Senior High School
Oral Communication
Quarter 1 – Module 1
Nature and Process of
Communication
Oral Communication – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
First Quarter- Module 1: Nature and Process of Communication
First Edition, 2020
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Published by the Department of Education
Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Development Team of the Module
Writer: Jane Aikeen A. Villaver
Editor: Desiree T. Roberts
Reviewers: Dr. Clavel D. Salinas
Marivic M. Yballe [Moderator]
Illustrator: Niña Rose dela Cerna
Layout Artist: Jane Aikeen A. Villaver
Management Team:
Dr. Marilyn S. Andales
Dr. Leah B. Apao
Dr. Ester A. Futalan
Dr. Cartesa M. Perico
Dr. Mary Ann P. Flores
Mr. Isaiash T. Wagas
Dr. Clavel D. Salinas
Schools Division Superintendent
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
CID Chief
Education Program Supervisor – LRMDS
PSDS/SHS Division Coordinator
Printed in the Philippines by:
Department of Education, Region VII, Division of Cebu Province
Office Address: IPHO Bldg. Sudlon, Lahug, Cebu City
Telefax: (032) 255 - 6405
E-mail Address: cebu.province@deped.gov.ph
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Senior
Senior
High
High
School
School
Oral Communication
Quarter 1 – Module 1
Nature and Process of
Communication
iii
Key Message
For the Facilitator:
Learning is a constant process. Amidst inevitable circumstances, Department
of Education extends their resources and looks for varied ways to cater your needs
and to adapt to the new system of Education as a fortress of Learning Continuity Plan.
One of the probable solutions is the use of Teacher-made Educational Modules in
teaching.
You are reading the Oral Communication – Grade 11: First Quarter
Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on “Explain the functions, nature and
process of communication (EN11/12OC-Ia-2)” as written and found in the K-12
Most Essential Learning Competencies.
The creation of this module is a combined effort of competent educators from
different levels and various schools of Department of Education-Cebu Province. In
addition, this module is meticulously planned, organized, checked, and verified by
knowledgeable educators to assist you in imparting the lessons to the learners while
considering the physical, social, and economical restraints in teaching process.
The use of Teacher-made Educational Module aims to surpass the challenges
of teaching in a new normal education set-up. Through this module, the students are
given independent learning activities, which embodies in the Most Essential Learning
Competencies based on the K-12 Curriculum Competencies, to work on in accordance
with their capability, efficiency, and time. Thus, helping the learners acquire the
prerequisite 21st Century skills needed with emphasis on utmost effort in considering
the whole well-being of the learners.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body
of the module:
Notes to the Teacher!
This part of the module gives you helpful
tips, suggestions or strategies that will
make the learning process easy and
efficient to the learners.
As the main source of learning, it is your top priority to explain clearly on how
to use this module to the learners. While using this module, learner’s progress and
development should be recorded verbatim to assess their strengths and weaknesses
while doing the activities presented independently in safety of their homes. Moreover,
you are anticipated to persuade learners to comply and to finish the modules on or
before the scheduled time.
iv
For the Learner:
As a significant stakeholder of learning, Department of Education researched
and explored on innovative ways to address your needs with high consideration on
social, economic, physical, and emotional aspects of your wellbeing. To continue the
learning process, DepEd comes up with an Alternative Delivery mode of teaching
using Teacher-Made Educational Modules.
You are reading the Oral Communication – Grade 11: First Quarter
Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on “Explain the functions, nature and
process of communication (EN11/12OC-Ia-2)” as written and found in the K-12
Most Essential Learning Competencies.
This module is especially crafted for you to grasp the opportunity to continue
learning even at home. Using guided and independent learning activities, rest assured
that you will be able to take pleasure as well as to deeply understand the contents of
the lesson presented, recognizing your own capacity and capability in acquiring
knowledge.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
The first part of the module will keep the
learners on tract on the Competencies,
WHAT I NEED TO KNOW Objectives and Skills expected to be developed
and mastered.
WHAT I KNOW
WHAT’S IN
This part aims to check prior knowledge on the
lesson to take.
This part helps link the previous lesson to the
current one through a short exercise/drill.
WHAT’S NEW
The lesson to be partaken is introduced in this
part of the module creatively. It may be through
a story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity, a situation or the like.
WHAT IS IT
A brief discussion of the lesson can be read in
this part. It guides and helps unlock the lesson
presented.
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WHAT’S MORE
A comprehensive activitiy/es for independent
practice is in this part to solidify knowledge and
skills of the given topic.
This part of the module is used to process
WHAT I HAVE LEARNED learning and understanding on the given topic.
WHAT I CAN DO
A transfer of newly acquired knowledge and
skills to a real-life situation is present in this part
of the module.
This activity assesses the level of mastery
towards the topic.
ASSESSMENT
ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES
In this section, enhancement activities will be
given to further grasp the lessons.
ANSWER KEYS
This contains answers to all activities in the
module.
At the end of this module you will also find:
References:
Printed in this part is a list of all reliable and valid resources
used in crafting and designing this module.
In using this module, keep note of the fundamental reminders below.
1. The module is government owned. Handle it with care. Unnecessary
marks are prohibited. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering all
the given exercises.
2. This is a Home-Based class, your reliability and honor in doing the
tasks and checking your answers are a must.
3. This module helps you attain and learn lessons at home. Make sure
to clearly comprehend the first activity before proceeding to the next
one.
4. This module should be returned in good condition to your
teacher/facilitator once you completed it.
5. Answers should be written on a separate sheet of paper or notebook
especially prepared for English subject.
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If you wish to talk to your teacher/educator, do not hesitate to keep in touch with
him/her for further discussion. Know that even if this is a home-based class, your
teacher is only a call away. Good communication between the teacher and the
student is our priority to flourish your understanding on the given lessons.
We do hope that in using this material, you will gain ample knowledge and skills
for you to be fully equipped and ready to answer the demands of the globally
competitive world. We are confident in you! Keep soaring high!
vii
WHAT I NEED TO KNOW
Good day dear learner!
This module is solely prepared for you to access and to acquire lessons befitted
in your grade level. The exercises, drills and assessments are carefully made to suit
your level of understanding. Indeed, this learning resource is for you to fully
comprehend the functions, nature, and process of communication (EN11/12OCIa-2). Independently, you are going to go through this module following its proper
sequence. Although you are going to do it alone, this is a guided lesson and
instructions/directions on how to do every activity is plotted for your convenience.
Using this learning resource, you are ought to Explain the functions, nature,
and process of communication (EN11/12OC-Ia-2) as inculcated in the K-12 Most
Essential Learning Competencies.
At the end of Lesson 1, you are expected to achieve the following objectives:
 define communication
 identify the elements of communication
 discuss the nature of communication and
 demonstrate sincerity and honesty in accomplishing the
different tasks
1
LESSON 1
The Nature and Elements
of Communication
WHAT I KNOW
FACT OR FICTION?
A. Directions: In this activity, you are to identify
whether each statement is a fact or fiction. You
write the word of your answer on a separate
sheet of paper. Are you ready? Let’s get started!
________ 1. Communication can be verbal or B.
nonverbal.
________ 2. It can happen anytime and anywhere.
________3. Its process is only one way.
________ 4. It occurs between two or more people (the speaker and the receiver).
________ 5. All the elements of communication may not be present in one communicative activity.
MIX AND MATCH!
B. Directions: Rearrange the letters in the correct order to make a
word. Then, find its description on the other side. Write only the
letter of the correct answer.
1. EVREICER_____________
a. sender of the message
2. ASESMGE_____________
b. the means to deliver the message
3. PAEKESR_____________
c. recipient of the message
4. KACBDEFE____________
d. hindrance to communication flow
5. NANELHC_____________
e. information or thoughts conveyed
f. reaction or reply
LET YOUR THOUGHTS BE KNOWN!
B. How was the activity? What do you think is
communication? Why do we need to communicate?
(5 points)
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
____
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WHAT’S IN
Let’s play a little game and see if you get it right!
PICTURE SHOW!
A. Directions: Below are the different pictures of
communication activities. Tell me what each picture is
showing. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. ___________________________
2. ___________________________
3. ___________________________
4. ___________________________
B. Answer the following:
 What have you observed among these pictures?
 What do these pictures try to convey?
 What do they have in common?
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
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WHAT’S NEW
SHARE YOUR THOUGHTS AND EXPERIENCE!
How was your stay at home vacation? Have you enjoyed your time bonding with your family?
From doing household chores to exchanging ideas while working on your plans and projects, are some
of the moments you can make this quarantine period. The time you spend with your parents, siblings,
and loved ones is one of the greatest gifts you can give them.
So today, I want you to recall a conversation with your family that you think is memorable.
Were you able to effectively communicate your message? How did you do it?
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
___________________________________________
WHAT IS IT
Get to know more about communication by reading the following information:
Key Takeaways
Communication is a process of sharing and conveying messages or information from one
person to another within and across channels, contexts, media, and cultures (McCornack, 2014). There
is a wide variety of contexts and situations in which communication can be manifested; it can be a faceto-face interaction, a phone conversation, a group discussion, a meeting or an interview, a letter
correspondence, a class recitation, and many others.
Nature of Communication
1. Communication is a process.
2. Communication occurs between two or more people (the speaker and the receiver).
3. Communication can be expressed through written or spoken words, actions (nonverbal), or both
spoken words and nonverbal actions at the same time.
4
Elements of Communication
1. Speaker – the source of information or message
2. Message the information, ideas, or thoughts conveyed by the speaker in words or in actions
3. Encoding – the process of converting the message into words actions, or other forms that the
speaker understands
4. Channel – the medium or the means, such as personal or non-personal, verbal or nonverbal, in
which the encoded message is conveyed
5. Decoding – the process of interpreting the encoded message of the speaker by the receiver
6. Receiver – the recipient of the message, or someone who decodes the message
7. Feedback – the reactions, responses, or information provided by the receiver
8. Context – the environment where communication takes place
9. Barrier – the factors that affect the flow of communication
WHAT’S MORE
SPARK YOUR CREATIVITY!
A. Directions: After learning about the
fundamentals of communication, it is now time to let
your creative juices flow by accomplishing this
word map.
Define in your own words
Give its synonyms
COMMUNICATION
Use it meaningfully in a sentence
WHAT’S ON YOUR MIND?
Draw a picture of it
How are you doing? Are you still up for another challenge?
B. Directions: Think of one fact that you learned about
communication and share it with everyone through a
Facebook post.
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WHAT I HAVE LEARNED
PAUSE AND REFLECT!
Directions: Reflect on what you have learned after
taking up this lesson by completing the chart below.
What were your thoughts or ideas about the nature of communication prior to the
discussion of this lesson?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
What new or additional ideas did you learn after taking up this lesson?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
WHAT I CAN DO
Directions: Read and explain the nature of
communication illustrated in the situation below.
The first one is done for you.
Respond, Engage, Analyze, and Discuss IT!
Situation:
Governor Gwen Garcia issued an Executive Order 17-H reinstituting the border controls as
stated in Executive Order 17, Section 8 and revoking Executive Order 17-D.
Answer:
The situation mentioned about the issuance of Executive Order by the governor herself for strict
compliance. It shows that communication can be expressed not only through spoken words but also
through written forms.
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Situation:
Formal Telephone Conversation
Helen:
Midtown Computer Solutions, Helen speaking. How can I help you?
Ryan:
Hello, this is Ryan Bardos. May I speak with Natalie Jones, please?
Helen:
One moment please - I'll put you through.
Helen:
Mr. Bardos? I'm sorry, Natalie's in a meeting at the moment. Would you
like to leave a message?
Ryan:
urgent.
Yes, could you ask her to call me back as soon as possible? It's pretty
Helen:
Of course. Does she have your number?
Ryan:
8901.
She has my office number, but let me also give you my cell - it's 472-555-
Helen:
Let me read that back to you - 472-555-8901.
Ryan:
That's right.
Helen:
And could you spell your last name for me?
Ryan:
B as in Boston - A - R - D as in dog - O - S as in September
Helen:
Okay, Mr. Bardos. I'll give her the message.
Ryan:
Thanks a lot. Bye.
Your answer:
YourYour
Answer:
Answer
7
ASSESSMENT
That’s great! I’m confident that your skills are improving. You are
now ready to take the assessment!
A. Multiple Choice. Directions: Read each item carefully and write the letter of the correct answer.
1. Which of the following is true about communication?
a. It is a process.
b. It can be verbal or nonverbal.
c. It is discreet.
d. Both a and b.
2. Which term refers to those who listen to a speaker?
a. Audience
c. Listeners
b. Addressees
d. All of them
3. Which is not a form of oral communication?
a. Debates
c. E-mails
b. Speeches
d. Class recitation
4. Which of the following elements of communication is not present in all communication
activities?
a. Speaker
c. Receiver
b. Barrier
d. Message
5. Which of the following refers to the process of converting the message into words, actions, or
other forms that the speaker understands?
a. Expressing
c. Decoding
b. Encoding
d. Interpreting
6. Which of the following is not a channel in the process of communication?
a. Letter
c. Environment
b. E-mail
d. Phone call
7. Anna always ignores the messages of her classmates in the group chat. Which of the following
elements is missing from the group conversation?
a. Participation
c. Feedback
b. Channel
d. Context
8. The following are forms of non-verbal communication except
a. Raising of eyebrows
c. Smiling
b. Frowning
d. Singing
9. Which is not a basic element of communication?
a. Source
c. Destination
b. Language
d. Medium
10. You deliver a message about the importance of having an education to a group of out-ofschool youths. What is the message?
a. You
c. Your voice and language
b. The out-of-school youths d. The importance of having an education
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B. Directions: In a paragraph, write your ideas about the statement below. (5 points)
“Communication is a social interaction through messages.”
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
________
ADDITIONAL ACTIVITY
You’ve reached this far. Congratulations for completing your assessment! Let’s have our final
task to enrich your understanding of the nature of communication.
Directions: Explain the nature of communication by making a list of descriptions that start
with each letter of the word communication.
C
O
M
M
U
N
I
C
A
T
I
O
N
-
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
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LESSON 2
The Process of
Communication
WHAT I NEED TO KNOW
Good day dear learner!
This module is solely prepared for you to access and to acquire lessons befitted
in your grade level. The exercises, drills and assessments are carefully made to suit
your level of understanding. Indeed, this learning resource is for you to fully
comprehend the functions, nature, and process of communication (EN11/12OCIa-2). Independently, you are going to go through this module following its proper
sequence. Although you are going to do it alone, this is a guided lesson and
instructions/directions on how to do every activity is plotted for your convenience.
Using this learning resource, you are ought to Explain the functions, nature,
and process of communication (EN11/12OC-Ia-2) as inculcated in the K-12 Most
Essential Learning Competencies.
At the end of Lesson 2, you are expected to achieve the following objectives:
 identify the steps involved in the communication process
 discuss the process of communication
 illustrate the process of communication in one’s situation
 display honesty and determination in completing all the
tasks
WHAT I KNOW
Hello! What’s up? Today is going to be an
adventure filled with surprises! Come on and
let’s have fun together. Are you ready?
Let’s all close our eyes and imagine how life
would be like if suddenly we could not
communicate in any form. Would it still be
a beautiful life to live?
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I’m sure it would not be a pleasing situation
since communication is part of our lives as
human being. We are born to communicate
our thoughts, feelings, and emotions for
whatever reasons we have. But have you ever
thought of how communication works? In
this lesson, we will dissect the components of
the communication process.
APPROVE OR DISAPPROVE?
Get started and unlock the first challenge!
A. Directions: Draw two thumbs up
if you agree with
the statement and two thumbs down
if you disagree.
_________ 1. The process of communication follows a series of steps.
_________ 2. There will be two parties in the communication process. The first party refers to the
sender and the second party refers to the receiver.
_________ 3. One-way communication process is better than that of a two-way communication
process.
_________ 4. The inclusion of feedback is necessary in the process of communication.
_________ 5. Taking turns in speaking contributes to the successful flow of communication.
_________ 6. Communicating is an isolated series of one skill.
_________ 7. The sender should make sure that the receiver gets the correct message.
_________ 8. Message includes content, structure and style.
_________ 9. Verbal communication does not use words in expressing a message.
_________ 10. A good listener or receiver refers to the message in the following sequence: interpret,
hear, respond and understand.
_________11. To communicate effectively means to identify your target receiver or audience.
_________12. In the communication process, the flow from the receiver to the sender is called noise.
_________ 13. The first step in learning to listen actively is to respond to the speaker.
_________ 14. The use of jargons makes the sender sound smart.
_________ 15. The elements in the communication process determine the quality of communication.
WHAT’S IN
VIEW AND CONNECT!
Keep your eyes wide open and examine the given pictures!
Directions: Scan each picture carefully and do the task that
follows.
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STOP, LOOK AND ANSWER!
 What do the pictures tell about communication?
 What are the different elements of communication that make up the process
of communication?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
WHAT’S NEW
MAKE IT TO COMPLETE IT!
Wait, this one is a tricky path through the lines! Will you be
brave enough to endure the challenge? I know you will.
Directions: Read each statement carefully and fill in the blank with the correct answer to reflect
your understanding of the different steps involved in the process of communication.
1. The ______________ generates an idea.
2. The speaker ____________ an idea or converts the idea into words or actions.
3. The speaker ____________ or sends out a message.
4. The _____________ gets the message.
5. The receiver _____________ or interprets the message based on the context.
6. The receiver sends or provides _________________.
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WHAT IS IT
It’s time to load up your mind with substantial information about the
process of communication.
Noise
The Communication Process
The two common elements in every communication exchange are the sender and the receiver.

The sender initiates the communication. He or she is a person who has a need or desire to
convey an idea or concept to others. On the other hand, the receiver is the individual to whom
the message is sent.

The sender encodes or formulates the idea by selecting words, symbols, or gestures with
which to compose a message.

The message is the outcome of the encoding or formulating, which takes the form of verbal,
nonverbal, or written language. The message is sent through a medium or channel, which is
the carrier of the communication.

The medium can be a face-to-face conversation, telephone call, e-mail, or written report. The
receiver decodes, interprets or understands the received message into meaningful
information.

Noise is anything that distorts the message. Different perceptions of the message, language
barriers, interruptions, emotions, and attitudes are examples of noise.
13

Finally, feedback occurs when the receiver responds to the sender's message and returns the
message to the sender. It allows the sender to determine whether the message has been received
and understood.

The elements in the communication process determine the quality of communication. A
problem in any one of these elements can reduce communication effectiveness (Keyton, 2011).
For example, information must be encoded into a message that can be understood as the sender
intended. Selection of the medium for transmitting the message can be critical because there
are many choices.
WHAT’S MORE
Are you still up for another adventure? Take out your
magnifying glass and be thrilled!
FIND IT AND FOCUS ON THE GOAL!
Directions: In the box, you can find the necessary
elements of communication. Place each element
accordingly in the diagram to show how
communication flows.
Auditory
Message
Channel
Receiver
Encodes
Technology
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Feedback
Decodes
Visual
WHAT I HAVE LEARNED
NOTE IT AND POST IT!
Directions: Answer the question that follows.
Pause for a while and have time to reflect.
Why is it important to get a full grasp of the process of communication?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
_______________
WHAT I CAN DO
CONCRETIZE YOUR IDEAS!
Directions: After learning about the different steps
involved in communication, it’s about time to
illustrate a personal experience, an observation, or
a plan that depicts the process of communication.
Take it on! I am confident that you can get through
this.
Example:
Daphne loves Rico, her suitor, as a friend.
She thinks of how to tell him using their native language.
She tells him, “Rico, mahal kita blang kaibigan.”
Rico hears what Daphne says.
He tries to analyze what she means based on the content and their relationship, and he is
heartbroken.
He frowns and does not say something, because he is in pain.
Your answer:
15
ASSESSMENT
Finally, you are one step closer to your most coveted goal –
to finish your adventure with a bang! Break a leg!
A. MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE
Directions:
Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it is incorrect, change the
underlined word or group of words to make the whole statement correct.
1. The process of communication starts with the sender.
2. The sender is responsible for decoding the message.
3. Cellphones, laptops and televisions are considered as channels in delivering the message.
4. Message can be conveyed through verbal form only.
5. Feedback determines whether the sender and the receiver successfully carried out their individual
task in the communication process.
B. EXPLAIN IT
Directions: Consider the following diagram and discuss the process of communication.
Sender
Msg
Encoding Msg
Channel
Msg
Decoding
Msg
Receiver
Feedback
Context
C. THROWBACK!
Directions: Think of one proud moment in your life wherein you were so excited to tell your mother,
father or guardian. How did you inform him/her? Share it through an illustration.
16
ADDITIONAL ACTIVITY
ASPIRE TO INSPIRE!
Your journey in this lesson is about to end. So, let your thoughts
be known about this quote.
“Communication works for those who work at it!”
-
John Powell
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
17
ANSWER KEYS
LESSON 1
LESSON 2
Notes to the Teacher!
The teacher will check all the
Answers Vary Part.
18
References:
Electronic File
Department of Education. Curriculum and Instruction Strand. K to 12 Most Essential Learning
Competencies with Corresponding CG Codes.
Published Book
Sipaco, P. J., & Balgos, A. R. (2016). Oral Communication in Context for Senior High
E Publishing Inc.
School. C &
Online Sources
Executive Order 17-H. Retrieved from www.sugbonews.com. Retrieved date June 23, 2020.
Formal Telephone Conversation. Retrieved from www.espressoenglish.net. Retrieved date June 23,
2020.
Word Map. Retrieved from https://www.readingrockets.org. Retrieved date June 23, 2020.
Communication: The Process, Barriers, and Improving Effectiveness. Retrieved
https://www.academia.edu/38128400/Lunenburg_Fred_C_Communication_Schoolin
g_V1_N1_2010_pdf. Retrieved date June 26, 2020.
from
The
Communication
Process
Diagram.
Retrieved
from
https://capecommstudies.blogspot.com/2011/10/communication-process.html. Retrieved date June 26,
2020.
Communication
works
for
those
who
work
at
it.
Retrieved
from
https://businessmirror.com.ph/2015/05/03/communication-works-for-those-who-workat-it/. Retrieved
date June 26, 2020.
Image
https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=xWrhdmx2&id=BC40DCA59604633859
B694097AD9FB7274237FF6&thid=OIP.xWrhdmx2TCRXeNLmf7K0_wHaDf&mediaurl=https%3a
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k=E888FF037565488689ABBB3A8D5C0F1B&selectedIndex=4&FORM=IRPRST&ajaxhist=0.
Retrieved date. August 18, 2020.
https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=t9De2YrU&id=E4582C237DCDE5A0A
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For inquiries and feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education, Region VII, Division of Cebu Province
Office Address: IPHO Bldg. Sudlon, Cebu City, 6000 Cebu
Telefax: (032) 255 - 6405
Email Address: cebu.province@deped.gov.ph
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