1. Create a matrix of the Philosophical roots of Education and explain at least one of
these.
PROPONENT
CONTRIBUTION IN EDUCATION
PLATO & ST.
is a teacher-centered educational philosophy that focuses on
PERENNIALISM
THOMAS AQUINAS everlasting ideas and universal truths. To clarify, Perennialism
suggests that the focus of education should be the ideas that
have lasted for centuries believing the ideas are as relevant
and meaningful today as when they were written.
PLATO AND
In idealism, the aim of education is to discover and develop
IDEALISM
ARISTOTLE.
everyone’s abilities and full moral excellence to better serve
society. The curricular emphasis is subject matter of mind:
literature, history, philosophy, and religion. Teaching methods
focus on handling ideas through lecture, discussion, and
Socratic dialogue (a method of teaching that uses questioning
to help students discover and clarify knowledge).
Introspection, intuition, insight, and whole part logic are used
to bring to consciousness the forms of concept which are
talent in the mind. Character is developed through imitating
example of heroes.
EXISTENTIALISM JEAN PAUL SARTRE is a philosophical theory that people are free agents who have
control over their choices and actions Existentialists believe
that society should not restrict an individual's life or actions
and that these restrictions inhibit free will and the
development of that person's potential. To understand
existentialism, it is important to look at examples of
existential actions, questions, and situations. It is also fun to
look at the movie world to see which movies and directors
were famous for their use of existentialism.
ESSENTIALISM
WILLIAM BAGLEY
is an educational philosophy whose adherents believe that
children should learn the traditional basic subjects
thoroughly. In this philosophical school of thought, the aim is
to instill students with the "essentials" of academic
knowledge, enacting a back-to-basics approach. Essentialism
ensures that the accumulated wisdom of our civilization as
taught in the traditional academic disciplines is passed on
from teacher to student. Such disciplines might
include Reading, Writing, Literature, Foreign
Languages, History, Mathematics, Science, Art, and Music.
Moreover, this traditional approach is meant to train the
mind, promote reasoning, and ensure a common culture
PROGRESSIVISM
JOHN DEWEY
It is a pedagogical movement that began in the late
nineteenth century; it has persisted in various forms to the
present. The term progressive was engaged to distinguish
this education from the traditional EuroAmerican curricula of the 19th century, which was rooted in
classical preparation for the university and strongly
differentiated by social class. By contrast, progressive
education finds its roots in modern experience. Most
BEHAVIORISM
IVAN PAVLOV
progressive education programs have these qualities in
common.
Behaviorism can also be thought of as a form of classroom
management. Behaviorists believe that if teachers provide
positive reinforcement, or rewards, whenever students
perform a desired behavior, they will learn to perform the
behavior on their own. The same concept applies to
punishments.
2. In your perspective, what do you is the greatest contribution to the Philippine
education of each historical development/period of colonization? Expound on
these.
- Such a policy was the introduction of the American education system, and so
pervasive and far-reaching was its impact and influence on the life and culture
of Filipinos during and after the colonial era that it is widely regarded as the
"greatest contribution" of American colonialism in the Philippines. The
colonization of the country has led to the development of the country and one
of these developments includes the progress of science and technology in the
country.
1. Formal education and founded scientific educations - Spaniards have introduced
education into the country. Farming methods were also taught. In this era,
universities and colleges were established. With this, we had a glimpse of
education.
2. Study of medicine and Engineering - the Spanish colonization has marked the
start of the study for the following fields.
3. Galleon Trade - The galleon trade has been key for Filipinos to study abroad
making them more knowledgeable most especially about scientific knowledge.
4. Technology - Americans have introduced technology such as television, machines,
telephones, x-rays etc.