September 15, 1935
national election for the new
official of the soon to
government of the
Commonwealth of the
Philippines.
3 main Political Parties
Nationalist Party
Manuel L. Quezon (president)
Sergio Osmena (vice president)
National Socialist Party
Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo(P)
Meliza (V-P)
Republican Party
Bishop Gregorio Aglipay (P)
Norberto Nabong(V-P)
November 15, 1935
Quezon and Osmena were elected
as President and Vice President. Was
sworn in as president of the
Philippine Commonwealth by Chief
Justice Ramon Avancena.
Quezon’s Policies
“ more government and less policies”
• he adopted programs with regard to
social justice, education and
economic betterment to provide
domestic stability.
• He shall build a government that will
be just, honest, efficient and strong
in order to satisfy not only the
passing needs of the hour but also
the exacting demands of the future.
Government Survey
Board
Program of Government
To make changes in all 3 branches of
the government.
-to extend the civil service
-to classify & standardize
government
positions.
-to appoint American advisers on
education, taxation, military affairs
and others
New offices and bureaus were
created like:
 Council of National Defense
 Board of National Relief
 Mindanao and Sulu Commission
 Civil Board Appeals
Social Justice Program
 Court of Industrial Relations
 National Rice and Corn Corporation
 Agricultural and Industrial Bank and
Farmers Cooperative
 National Sugar Board
 National Relief Administration
 Commonwealth Act No. 20
Commonwealth Act No.
20
• Quezon authorized the institution
of expropriation proceedings
and/or acquire large landed
estates to resell the at nominal
cost and under easy terms to
tenants.
Education
Free primary education to be given
to Filipino children
Created National Council of
Education headed by Dr Rafael Palma
Vocational education was taught in
rural high schools.
Private School Law
Creation of Office of Adult Education
National Language
Security Concerns
• National Defense Act (NDA) =
this law established the
Philippine Army (PA)
--DUTIES—
 Organizing, training and
maintaining internal peace and
order and the protection of the
country from external attack
• December 8, 1941
Japan launched a surprise attack
on the Philippines.
Manila was declared open city to
prevent its destruction and it was
occupied by the Japanese on January
2, 1942
Second Philippine Republic
--Jose P. Laurel
Hukbalahap
-- People’s Army Against the
Japanese
• October 20,1944
--American Douglas McArthur’s army
landed on Leyte
• August 1945
-- Japan surrendered
• April 1946
--Election followed
--Manuel Roxas win as a President and
Elpidio Quirino as V-President(May
28,1946 –
July 4,1946)
Prepared by:
Jarahdyne B. Gealon