SHS
Disciplines and Ideas in Social
Science
Module 14: Roles and Significance of Filipinos’
Indigenous Social Ideas to National Development
Disciplines and Ideas in Social Sciences
Grade 12 Module 14: Roles and Significance of Filipinos’ Indigenous Social Ideas
to National Development
First Edition, 2020
Copyright © 2020
La Union Schools Division
Region I
All rights reserved. No part of this module may be reproduced in any form without
written permission from the copyright owners.
Development Team of the Module
Author: Bernadette A. Aspiras, Dexter P. Dacanay
Content Evaluator: Jermie B. Sotero
Mario B. Paneda, Ed.D., EPS in Charge of Araling Panlipunan
Language Reviewer: Belen C. Aquino, Ph.D., EPS in Charge of English
Editor: SDO La Union, Learning Resource Quality Assurance Team
Illustrator: Ernesto F. Ramos Jr., P II
Layout Artist: Ernesto Ortiza Jr.
Management Team:
Atty. Donato D. Balderas, Jr.
Schools Division Superintendent
Vivian Luz S. Pagatpatan, Ph.D
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
German E. Flora, Ph.D, CID Chief
Virgilio C. Boado, Ph.D, EPS in Charge of LRMS
Mario B. Paneda, Ed.D., EPS in Charge of Araling Panlipunan
Michael Jason D. Morales, PDO II
Claire P. Toluyen, Librarian II
Disciplines and Ideas in
Social Science
Module 14: Roles and Significance
of Filipinos’ Indigenous Social Ideas
to national Development
Target
In the previous learning material, you were intimated of the nature
and usages of Sikolohiyang Pilipino and Pantayong Pananaw and you
learned about the 19th century social thinkers and the ideas they advocated
during their time.
In this learning material, we shall continue discussing those social
ideas, but this time in terms of the role and significance they pose to
national development.
Towards the completion of this learning material, you are expected to
attain the learning competency: Evaluate the role and significance of
Filipinos’ Social Ideas to National Development.
Learning Objectives:
1. Explain the impact of the social ideas of the 19th century social
thinkers to our social, socio-political and socioeconomic conditions.
2. Write a poem about any of the following social concerns- nationalism,
social equity, gender equality, poverty, health (pandemic), education,
employment.
3. Value the essence of such social ideas.
1
Jumpstart
Activity 1: Anticipation Reaction Guide
Directions: You are required to agree or disagree with each of the following
statements. Place a check mark (/) on the ‘Before the Lesson Study’ column if
you agree with the statement and cross mark (X) if you don’t. Leave ‘After the
Lesson Study’ column for the latter part of this learning material.
Before the
Lesson Study
Statement
1. Social philosophies of Filipino thinkers who
lived in the 19th century could well be
considered as the indigenous Filipino social
ideas.
2. The social thought of Jorge Bacobo revolved
around a culture-based education that shall
nurture the nationalism and patriotism in
every Filipino in preparation for a life filled
with all the liberties and freedom.
3. Andres Bonifacio spoke on his poem about
the love one could extend to his motherland as
the ultimate kind of love.
4. Emilio Jacinto was branded as the “Father
of the Katipunan”, and his social idea revolved
around social equity and equality.
5. Camilo Osias’ social idea revolved on the
importance of value-ridden education for the
honing of a well-rounded personality of the
Filipino youth.
6. Isabelo Delos Reyees believed that the
primary purpose of education is to develop the
individual to his highest efficiency so that he
can be of use to himself and to the community.
7. It was Jose Rizal who advocated the most
number of social ideas.
8. Indigenous social and socio-political ideas
have influenced the social, socio-political and
socio-economic changes in the Philippines.
9. The socio-political ideas of Jose Rizal have
impacted greatly our present socio-political
conditions in the Philippines.
10. Rafael Palma advanced Filipino Socialism
and the first to have talked about activism.
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Before the
Lesson Study
Activity 2: Matchy, Matchy!
Directions: Match Filipino thinkers on column A to the possible contemporary
event or phenomenon on Column B.
A
B
1. Jose P. Rizal
A. Academic Freedom
2. Andres Bonifacio
B. Increased literacy rate
3. Jorge Bacobo
C. Right to suffrage to Filipino women
4. Emilio Jacinto
D. Fearless Nationalism
5. Camilo Osias
E. Education for all
6. Rafael Palma
F. Mother-tongue-based Instruction
G. Poor welcomed in Malacañang Palace
Discover
Indigenous social ideas, what could they be? How indigenous are they? Are
these thoughts as indigenous as the pre-colonial beliefs and institutions?
In the previous learning material you were intimated with the social
thoughts of Filipino thinkers who lived in the 19th century and their social
philosophies could well be considered as the indigenous Filipino social ideas
because they were conceived during that period and that before them in the precolonial period, there were no records of well-grounded and documented ideas.
Those social ideas were advanced by Filipino thinkers as Jose Rizal, Jorge Bocobo,
Andres Bonifacio, Emilio Jacinto, Camilo Osias, Isabelo de los Reyes and Rafael
Palma.
Before we look into the role and significance of these thoughts, let us go back
to the gist of their social ideas, and they are as follows:
1. Jorge Bocobo. His social thought revolved around a culture-based education
that shall nurture the nationalism and patriotism in every Filipino in preparation
for a life filled with all the liberties and freedom that one so desires.
2. Andres Bonifacio. Andres Bonifacio did not have as much writing as has Jose
Rizal but his one social thought embodied in his poem are worth it all. The poem is
evident of the nationalistic stance of Andres Bonifacio, where he spoke about the
love one could extend to his motherland as the ultimate kind of love.
3. Emilio Jacinto. Branded as the “Brains of the Katipunan”, Emilio Jacinto’s
social idea revolved around social equity and equality. If we are to mention of the
lines he wrote, it goes, “whether their skin be dark or white, all human persons are
equal; one may be superior in knowledge, in wealth, in beauty, but not in being
more human.” We continue, “The worth of a person is not in being a king, not in
the shape of his nose, nor in being a priest, representative of God, nor in the
loftiness of the position he holds on this earth. That person is pure and truly
noble, even though he was born in the forest and knows no language but his own,
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who is possessed of good character, is true to his word, has dignity and honour,
who does not oppress others nor help their oppressors, who knows how to feel for
and care for his native land” (https://www.thought.com/emilio-jacinto-of-thephiippines-95646
4. Camilo O. Osias. According to this man, “school has an important role in the
dynamic nationalism and internationalism in relation to democracy in the
education of the youth” and he believed that “our education should instil love for
work, spirit of tolerance, respect for law, love for peace and practice thrift.” Simply
put, his social idea revolved around the importance of value-ridden education for
the honing of a well-rounded personality of the Filipino youth.
5. Rafael Palma. This man advanced the thought about academic freedom.
According to him, “The teacher should not dramatize. He has no right to impose on
his students neither his theories nor his personal belief. He is expected to
stimulate free discussion, leaving to his students the choice of the system of
thought which satisfies their reason.”
He also advocated that “the primary
purpose of education is to develop the individual to his highest efficiency so that he
can be of use to himself and to the community.”
6. Isabelo delos Reyes. Don Belong as he was fondly called then advanced
Filipino Socialism and the first to have talked about activism.
7. Jose Rizal. Among the renowned Filipino indigenous social thinkers, it was
Jose Rizal who advocated the most number of social ideas. As enunciated in his
poem “Sa Aking Mga Kabata”, he advocated for Filipino nationalism; in his essay
“The Philippines A Century Hence, he advocated for good education, liberties and
reforms; in his Noli Me Tangere, to name a few, his thoughts about negative social
circumstances like colonial mentality and abuse of power and authority were very
evident; commending the efforts of the Filipino women to educate themselves as
enunciated in his “Letter to the Yong Women of Malolos”, and a lot more.
After that very comprehensive review of the social ideas of the cited social
thinkers, let us ponder on these thoughts and analyze on whether or not they have
impacted the national development of the Philippines.
Has these ideas on
education, social equity and equality and socio-political ideas of nationalism,
reforms and liberties have any significance at all to the national development of the
Philippines? Because they are just mere ideas, did and do they play any role in the
realization of progress and development in our country?
Generally, these indigenous social and socio-political ideas have influenced
the social, socio-political and socio-economic changes in the Philippines
particularly from the transition of the Philippines from a colonized country to being
proclaimed as an independent one.
Specifically, the ideas mentioned earlier have indeed been of significance,
and let us discuss each according to the impact each ideas has had as a matter of
national development. We start off with the educational thoughts.
First and foremost, Jose Rizal’s cries for the grant of education to the indios
during the Spanish colonial period must have ushered in a new beginning to the
Filipinos because when the Americans came over, they accorded parochial (now
regarded as Diocesan schools) as well as free public education to the people.
4
While it was true that colleges were instituted under the Spanish rule,
education then was more of a privilege for the moneyed class. With the grant of
education for all, more Filipinos have been blessed with the chance to be informed,
thus become more participative in government undertakings.
Taking Jorge Bocobo’s advocacy for a culture-based education, this idea
must have influenced the now localization and contextualization of our K-12
curriculum. True to what Mr. Bocobo has philosophized, the localization of the
curriculum could be helping to sustain the sense of nationalism and patriotism of
the people because now, the learners are given the opportunity to recognize and
appreciate locally-grown and produced materials in aid of satisfying their subject
requirements. In addition to this, the curriculum today allows the use of the local
vernacular as a medium of instruction and in this manner, the Filipino students
are taught to value their own tongue over and above the foreign languages.
For another, Camilo Osias’ educational legacy has been carried on because
the literacy rate in the country has since been going up, from the dismal 20% rate
before World War 1 (ILA News 2015), we now have 98.18% (marcotrends.net
Retrieved 11-08-2020) and this goes to show that we now have more Filipinos who
have been intimated with Filipino values which they could apply in their lives,
more people who have been made aware of their rights and responsibilities as
Filipinos who are in return expected to be responsible citizens.
Lastly, Rafael Palma’s and Jose Rizal’s advocacy about Academic Freedom is
now embodied in Section 9, paragraphs 1, 2, 7, 8 and 9 of the (Philippine)
Educational Act of 1982. It is as provided for in the 1986 Philippine Constitution,
Article 14, section 5 paragraph 2 which states “Academic freedom shall be enjoyed
in all institutions of higher learning.” Today, as we must observe, the educational
system in the institutions of higher education has become more liberal thus honing
to the maximum, the capacities of the Filipino youth who are now contributing to
local as well as national development. Also, at the present time, corporal
punishment, which was once used to students who were not able to comply with
school requirement, is already prohibited in schools as it (corporal punishment) is
believed to humiliate rather than motivate the learner.
With regards the thought about social equity and equality advanced by
Emilio Jacinto, and Filipino Socialism advocated by Isabel Delos Reyes, this is now
enunciated in Article 2, Section 10, which says “the state shall promote social
justice in all phases of national development.” Their socialistic thought was
actually pro poor. Earlier on, during the term of then President Ramon Magsaysay,
rich and poor alike were welcomed to the Malacañang Palace, a move which proved
that regardless of the socio-economic status of the people, everyone was regarded a
Filipino citizen who deserves equal treatment by the government. There are also
numerous governmental programs which are intended to alleviate the living
condition of the marginalized and streamlined Filipinos. These are as well provided
for in the 1987 Philippine Constitution, like Article 2, Section 9, 15, 18, 21, and 22.
The inclusion of the lesser fortunate Filipinos in the implementation of
governmental programs is tantamount to recognizing their participation in nationbuilding.
Going to the socio-political ideas of Jose Rizal, they have impacted greatly
our present socio-political conditions in the Philippines. For instance, reforms were
gradually implemented with the likes of restructuring the three branches of the
government from being occupied by the colonizers and now held by Filipinos and
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the grant of rights or liberties to the people which is now embodied in the 1987
Philippine Constitution like the most basic right- the right to life, liberty and
property, which could be read in Article 3, Section 1 thereof. The commendation he
accorded to the young women of Malolos must have paved the way for the grant of
the right of suffrage to the Filipino women during the 1937 plebiscite which decided
whether or not the Filipino women were to be allowed to exercise their right of
suffrage. This resulted to the election in 1941 of Elisa Ochoa to be a member of the
Philippine Congress then. This marked the beginning of women’s participation in
the national development which is also now provided for in Article 2, Section 14 of
the 1987 Philippine Constitution.
We cannot, of course, discount the fact that the Filipino brand of fearless
nationalism must have been taken after that of Jose Rizal and Andres Bonifacio.
The might of the pen was evident in their writings which prodded or enjoined the
people to act as one Filipino nation and cease to toil as individuals. We have since
witnessed a united endeavour among Filipinos. Of late, we have witnessed that as
a Filipino nation we are able to fight the widespread devastating effect of the health
crisis in the Covid19. Although there could be isolated instances of individuals
who are stubborn enough to do otherwise, it has still been generally a national
effort to combat Covid19. Sense of nationalism has also been manifested at these
trying times through the efforts of our more fortunate fellow Filipinos in extending
unparalleled help in the form of financial as well as ‘in kind’ to the incapacitated and
lesser fortunate Filipinos who must have been inflicted with the dreaded disease.
Exuding care and concern for our fellow Filipinos is tantamount to according love
to out motherland.
Explore
Here are some enrichment activities for you to work on to master and
strengthen the basic concepts you have learned from this lesson. Don’t
hesitate to go over the lesson.
Activity 3: You Complete Me!
Directions: Complete the table by jotting the information needed. The first column
on the table below will be the Filipino social thinkers. Second column will be their
philosophical/social thoughts and on the third column are the impacts of their
thoughts in the society.
Filipino Thinkers
Thought (s)
6
Impact to the Society
Activity 4: I Think….Therefore!
Directions: Answer the question accurately, briefly and concisely. A rubric is
provided below to evaluate your write up.
Question: Of all the philosophical or social thoughts of Filipino thinkers
mentioned, what for you are the three most thought that impacted the Philippine
society a lot?
Deepen
Activity 5: Poetic Me!
Directions. If you were to write a social thought at this point and time,
what would you write about? Reduce that thought into a five-stanza poem.
The topic shall revolve around any of the following social issues today nationalism, social equity, gender equality, poverty, health (pandemic),
education, employment. A rubric below will be used to evaluate your output.
Rubrics for Scoring the Output
RUBRICS
1
2
3
4
5
The work
is
organized
The work
is very
organized
Content
is clear
and
factual
Content is
very clear
and
factual
ORGANIZATION
The work
is not
organized
Organization
is expressed
minimally
The work
is
organize
but
limited
KNOWLEDGE
Content is
not clear
and
factual
Content is
expressed
minimally
correct
Content
is clear
and
factual
but
limited
Process questions:
1. Why is that your social thought?
2. How will it affects you and your society?
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Gauge
Activity 6: Anticipation Reaction Guide
Directions: You are required to agree or disagree with each of the following
statements. Place a check mark (/) on the ‘After the Lesson Study’ column if you
agree with the statement and cross mark (X) if you don’t.
Before the
Lesson Study
Statement
1. Social philosophies of Filipino thinkers who
lived in the 19th century could well be
considered as the indigenous Filipino social
ideas.
2. The social thought of Jorge Bacobo revolved
around a culture-based education that shall
nurture the nationalism and patriotism in
every Filipino in preparation for a life filled
with all the liberties and freedom.
3. Andres Bonifacio spoke on his poem about
the love one could extend to his motherland as
the ultimate kind of love.
4. Emilio Jacinto was branded as the “Father
of the Katipunan”, and his social idea revolved
around social equity and equality.
5. Camilo Osias’ social idea revolved on the
importance of value-ridden education for the
honing of a well-rounded personality of the
Filipino youth.
6. Isabelo Delos Reyees believed that the
primary purpose of education is to develop the
individual to his highest efficiency so that he
can be of use to himself and to the community.
7. It was Jose Rizal who advocated the most
number of social ideas.
8. Indigenous social and socio-political ideas
have influenced the social, socio-political and
socio-economic changes in the Philippines.
9. The socio-political ideas of Jose Rizal have
impacted greatly our present socio-political
conditions in the Philippines.
10. Rafael Palma advanced Filipino Socialism
and the first to have talked about activism.
8
Before the
Lesson Study
Activity 7: Final Q & A!
Directions: Answer the following questions accurately, briefly and concisely. A
scoring rubric will be used to evaluate your output.
1. How will you show your appreciation to Filipino thinkers?
2. As a Filipino youth, what are the practical ways that you could offer to
achieve our country’s development goals?
3. What should be your best focus in achieving any goals in life?
Scoring Rubric
Points
Description

10


8



6
4
2









Learner’s understanding of concept is clearly
evident
Learner uses effective strategies to get accurate
results
Learner uses logical thinking to arrive at a
conclusion
Learner’s understanding of concept is evident
Learner uses appropriate strategies to get
accurate results
Learner shows thinking skills to arrive at
conclusion
Learner has a limited understanding of a
concept
Learner uses strategies that are ineffective
Learner attempts to show thinking skills
Learner has a lack of understanding of concept
Learner attempts to use a strategy
Learner shows little understanding
Learner has a complete lack of understanding
of concept
Learner makes no attempt to use a strategy
Learner shows no understanding
Activity 8: Fill Me In!
Directions: Complete the following statements by supplementing the correct
word/phrases on the space provided for each item.
1. A culture-based education that shall nurture the nationalism and patriotism
in every Filipino in preparation for a life filled with all the liberties and
freedom that one so desires is a social thought of __________________________
2. Emilio Jacinto’s social idea revolved around __________ and __________.
3. According to Camilo Osias, ______ has an important role in the dynamic
nationalism and internationalism in relation to democracy in the education
of the youth.
4. Jose Rizal’s work __________________________ enunciated his commendation
to the efforts of the Filipino women to educate themselves.
9
5. Isabelo Deles Reyes advanced Filipino Socialism and the first to have talked
about ________.
6. __________________ advanced the thought about academic freedom.
7. Andres Bonifacio’s poem spoke about the love one could extend to his
motherland as the ____________________.
8. Indigenous social and socio-political ideas have influenced the _____, _______
and ________ changes in the Philippines.
9. Jose Rizal’s cries for the grant of education to the ______ during the Spanish
colonial period must have ushered in a new beginning to the Filipinos.
10. Philippine Constitution, Article 14, section 5 paragraph 2 states that
“_____________ shall be enjoyed in all institutions of higher learning”.
10
References
Printed Materials



Halili, Maria Christine N.
Philippine History.
(2004)
Manila,
Philippines. Rex Bookstore.
Lazo, Ricardo S. Philippine Governance and the 1987 Constitution.
(2009) Manila, Philippines. Rex Bookstore.
Zaide, Gregorio. Jose Rizal: Life, Works and Writings. (1984)
Manila, Philippines. National Bookstore.
Links
 https://www.thought.com/emilio-jacinto-of-the-phiippines-95646 )
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https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/101111/1467-839X.00054
https://www.betterwoldbooks.com/product/detail/el-folk-lorefilipino-971542038
https://peoplepill.com/peopl/isabelo-de-los-reyes/
https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/majvalentino/filipinophilosophers
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/292071586_Family_Ties_a
nd_Socio-Economic_Outcoees_in_High_vs_Low_Income_Countries
https://www.brighthubeducation.com/homework-helpliterature/122053-themes-and-historical-value-in-the-book-noli-metangere/
http://library.fes.de/pdf-files/buers/philipinen/50067/.pdf
https://www.aacap.org/aacap/policy_statemetns/1988/coporal_puni
shment_in_schools.aspx
https://www.net/mobile/AleyanCels/education-actof1982
https://www.macrotrends.net/countries/PHL/philippines/literacyrate
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