Classification of
Matter
What is Matter?
 Matter
is defined as anything that
has:



air_are considered matter;
light is not
Matter is Made up of Particles

The particle theory states:

1) All matter is made of up tiny
____particies_______________
Matter is Made up of Particles

3) Particles are always _moving_ The more
energy the particles have, the _faster they move
(the more heat involved, the faster the movement)

4) There are attractive forces between particles. The
closer the particles are, the stroger_ these
forces are
Weaker forces
Stronger forces
The 3 States of Matter: Solid




Molecules are very tightly packed
__weak attactiver forus
Have a def__________________ shape and
volume
Very _iltltle__ movement of particles: they will
only vibrate
Cannot be compressed; has a _very strong
attractivier fouser shape and volume
The 3 States of Matter: Liquid




Molecules are not very tightly packed
________________________
Have a _________________ volume
Do not have a _____________ shape (liquids will
conform to whatever container they’re put in)
Particles _____sprend and move
it_____________each other easily
The 3 States of Matter: Gas




Molecules are very far apart from each other
__________________________
____________ have a definite volume or shape
Particles can ____________________________
Particles can _____________to fit a container
Video

Here’s a guy with a cool British accent to explain
it to you in video form:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bMbmQzV-Ezs
State Changes

By adding or removing energy from a substance,
we can change its state
Solid
Liquid
Gas
State Changes
Gas
Solid
Liquid
Wake Up!
Indicate the state or states that apply to the following statements:

Has a fixed volume but can change shape
 l

Most empty space between individual particles
 a

Particles are only able to vibrate

s

Particles can be compressed


Particles can move against the force of gravity

How Do We Classify Matter?
pure sub
mixter
h m/s
h
m
Pure Substances

Pure substances are substances that
only contain _1 kind
o___________________

There are two types of pure
substances:

1) Elements

2) Compounds
Pure Substance #1: Element

Elements are pure substances that cannot be
___broken down_into a simpler form

They will always have the __________________
(i.e. every piece of sodium in the world behaves
the same chemically)

Every element has its own __________________

***Hint: If you can see it on the _____________
it is an element!***
Examples of Elements
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
Aluminum
Hg
Mercury
Hg
Hg
Hg
Hg
Hg
Notice that both elements are only made up of one particle
but the particles for each are different. This also makes their
____________________________________different too!
Pure Substance #2: Compound

Compounds are pure substances that contain
_2 or more________elements chemically
combined together

They will always have the _same
compsition____(i.e. water is always H2O; its
formula is always the same)

A compound’s properties are _very differnt than
the properties of the elements that make it up

A compound can only be separated into its
individual elements through __chemical
Examples of Compounds
H
O
H
H
O
Water
1 water (h2o) partical
2 hyadngons
Na Cl
Salt
Salt
Na Cl
H
Element or Compound?

Magnesium (Mg)
e

Glucose (C6H12O6)
c

Sulfur (S)
e

Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)

Neon (Ne)

Steel (Fe3C)
c
Mixtures

Mixtures involve the physical
combination of ___________________

There are two types of mixtures

1) Homogeneous aka solutions

2) Heterogeneous
Mixture #1: Homogeneous

Contains only 2 or more pure substanices__

The pure substances are blended together so
that they look like ____one singlesubstansices

You can separate the substances in a mixture
using a _________________________________
(dissolving, evaporating, etc.)
Examples of Homogeneous
Mixtures / Solutions
Many pure substances physically
mixed together to appear as one
single substance
(water, sugar, etc.)
Coffee
Many pure substances physically
mixed together to appear as one
single substance
(water, sugar, etc.)
Apple Juice
Mixture #2: Heterogeneous

Contains __2 or more visible substansice
______________________________

The pure substances are combined in such a way that
all of them are still separately visible to the eye

You can separate the substances in a mixture
using a __physical chage

(dissolving, evaporating, etc.)
Examples of Heterogeneous
Mixtures
Water and oil physically
mixed together (you can see
multiple components in this
mixture)
Water and Oil
Many pure substances physically
mixed together where you can
see multiple components
Pizza
Homogeneous or Heterogeneous?

Bubble tea (with tapioca)

Granola bar

Blood
he
ho
ho
ho

Gatorade

Orange Juice (without pulp)

Orange Juice (with pulp)
hoom
he
Summary
Homework

***Quiz – ___________________________


Physical/Chemical Changes
Classification of Matter