September 15, 1935 national
election for the new official of
the soon to
government of the
Commonwealth of the
Philippines.
3 main Political Parties
N a t i o n a l i s t Party
Manuel L. Quezon (president)
Sergio Osmena (vice president)
N a t i o n a l SocialistParty
Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo(P)
Meliza (V-P)
R e p u b l i c a n Party
Bishop Gregorio Aglipay (P)
Norberto Nabong(V-P)
November 15, 1935
Quezon and Osmena were elected as
President and Vice President. Was sworn
in as president of
the
Philippine Commonwealth by Chief
Justice Ramon Avancena.
Quezon’s Policies
“ more government and less policies”
• he adopted programs with regard to
social justice, education and economic
betterment to provide domestic stability.
• He shall build a government that will be
just, honest, efficient and strong in order
to satisfy not only the passing needs of
the hour but also the
exacting demands of
the future.
Government Survey
Board
P r o g r a m ofGovernment
T o make changes in all 3 branches of
the government.
-to extend the civil service
-to classify & standardize
government
positions.
-to appoint American advisers on
education, taxation, military affairs
and others
New offices and bureaus were
created like:
C o u n c i l of National Defense
B o a r d of NationalRelief
M i n d a n a o and Sulu Commission
C i v i l BoardAppeals
Social Justice Program
C o u r t of Industrial Relations
N a t i o n a l Rice and Corn Corporation
Agricultural and Industrial Bank and
Farmers Cooperative
N a t i o n a l Sugar Board
N a t i o n a l ReliefAdministration
Commonwealth Act No. 20
Commonwealth Act No.
20
• Quezon authorized the institution of
expropriation proceedings and/or
acquire large landed estates to resell
the at nominal cost and under easy
terms to tenants.
Education
F r e e primary education to be givento
Filipino children
C r e a t e d National Council of Education
headed by Dr Rafael Palma
Vo c a t i o n a l education was taught in
rural high schools.
P r i v a t e SchoolLaw
C r e a t i o n of
Office of Adult
Education
N a t i o n a l Language
Security Concerns
• National Defense Act (NDA)
=
this law established the
Philippine Army (PA)
--DUTIES—
Organizing, training and
maintaining internal peace and
order and the protection of the
country from external attack
• December 8, 1941
Japan launched a surprise attack on
the Philippines.
M a n i l a was declared open city to
prevent its destruction and it was
occupied by the Japanese on January 2,
1942
S e c o n d PhilippineRepublic
--Jose P. Laurel
Hukbalahap
-- People’s Army Against the
Japanese
• October 20,1944
--American Douglas McArthur’s army
landed on Leyte
• August 1945
-- Japan surrendered
• April 1946
--Election followed
--Manuel Roxas win as a President and
Elpidio Quirino as V-President(May
28,1946 –
July 4,1946)
Prepared by:
Jarahdyne B. Gealon