________________
13
14
Exercise 4.2
Part 4.2
A
Fill in the following dimensions :
(See the applicable standards)
a = __________ g = __________ m = __________ s = __________
b = __________ h = __________ n = __________ t = __________
c = __________ i = __________ o = __________ u = __________
d = __________ j = __________ p = __________ v = __________
e = __________ k = __________ q = __________
f = __________ l = __________ r = __________
B
Fill in the exact description of the fasteners according to the applicable standards.
(Or use the manufacturers internet sites as mentioned in Lesson 7)
A = _________________________________________
B = _________________________________________
C = _________________________________________
D = _________________________________________
E = _________________________________________
15
MEA CM1-P1 Lesson 7:
Threaded Fasteners
In groups,
What can you buy and where.
Scan the links on the internet.
How it’s made
Producers
http://www.unbrako.com
https://www.nedschroef.com
http://www.stanleyengineeredfastening.com/brands/pop-avdel
https://www.southco.com
http://www.pemnet.com/
Suppliers
https://www.fabory.com/nl
https://www.jeveka.com/nl
How it’s made
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3kxcw08p_oY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UrWs9AFWjsk ned. ondertitel
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DAOg4_FwOCg groot spul
16
MEA CM1-P2 Lesson 1 :
Introduction
Horizontal Stirling Engine
The Horizontal Stirling Engine lets you put into practice what you have
learned in period 1.
The use of sketches and constraints.
The use of features like holes, revolves, extrudes and patterns.
Create 3D models using CAD application NX and the drawings of handout
Horizontal Stirling Engine.
Work in a way that groups of the same entities are kept together in the
feature tree.
(sketch > feature and possibly corresponding patterns)
See to it that all auto dimensions are turned off.
Always use fully constrained sketches.
Hand in every week according to schedule.
A schedule will be provided by the teacher.
For content see Handout.
17
MEA CM1-P2 Lesson 2:
Upper and Lower Limits
http://www.mitcalc.com/doc/tolerances/help/en/tolerancestxt.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineering_tolerance
http://www.wisetool.com/fit.htm
Exercise 1: Fill in the table
Relation to Manual of Engineering Drawing
Deviation see page 283
Nominal
Dimension
Dimension
15
36
55
43
52
60
75
82.5
110
Upper
Deviation
Lower
Deviation
+ 0,5
+ 0,2
+ 0,15
0
0
- 0.2
- 0.10
- 0.25
+ 0.10
- 0.10
+ 0.01
+0.005
+ 0.015
- 0.015
+ 0.10
- 0.25
0
-0.015
Ø 25 ± 0.25
Ø 32 ± 0.015
Table 1
18
Tolerance
Pos. = 1
Neg. = 2
Both = 3
Total
Tolerance
Unilateral = 1
Bilateral = 2
Exercise 2: Fill in the table
Shaft dimension
Hole dimension
Ø 15.0
Ø 15.3
Ø 25.3
Ø 25.5
Ø 31.75
Ø 32.01
Ø 44.75
Ø 43.66
Ø 100.15
Ø100.00
Ø 8.43
Ø 7.99
Ø 55.18
Ø 55.21
allowance
clearance pos. = 1
interference = 2
Table 2
Exercise 3: Fill in the table
Shaft dimension
Ø 25
Ø 75
Ø110
Ø108
0
- 0.2
+ 0.4
+ 0.2
+0.05
+0.02
+0.1
-0.05
Hole dimension
Ø 25
Ø 75
Ø 110
Ø 108
Max.
Limit of
size
hole
+ 0.3
+ 0.1
0
- 0.1
+ 0.10
0
+ 0.25
+ 0.15
Table 3
19
Min.
Limit of
size
hole
Max.
Limit of
size
shaft
Min.
Limit of
size
shaft
Max.
Min.
clearance
clearance
Exercise 4:
State true (T) or false (F) for the following statements:
T
O
F
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
1) When manufacturing products it is unavoidable to get
measurement differences
2) The allowance is called positive when the shaft is larger than
the size of the hole.
3) The tolerance is negative when the difference between the
deviations and the nominal dimension is greater than zero
(0).
4) The tolerance is made of the difference between upper
deviation and lower deviation.
5) The following type of tolerance ± 0.25 is called asymmetrical
6) the size of the tolerances has a severe impact on the cost of
the product?
20
CM2-P2 Lesson 3:
ISO Limits and Fits
Exercise 1: Fill in the table
for fits see table 21.1, page 287/288
Shaft dimension Hole dimension
Ø 50 h6
Ø 50 H7
Ø 25 p6
Ø 25 P7
Ø 122 g6
Ø 122 K7
Max.
Limit
of size
hole
Min.
Limit
of size
hole
Max.
Limit
of size
shaft
Min.
Limit
of size
shaft
Max.
Min.
clearance
clearance
Exercise 2: Fill in the table
Nominal
Value
Upper
Deviation
Lower
Deviation
Measurement
Tolerance
Pos. = 1
Neg. = 2
Ø 45 H6
Ø 6 p6
Ø80 D10
Relation to Manual of Engineering Drawing
Fits see table 21.1, page 287/288
21
Total
Tolerance
Exercise 3: True or False
State true (T) or false (F) for the following statements:
T
F
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
1) Fits are divided in the following kinds: clearance fit, press fit ,
interference fit.
2) International Tolerance grade system makes it possible to
exchange parts always.
3) An interference fit can have a positive and negative
allowance.
4) In the ISO shaft system is the upper deviation is always 0
5) A hole with Ø30H7 has a maximum limit of size of Ø30.025
6) A shaft with Ø55f7 has a maximum limit of size of Ø55.070
Exercise 4: Fill In the correct values below
A technical drawing contains the following annotation: Ø40 H7/n6
Maximum limit of size hole:
Minimum limit of size hole:
Maximum limit of size shaft:
Minimum limit of size shaft:
Maximum clearance:
Minimum clearance:
Total clearance allowance:
……………………
……………………
……………………
……………………
……………………
……………………
……………………
This fit is * a (n): clearance fit,
*delete as applicable
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
transition fit,
interference fit
The same questions for the fits 45f7/45H8
Maximum limit of size hole: ……………………
Minimum limit of size hole: ……………………
Maximum limit of size shaft: ……………………
Minimum limit of size shaft: ……………………
Maximum clearance:
……………………
Minimum clearance:
……………………
Total clearance allowance: ……………………
This fit is * a (n): clearance fit,
*delete as applicable
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
transition fit,
22
interference fit
The same questions for the fits 65h6/K7
Maximum limit of size hole:
Minimum limit of size hole:
Maximum limit of size shaft:
Minimum limit of size shaft:
Maximum clearance:
Minimum clearance:
Total clearance allowance:
……………………
……………………
……………………
……………………
……………………
……………………
……………………
This fit is * a (n): clearance fit,
*delete as applicable
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
transition fit,
interference fit
The same questions for the fits 80H7/p6
Maximum limit of size hole:
Minimum limit of size hole:
Maximum limit of size shaft:
Minimum limit of size shaft:
Maximum clearance:
Minimum clearance:
Total clearance allowance:
……………………
……………………
……………………
……………………
……………………
……………………
……………………
This fit is * a (n): clearance fit,
*delete as applicable
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
transition fit,
23
interference fit
MEA CM1-P2 Lesson 4:
Surface Texture
Exercise 1: Surface roughness questions
State true (T) or false (F) for the following statements:
T
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
F
O
1) The functionality of a product requires specific demands for the
used/applied surface roughness.
O
2) Reducing the surface roughness can lead to substantial increase
of wear and energy loss.
O
3) When measuring the surface roughness the profile of the surface is used.
O
4) For economic reasons the surface requirements should be not higher than
the demands for the functionality of that surface.
O
5) Under surface roughness is understood the irregularity
from a surface, resulting from manufacturing of that plane.
O
6) When determining the surface roughness with an electronic
measuring device, the measured surface roughness Ra is independent of
the selected base length l.
O
7) The surfaces of a press fit should have an average roughness Ra of
3.2 micrometres.
O
8) The surface roughness does not influence the behaviour of the
product during its use.
O
9) The desired roughness value for a
product surface is also determined by the available manufacturing
methods.
O
10) The application of a needle roller bearing (roll surface) needs the
surfaces to have an average roughness Ra value to between 0.025μm
and 0.1 μm.
O
11) Surface roughness is expressed in μm, whereby 1 μm equals
0.0001 mm.
O
12) Using the manufacturing method drill (see figure 26.16 page 381)
the attainable roughness is in between Ra 0.2 μm and 6.3 μm.
24
Exercise 2:
Position all roughness symbols in product 01,02 and 03
Product 01, see figure 1, is produced in large quantities (> 250.000 /year) on an automatic
(CNC) turning machine.
The demands for the surface roughness are:
 For all not indicated areas Ra = 6.3 μm
 area A, Ra = 3.2 μm
 area B, Ra = 0.8 μm.
Position all roughness symbols in the figure below.
01
fig. 1
A
B
25
From product 02, see figure, is given that all not manufactured surfaces must adhere to the
roughness Ra = 12.5 μm.
But added surface roughness off the following are:
 surface A and B, Ra = 1.6 μm
 surface C and D, Ra = 3.2 μm
Put all necessary symbols in the drawing.
2
B
A
C
D
Fig.2
26
On part 03, see figure, which is completely machined, the following surface roughness are
demanded:
 Not indicated surfaces Ra = 3.2 μm.
 Surface A, Ra = 1.6 μm
 Surface B, Ra = 1.6 μm
 Surface C, Ra = 0.8 μm
 Surface D, Ra = 1.6 μm, with an area with an extra operation addition of chrome
with a roughness of Ra = 0.4 μm.
D
Put all necessary symbols in the drawing.
.
03
fig 3
C
A
25
B
27
5
MEA CM1-P2 Lesson 5:
Geometrical Tolerances
Exercise 1: True or False
T
F
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1) Perpendicularity doesn’t need a reference.
2) Using roundness, the largest measured diameter
is applied.
3) Using position tolerances the dimensions are
placed in a frame.
4) A roundness tolerance-field is formed by two
concentric circles.
5) If roundness is applied on a Ø dimension the
deviation field consists of a cylindrical tolerance
field with a given diameter.
6) Coaxiality always uses a reference.
28
Exercise 2.
Indicate the parallelism of the holes (datum needed) in the
figure below. The tolerance is 0.03 mm
Exercise 3.
Describe what the geometrical tolerance indicates in the
figure below.
Description:_________________________________________________________________
|__________________________________________________________________________
|__________________________________________________________________________
|__________________________________________________________________________
|__________________________________________________________________________
29
MEA CM1-P2 Lesson 6:
Stacking of Tolerances
Exercise 1. a Linear addition
Add the dimensions of table 1 linearly
Table 1 Tolerance chain
Dimension 1
Dimension 2
Dimension 3
Dimension 4
25 ± 0,25
50 ± 0,45
60 ± 0,25
35± 0,2
Addition of nominal values:
Tolerance: ±
Opgave 1. b Quadratic addition
Add the dimensions of tabel 1 quadraticly.
Addition of nominal values::
Tolerance: ±
Opgave 1. c Combined addition
Add the dimensions of table 1 for all dimensions the tolerances are at ±4σ (independent),
except dimension 4 which is dependent.
Addition of nominal values:
Tolerance: ±
Opgave 2. a Linear addition
Add the dimensions of table 2 linearly
Table 1 Tolerance chain
Maat 1
Maat 2
Maat 3
50 ± 0,02
30 ± 0.2
60 ± 0.02
Addition of nominal values:
Tolerance: ±
Opgave 2. b Quadratic addition
Add the dimensions of table 2 quadraticaly
Addition of nominal values:
Tolerance: ±
What do you notice?
https://www.vinksda.nl/de-verdeling-van-toleranties/
https://www.vinksda.nl/statistisch-optellen-van-toleranties/
http://www.stat.washington.edu/fritz/Reports/isstech-95-030.pdf
30
MEA CM1-P2 CAD Lesson 7:
Horizontal Stirling
Engine
Evaluation
31