Types of Reactions
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Synthesis reactions
Decomposition reactions
Single displacement reactions
Double displacement reactions
Combustion reactions
You need to be able to identify each type.
1. Synthesis
Example C + O2
C + O O

O C O
C

CO2
+
O2
General:
A + B  AB
Ex. Synthesis Reaction
Types of Synthesis:
Binary Addition
1) Two elements can form to make a new compound
H2 + Cl2 → 2 HCl
2) Two compounds can combine to make a new compound
H2O(I) + CO2(g) → H2CO3(aq)
3) An element and a compound can combine to make a new
compound
PCl3(l) + Cl2(g)
PCl5(s)
Metal oxides
Metal Oxides combine with water to make metal
hydroxides
Na2O + H2O → 2Na(OH)
CaO + H2O →
Ca(OH)2
Note on Metal Oxides
• For this unit, when you need to write a
multivalent metal oxide, use the common
oxidation state
– This is denoted by a *on the back of your periodic
table
Non-metal Oxides
• Non-metal oxides combine with water to
make oxyacids
CO2 +H2O → H2CO3
SO3 + H2O → H2SO4
P4O6+ 6H2O → 4H3PO3
Acid Base Synthesis
• What did you notice about the products of
metal oxide and non-metal oxide reactions
with H2O?
• Metal oxides react to create a base
• Non-metal oxides react to create an acid
Applications
Ammonia
N2 + 3 H2 → 2 NH3
Acid Rain
Corrosion
• Metals react with the oxygen and water
in the air to form metal oxides on the
surface.
• This process can be harmful or
beneficial, depending on the oxide
formed
Practice
• Predict the products.
Na(s) +
Cl2(g)  2 NaCl
CO2 + H2O 
H2CO3
Li2O + H2O  2 LiOH
2. Decomposition
Example: NaCl
Na Cl 
Cl
Cl
Na Cl
General:
+
Na
Na
AB  A + B
Ex. Decomposition Reaction
Types: Binary
• A binary compounds decomposes into its
elements
2 NaCl → 2 Na + Cl2
• Larger compounds can decompose into a
smaller compound and elements
2 KClO3 → 2 KCl + 3 O2
Metal Nitrates
• Metal nitrate can decompose to form a metal
nitrite and oxygen
2NaNO3 → 2NaNO2 + O2
2KNO3 → 2KNO2 + O2
Metal Carbonates
• Metal carbonates can decompose to form a
metal oxide and carbon dioxide
CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
Na2CO3 → Na2O + CO2
Metal Hydroxides
• Metal hydroxides can decompose to form a
metal oxide and water
Ca(OH)2 →
CaO + H2O
2 Li(OH) →
Li2O + H2O
Rocket Fuel
3N2H4 → 4NH3 + N2
N2H4 → 2H2 + N2
Electrolysis
2 H2O → 2 H2 + O2
Practice
• Predict the products.
MgCO3 
MgO + CO2
Cu(OH)2
CuO + H2O
LiNO3 
LiNO2 + O2
NH3 
N2 + H2
Work Time!
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•
•
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Pg 125, # 7, 9, 10, 12
Pg 127, #21-30
Pg 132, #13, 16
Pg 134, #31-40