CHAPTER – III PROFILE OF SELECTED UNITS Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) BHEL, one of the India’s leading Navaratna Public Sector Undertaking (PSU), caters to the core sectors of Indian economy in the way of Power Generation and Transmission, Industry, Transportation, Oil & Gas, Renewable Energy, with an unmatched expertise. With its vast spread across the country and massive expanse in International Operations, they provide our employees every opportunity to develop their competencies and hone their talents. As a world-class organization with capabilities matching those of the world’s best and a continuously expanding order book, BHEL certainly is the place, where careers are made. With a vision to become a world-class enterprise, committed to enhancing the stakeholder value, BHEL is on its path to give shape to its aspirations and fulfill the expectations of the country to become a global player. BHEL established more than 40 years ago, it is the largest engineering and manufacturing enterprise of India in the energy and infrastructure related sectors. BHEL is amongst world's rarest few who have the capability to manufacture entire range of power plant equipment. Since its inception, BHEL is maintaining a consistent track record of growth, performance and profitability. The company has grown in stature over the years with continued inflow of orders, manufacturing process, continued thrust on technology leading to a strong presence in domestic and international markets as a major supplier of power plant equipment’s besides establishing substantial inroads in select segment of products in Industrial sector and Railways. BHEL is an integrated power plant equipment manufacturer and one of the largest engineering and manufacturing companies in India in terms of turnover. BHEL was established in 1964, ushering in the indigenous Heavy Electrical Equipment industry in India - a dream that has been more than realized with a well-recognized track record of performance. The company has been earning profits continuously since 1971-72 and paying dividends since 1976-77.BHEL is engaged in the design, engineering, manufacture, construction, testing, commissioning and servicing of a wide range of products and services for the core sectors of the economy, viz. Power, Transmission, Industry, Transportation (Railway), Renewable Energy, Oil & Gas and Defense. It has 15 manufacturing divisions, two repair units, four regional offices, eight service centres and 15 regional centres and currently operates at more than 150 project sites across India and abroad. It has a strong emphasis on innovation and creative development of new technologies and its Research and Development (R&D) efforts are aimed not only at improving the performance and efficiency of our existing products, but also at using state-of-the-art technologies and processes to develop new products. This enables us to have a strong customer orientation, to be sensitive to their needs and respond quickly to the changes in the market. The high level of quality and reliability of its products is due to adherence to 86 international standards by acquiring and adapting some of the best technologies from leading companies in the world including General Electric Company, Alstom SA, Siemens AG and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd., together with technologies developed in its own Research and Development centres. Most of our manufacturing units and other entities have been accredited to Quality Management Systems (ISO 9001:2008), Environmental Management Systems (ISO 14001:2004) and Occupational Health & Safety Management Systems (OHSAS 18001:2007). We have a share of 59 per cent in India’s total installed generating capacity contributing 69 per cent (approx.) to the total power generated from utility sets (excluding non-conventional capacity) as of March 31, 2012. It has been exporting power and industry segment products and services for over 40 years. BHEL’s global references are spread across 75 countries. The cumulative overseas installed capacity of BHEL manufactured power plants exceeds 9,000 MW across 21 countries including Malaysia, Oman, Iraq, the UAE, Bhutan, Egypt and New Zealand. BHEL’s physical exports range from turnkey projects to after sales services. It works with a vision of becoming a global engineering enterprise providing solutions for a better tomorrow. Our greatest strength is our highly skilled and committed workforce of 49,390 employees. Every employee is given an equal opportunity to develop himself/herself and grow in his/her career. Continuous training and retraining, career planning, a positive work culture and participative style of management - 87 all these have engendered development of a committed and motivated workforce setting new benchmarks in terms of productivity, quality and responsiveness. 3.1 VISION A global engineering enterprise providing solutions for providing solutions for a better tomorrow. 3.2 MISSION Providing sustainable business solutions in the fields of Energy, Industry and Infrastructure. 3.3 VALUES Governance-They are stewards of our shareholders’ investments and we take that responsibility very seriously. We are accountable and responsible for delivering superior results that make a difference in the lives of the people we touch. Respect – They value the unique contribution of each individual. We believe in respect for human dignity and we respect the need to preserve the environment around us. Excellence – They are committed to deliver and demonstrate excellence in whatever we do. Loyalty– They are loyal to our customers, to our company and to each other. 88 Integrity – They work with high ethical standards and demonstrate a behavior that is honest, decent and fair. We are dedicated to the highest levels of personal and institutional integrity. Commitment–They set high performance standards for ourselves as individuals and our teams. We honour our commitments in a timely manner. Innovation technologies, – They products, constantly improved support development processes, better of newer services and management practices. Team Work – They work together as a team to provide best solutions and services to our customers. Through quality relationships with all stakeholders we deliver value to our customers. 3.4 EVOLUTION AND GROWTH OF BHEL - HYDERABAD The Hyderabad Unit of BHEL is located at Ramachandrapuram which is around 30KM from the historic city of Charminar. Foundation Stone of the plant was laid in 1959 and the production commenced in the year 1965. The Unit was set up mainly to manufacture 60MW and 110MW Steam Turbo Generator sets for State Electricity Boards and also 12 MW TG Sets. From this small beginning, the Ramachandrapuram Unit has been growing steadily in different phases of development and today it caters to a wide spectrum of business in Power, Industry, Transmission, Oil and Gas. It now boasts the largest number of products under a single roof as compared to any of the other BHEL Units. 89 Table No.3.1 Various phases of Development of BHEL Phase - I 1959-1970 Project Implementation and Technology Absorption Phase - II 1971 -1978 Diversification Phase - III 1979 – 1985 Technology Up gradation Phase - IV 1986 – 1991 Market Orientation Phase - V 1992 – 2002 Adaptation to Liberalization Phase – VI 2003 – 2012 Modernization and Capacity Enhancement 3.5 PRODUCT PROFILE OF BHEL Compressors BHEL manufactures a complete range of centrifugal compressors for all major compression applications. They are used in oil & gas production, gas transportation, refinery and petrochemical industries, fuel gas boosting and other similar processes. Our licensor GE holds the record for centrifugal compressor applications having designed and manufactured the first high pressure compressor for ammonia and urea plants, the most powerful compressors for offshore applications (over 30,000 HP) and re-injection compressors with delivery pressures as high as 10,000psi(700bar).Specific requirements are met by custom configuring each compressor using standardized advance technology components proven over a wide range of process conditions. This approach delivers reliable, high performance compressors for natural gas, refinery, petrochemical, and newer applications. Skilled staff of local engineers and technicians provides on-site technical support 90 for installation, commissioning, overhaul, repair and maintenance of our equipment. Steam turbine, Gas turbine, Electric motor and VFD Systems can be provided for driving the compressors. BHEL can provide complete solution involving Driver, Compressor, Heat Exchangers, Piping, Electrical and Instrumentation, erection and commissioning, civil works. Gas Turbine BHEL manufactures a complete line Heavy Industrial Gas turbine for all utility and Industry applications. They are installed in Refineries, Petrochemical plants, Gas compression stations, and Power generation plants in India and abroad. BHEL has long-standing experience in manufacturing Gas turbines dating back to 1986 when a Collaboration agreement was established with GE (U.S.A.) to complement the existing portfolio of products. A proven combination of sound design and quality assurance techniques places these gas turbines among the world's most reliable machines. Basic models produced by BHEL cover the 25,000 to 290,000 kW power range. Extensive research and development, advanced design procedures, modern manufacturing technology and on-site experience are behind the success achieved by BHEL gas turbines. BHEL has already installed over 190 gas turbines with cumulative fired hours of over 13 million. Apart from India, BHEL machines are working in Bangladesh, China, Iraq, Malaysia, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Srilanka and Kazakhstan. Heat exchangers and pressure vessels BHEL Hyderabad has supplied a variety of Heat Exchangers in large numbers for diversified applications. Among them are Steam Surface Condensors, Air Evacuation System, Feed Water Heaters, Deaerators Inter-Stage Gas Coolers, Process Heat Exchangers, 91 Air cooled Heat Exchangers, L.P.G Bullets. These are rendering good service in a number of Power Plants, Fertilizer, petroleum, Petrochemical, Steel and other Industrial Plants. Service after sales BHEL accords the utmost importance to "Service after Sales". BHEL has an all-India service network with regional headquarters in the four regions of the country. This is backed by core Field Support Services and Field Engineering Service groups located in Hyderabad. 3.6 TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT After systematizing its operations and obtaining ISO: 9001 Certification in 1994, BHEL has move to TQM phase for improving the entire business operations by adopting principles of "TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT", to provide improved service to all its stake holders viz., Customers, Employees, Suppliers, Shareholders and society at large. The TQM exercise is based on the Self-Assessment Technique as per European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) model and planned to achieve world class status by the year 2001. BHEL caters to core sectors of the Indian Economy viz., Power Generation and Transmission, Industry, Transportation, Renewable Energy, Defense, etc. The wide network of BHEL's 15 manufacturing divisions, 2 repair units, 4 power sector regions, 8 service centers, 15 regional offices, 2 subsidiaries and a large number of Project Sites spread all over India and abroad enables the company to provide most suitable products, systems and services- efficiently and at competitive prices. The 92 company has entered into a number of strategic joint ventures in supercritical coal fired power plants to leverage equipment sales besides living up to the commitment for green energy initiatives. BHEL, where Quality Systems as per ISO-9000 have taken deep roots, has now made significant achievements in Business Excellence by securing recognition certificates from CII for four out of five units that participated in the CII-EXIM Business Excellence Award scheme in 2010-11. Continuing its tradition of bagging prestigious national/international awards, the company has been honored with several awards which included "EEPC Star Performer Award" in the Product Group of Project Exports for 20th consecutive year; SCOPE Award for Excellence and Outstanding Contribution to the Public Sector Management."DainikBhaskar India Pride Award:2010" in Heavy Industries Category; "ICWAI National Awards for Excellence in Cost Management" for 2009 among public and private sector companies for the fifth successive year; "India Power Award for Equipment Manufacturing and for electrifying Lakshadweep Islands with Solar Power" from Council of Power Utilities; Six Prime Minister's Shram Awards including one "ShramBhushan" and three "VishwakarmaRashtriyaPuraskars"; "IEI Industry Excellence Award 2010" for Overall Business Excellence and Industry Practices from the Institution of Engineers (India); "NDTV Profit Business Leadership Award 2010". 3.7 OPERATIONAL AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE- AT A GLANCE BHEL manufacturers several products especially heavy electrical components and attracts the customers both in domestic and foreign markets. 93 The sales volume steadily increasing, producing and supplying as per the demand of the prospective customers. Due to increase in sales volume the company is able to maintain sufficient liquidity position in long run. 3.7.1 Sales and Revenue The total sales revenue and the profit margin of BHEL during 2004-05 to 2011-12 are given in table 3.2. It is clear from the table that the sales revenue is increased significantly by 4 times during the study period. As against, PBT has increased abnormally from 158crores in 2004-2004 to 10,302crores in 2011-12.It shows the quality standards of the products and timely supply as per the demand. Even there are fluctuations in the domestic markets and fierce competition in the overseas markets. Table 3.2 The total Sales and Profit margins during 2004-05 to 2011-12 Year Total Sales PBT 2004-2005 10,183 158 2005-2006 13,931 256 2006-2007 18,061 374 2007-2008 20,750 4430 2008-2009 22,709 4849 2009-2010 34,509 6591 2010-2011 43,267 9006 2011-2012 49,245 10302 94 3.7.2 Total Income, Expenditure and profits The total expenditure incurred and the PBT earned during the same period is depicted in table 3.3. On par with income/revenue BHEL spent required expenditure which is steadily increased from 10,025crores in 2004-2005 to 38,943crores in 2001-12.On the other hand the PBT earned increased abnormally and reached up to 10,302 in the same period. The data indicates the PBT of BHEL slowly increased in the first three years later on increased rapidly due to increase in sales revenue and global demand. Table 3.3 Financial Performance during 2004-05 to 2011-12 Year Total Income Total Expenditure Profit Before Tax 2004-2005 10,183 10,025 158 2005-2006 13,931 13,675 256 2006-2007 18,061 17,687 374 2007-2008 20,750 16,320 4,430 2008-2009 22,709 17,860 4,849 2009-2010 34,509 27,918 6,591 2010-2011 43,267 34,261 9,006 2011-2012 49,245 38,943 10,302 95 3.7.3 Total Assets and Net Worth The total asset/ net worth of BHEL during 2005-06 to 2011-2012 is given in table 3.4.The total assets contains various current assets and fixed assets. The current assets in BHEL occupy 70 to 80 percent in the total assets segment in 2004-05 where as it occupies more than 86 percent in 2011-12. On the other out of total assets fixed assets segment is around 30 percent in the beginning of the study period but in 2011-12 it is round 13 percent only. It is a good sign that BHEL maintains sufficient liquidity position for smooth functioning of all its operations. Table 3.4 Net Worth/Total Assets of BHEL during 2004-05 to 2011-12 Year Current Assets Fixed Assets Total Assets 2004-2005 11,381 3,629 15,010 2005-2006 14,357 3,823 18,180 2006-2007 19,079 4,135 23,214 2007-2008 26,449 4,443 30,892 2008-2009 36,196 5,225 41,421 2009-2010 41,887 6,580 48,467 2010-2011 51,210 8,050 59,260 2011-2012 58,069 8,707 66,776 96 3.8 MAN POWER PROFILE Manpower plays a pivotal role in actuating management plans. Both in private and public organisations employees contribute and co-ordinate at different levels gives the successful performance and its work culture. Hence it is vital to manage employees efficiently to attain organizational goals. Table 3.5 gives the total manpower employed in BHEL during 2004-15 to 2011-12. It is observed from the table that the total employees are fluctuated from 32,475 to 47,729 during the study period. The percent change over the previous years is insignificant. The reason is time bound promotions to the existing employees, new entrants and retirements simultaneously. Table 3.5 Total manpower employed in BHEL during 2004-05 to 2011-12 Year Employees % change over previous year 2003-2004 47,729 ------- 2004-2005 32,475 5.64 2005-2006 43,952 -6.20 2006-2007 43,302 -1.48 2007-2008 42,601 -1.62 2008-2009 42,124 -1.12 2009-2010 43,636 3.6 2010-2011 45,666 4.65 2011-2012 46,274 1.33 97 3.9 INDUSTRIES BHEL is a leading manufacturer of a variety of Industrial Systems and Products to meet the demand of a number of industries, like metallurgical, mining, cement, paper, fertilizers, refineries & petro-chemicals etc. besides captive/industrial power utilities. BHEL has supplied systems and individual products including a large number of co-generation Captive power plants, Centrifugal compressors, Drive Turbines, Industrial boilers and auxiliaries, Waste heat recovery boilers, Gas turbines, Pumps, Heat exchangers, Electrical machines, Valves, Heavy castings and forgings, Electrostatic precipitators, ID/FD fans, Seamless steel tubes etc. to a number of industries other than power utilities. BHEL also emerged as a major supplier of controls and instrumentation systems, especially distributed digital control systems for various power plants and industries. The Industry business sector of the company is fully geared to execute EPC contracts for captive power plants from concept to commissioning utilities. BHEL has also emerged as a major supplier of controls and instrumentation systems, especially distributed digital control systems for various power plants and industries. The Industry business sector of the company is fully geared to execute EPC contracts for captive power plants from concept to commissioning. 3.9.1 Power Generation In Power generation segment, BHEL is the largest manufacturer in India supplying wide range of products and systems for thermal, nuclear, gas and hydro-based utility and captive power plants. BHEL has proven turnkey 98 capabilities for executing power projects from concept-to-commissioning. BHEL supplied utility power generating sets have crossed the landmark of 1,00,000 MW and continue to maintain the record of nearly two-third of the overall installed capacity and around three-fourth of the power generated in India. BHEL supplies steam turbines, generators, boilers and matching auxiliaries up to 800 MW ratings, including sets of 660/700/800 MW based on supercritical technology. BHEL has facilities to go up to 1000 MW unit size. To make efficient use of high ash content coal available in India, BHEL also supplies circulating fluidised bed combustion (CFBC) boilers for thermal plants. BHEL is the only Indian company capable of manufacturing large-size gas-based power plant equipment, comprising of advanced-class gas turbines up to 289 MW (ISO) rating for open and combined-cycle operations. BHEL engineers and manufactures custom-built hydro power equipments. Its range covers turbines of Francis, Pelton and Kaplan runners, pump turbines, bulb turbines and mini-micro hydro plants, with matching generators, for different head-discharge combinations. BHEL is one of the few companies worldwide, involved in the development of Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) technology which would usher in clean coal technology. 3.9.2 Transportation Most of the trains of Indian Railways, whether electric or diesel powered, are equipped with BHEL's traction propulsion system and controls. The systems supplied are both with the conventional DC and state-of-the-art AC drives. India's first underground metro at Kolkata runs on drives and controls supplied by BHEL. Almost all the EMUs in service are equipped with electrics manufactured and 99 supplied by BHEL. BHEL has proved once again its capabilities and technological excellence by successfully establishing itself as an indigenous manufacturer of energy efficient IGBT based propulsion system for AC drives, a landmark achievement in transportation sector. Loco manufacturing capacity at Jhansi unit is under augmentation to meet increased requirements of Indian Railways. BHEL has also diversified into the area of track maintenance machines and coach building for Indian Railways and undertakes retrofitting and overhauling of rolling stock. 3.9.3 Renewable Energy In conformity with its concern for the environment, BHEL has been contributing to the national effort for developing and promoting renewable energy based products on a sustained basis. Starting from small applications like Solar Powered Street Lighting, Rural Water Pumping Systems, Railway signaling, Offshore Drilling Platforms, etc., BHEL has supplied and commissioned large size stand-alone as well as Grid-interactive Solar Power Plants in a number of major cities and remote areas of the country. With an aim to perform a significant role in National Solar Mission's proposed target of 20,000 MW of grid connected solar power, BHEL signed an agreement with Abengoa, Spain, a leader in solar projects to provide EPC solutions in Concentrated Solar Thermal Power (CSP) areas. 3.9.4 Oil and Gas BHEL possesses expertise to design, manufacture and service various types of onshore rigs to suit the Indian service conditions. The range of 100 equipment covers onshore deep drilling rigs, super-deep drilling rigs, heli-rigs, work-over rigs, mobile rigs and desert rigs with matching draw works and hoisting equipment. BHEL now has the capability to manufacture conventional on shore deep drilling rigs up to a depth of 9,000 meters, mobile rigs to a depth of 3,000 meters and well servicing rigs to a well depth of 6,100 meters. The company is in the process of manufacturing environment friendly AC-technology based oil rings for on shore application. BHEL is supplying onshore drilling rig equipment viz. Draw works, Rotary-table, Traveling block, Swivel, Mast and Sub structure, Mud systems and Rig electrics, Well heads and X-Mas tree valves upto 10,000 psi rating for onshore as well as offshore application to ONGC, Oil India Ltd. and Private Drilling Companies. 3.9.5 Transmission BHEL has significant presence in the field of power transmission in India with a wide range of transmission systems and products. The products manufactured by BHEL include Power transformers, Instrument transformers, Dry type transformers, Shunt reactors, Vacuum and SF6 switchgear, Gas insulated switchgears, Ceramic insulators, etc. Major critical hardware such as Capacitor banks, circuit breakers, control and protection equipment and thruster valves are in its manufacturing range. BHEL has emerged as the first company in India to indigenously develop and manufacture 333 MVA, 1200 KV transformer. BHEL has also manufactured 1200 kV CVT for transmission test station of PGCIL at Bina and 530 kN disc insulators for 1200 kV UHVAC transmission lines. Notably, BHEL has received the breakthrough order for 101 world's first +/- 800 KV 6,000MW Ultra High Voltage Multi-Terminal DC Transmission Link between North-east and Agra from Power Grid Corporation of India Ltd. BHEL has developed and commissioned indigenous 36 kV and 145 kV Gas Insulated Substations (GIS). The company is now developing 33 KV double bus design to meet the transmission requirements. The company has emerged as the only indigenous manufacturer of largest rating (5 MVA) Dry Type Transformers. The Company accepts full project responsibility for feasibility / system studies, execution and commissioning of Fixed Series Compensation / Controlled Shunt Reactor schemes. BHEL has the expertise and extensive onthe job exposure for design and applications relating to Power System Studies and Feasibility Studies etc. 3.10 HISTORICAL MILE STONES OF BHEL 1974 - In January Heavy electrical (India) Ltd was merged with BHEL. For the manufacture of a wide variety of products, the company has developed technological infrastructure, skills and quality to meet the stringent requirements of the power plants, transportation, petrochemicals, oil etc BHEL has entered into collaboration which are technical in nature. Under these agreements, the collaborators have transferred, furnished the information, documentation, including know-how relating to design, engineering, manufacturing assembly etc 1982 - BHEL also entered into power equipments, to reduce its dependence on the power sector. So, it developed the capability to produce a variety of electrical, electronic and mechanical equipment’s for all sectors, including transmission, transportation, oil and gas and other allied industries. 102 1991 - On 24th December converted into a public Limited company.- As per resolution passed on 23rd Dec. 1991, existing shares of Rs.1000each was subdivided into equity shares of Rs.10 each. 2447, 60,000 No.of equity shares of Rs.10 each allotted for consideration other than cash. 1992 - Between January to February the company disinvested 489,52,000 equity shares of Rs.10 each - During the year, 10 thermal sets, 2 gas sets and 11 hydro sets were commissioned. 1994 - The Company undertook the development of photovoltaic power systems for grid assisted operation, solar power refrigerator useful for vaccine and medical storage and demonstration of 2X5 KW phosphoric acid fuel cell module at a Chlor Alkali plant. 1995 - The country's premier state owned undertaking, BHEL, has commissioned India's first 250 mw capacity thermal generating unit at Dahanu power station in Maharashtra. BHEL won this World Bank contract against competition from multinationals 1996-This year company handed over 100th Electrical Locomotive to Indian Railway. And 250th Hydro set installed at Dhupdal-1, successfully syncronised and handed over the 30 MW Fr.6 Gas turbines at Wadi AIJIZZI, Oman. 1997 - The public sector Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd (BHEL) has won the national best exporter award for 1995-96, instituted by the Engineering Export Promotion Council, of the eighth consecutive year, from Madurai. 103 1999 - Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd (BHEL) has commissioned a desalination plant on turnkey basis in the Gulf of Mannar in Tamil Nadu.- Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd (BHEL) has entered into a technical collaboration agreement with Babcock Borsig Power GmbH of Germany for the manufacture of `once through boilers' 2000 - The Company has won the top exporters award among the public and private sector companies in India for the 11th Consecutive year.- The Company has bagged the `SammanPatra' award from the Finance Ministry for its unblemished track record with Airport Customs in regard to payment of customs duties.- The Company has won the `Best Productivity Performance Award' in the heavy engineering industries category for the year 1997-98.2001 - Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd. has bagged the prestigious Golden peacock national quality award for the second consecutive year for achieving excellence in quality conforming to global standards.- The R&D division of Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd. has developed a50-KW phosphoric acid fuel cell power pack as a joint venture of BHEL, the Ministry of Non-Conventional Energy Sources and Shree RayalaseemaAlkalies and Allied Chemicals Ltd.- The Company has commissioned first of the four hydro-power Generating units at Kurichu Hydro Electric Project in Bhutan.- Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd (BHEL) is set to commission the first 500MW unit of National Thermal Power Corporation's (NTPC) Simhadri power project three months ahead of schedule in March, 2002. 104 2002 - Announces completion of 1000 mw Simhadri thermal power station-Launches web pages for development and expansion of vendor base for components required for energy meters. Launches its first-ever Vessel Traffic Management System (VTMS) at the New Mangalore port 2003 - First indigenously manufactured advance class gas turbine manufactured by BHEL, Ramachandrapuram unit flagged off to Gujarat State Electricity Corporation (GSEC)-BHEL and Skokda export tie-up for overseas projects-BHEL and TCS tie-up to develop IT-based solutions for power sector 2004 - Bharat Heavy Electricals (BHEL) has bagged a Rs 80 crore export order from Petroleum Development Oman-Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd (BHEL) has bagged a Rs 70-crore order from Punjab State Electricity Board to set up a hydro-electric project-The Bangalore-based electronics division of Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd has bagged an order for supplying solar photovoltaic cells to S.E. Projects, Italy . 2005.-Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd (BHEL) and Rural Electrification Corporation (REC) have entered into a memorandum of understanding to work jointly in offering solutions along with financial packages in the power generation sector, covering both new power generation projects and renovation and modernisation of existing power plants. 2006 - BHEL inks agreement with IIT Madras for new courses-Bechtel signs Dabhol agreement with BHEL-Bharat Heavy Electricals Tiruchirapalli on 105 May 31 signed a MoU with National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirapalli to recognize and strengthen institute-industry interaction. 2007 - BHEL has raised its research & development spend to Rs 238 crore during fiscal 2006-07, up from Rs 152 crore last year.- Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) has won orders for the supply and installation of the main plant package at the upcoming Jhajjar Super Thermal Power Project in Haryana. 2008 – Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd (BHEL) and NTPC Ltd have signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to form a Joint Venture Company with the propose to work jointly to complement their respective strength and to carry out engineering procurement and construction (EPC) activities in the power sector. 3.11 PROFILE OFVIJAI ELECTRICALS (VE) Vijai Electricals Limited is a manufacturing plant for AMDT's, the first of its kind in India, for Amorphous Metal Distribution transformer's (AMDT's) is the largest, fully integrated, manufacturing facility in the world outside USA. Samrakshana of Transformers. This helps Vijai to get an edge over competitors in terms of Electricals Ltd. (SEL), sister concern of Vijai Electricals Ltd. provides support to Vijai by manufacturing and supplying almost all major components that go into the making quality, price and delivery schedules, while maintaining an effective and complete control on the entire supply chain. Pioneering leadership, remarkable vision, strong customer focus and a relentless commitment to quality 106 and innovation have made Vijai Electricals Ltd. one of the largest and leading manufacturer-exporters of Power and Distribution Transformers up to 15 MVA, 66 kV class in India with a turnover (2008-2009) of around US $ 302 Million. Today, with more than three and a half decades of continuous progress behind it, Vijai has crossed many historical landmarks and grown into a progressive global Organization. It was a benchmark for the organization when it plunged in to the manufacturing of Extra High Voltage Power Transformers with technical Collaboration from M/s Daihen Corporation, Japan; up to 500MVA, 500 kV class for Generation and Transmission needs of the country. The organization has also diversified into the manufacture of Switchgear products like 12KV Indoor /Outdoor VCBs, and 36KV Outdoor VCBs, Instrument transformers of both medium voltage and EHV class and SF6 Breakers up to 420KV. They also scheduling to manufacture in India, Gas Insulated Switchgears up to 420KV.Ever since its foundation in 1973, Vijai has made an impact in the industry and its products have been inspected and accepted by several internationally reputed third-party Inspection Agencies like Lloyds-UK, Crown Agents- UK, BSI Inspectorate Griffith -UK, Bureau Veritas, OMIC Japan, CAPE- Thailand, Societe Generale de Surveillance (S.G.S), TubescopeVecto GmbH - Germany, Robert W. Hunt Organization, RITES, AT Survey & Inspection Company –Bangladesh and so on. 107 3.11.1 Design and Engineering With a commitment to continuous improvement, paving a way for vertical integration, the Research & Development wing of Vijai has been painstakingly working round-the-clock to develop new products, better and improvised manufacturing processes, usage of modern technology and enhanced materials for the benefit of customers. This would prove not only economical in terms of cost and energy but would also give an all time superior product to provide total satisfaction to the end user. Continuous Magnetic Field Annealing and Delta Core Transformers, the patented technologies of Vijai are steps in this direction. VIJAI ELECTRICALS LTD is equipped with the latest Design and Engineering technologies and is definitely one of the best in the world. Vijai Electricals caters to international specifications believing in product quality and customer satisfaction. Adherence to the customer specification is the company’s motto. It has a team of qualified and experienced design engineers, software engineers and skilled design draughts men trained in advanced AUTOCAD, AUTOLISP and other areas. Software wing of its engineering department has successfully developed computer programs for Electrical Design calculations enabling millions of iterative calculations converging to a very optimum design. This is done exclusively for National and International tenders with capitalization of loss parameters. Vijai has a variety of design options for different types of conductor and core materials. A massive data bank has already been established based on the previous test results. Vijai Electricals Ltd. aims to be a prominent global player and a national leader in the field of Power Transmission and Distribution, 108 promoting the cause of energy saving through constant innovation and customization of products and introduction of value added solutions for its honored customers. It is getting set to become a one stop shop for Power and Distribution Transformers, scaling newer heights in technology, setting quality benchmarks for all its products and services, and ensuring satisfaction to all its stakeholders. Since its conception, Vijai’s manufacturing facilities have maintained the highest standards of quality control and assurance adhering to the self-enunciated operating procedures for efficient process that can adapt to the changing and challenging needs of the customer. Vijai Electricals Ltd. Designs, Manufactures and Supplies "Customized Power Transmission and Distribution Equipments" and also executes turnkey projects in Transmission and Distribution for power utilities to meet the wide range of global market ensuring the support services to enhance Customer satisfaction. Improvement in different processes for minimum total ownership cost to the Customer shall be one of VE's goals by employing the most suitable material, optimized design and effective process. Joint efforts within the Organization for excellence in all functional areas shall be the prime objective for achieving planned improvements. Adapting changes that could help us in continual improvement of our Systems, Practices and Business Performance is top priority. Inherent commitment to comply with the requirements of International Standards, Statutory and other regulations in Quality Management System and to continually improve it's effectiveness in true spirit and action shall be prime responsibility of every employee .The organization embarks on the above policies and tries to maintain the best 109 practices across the globe. Design, Development, Manufacturing, Testing, Installation, Commissioning and Servicing of "Customized Transformers" has been the main business focus of Vijai, since its inception. Having earned a sustained market leadership in the areas of Distribution Transformers and Small Power Transformers up to 15 MVA, 66 KV Class, Vijai has entered the arena of Power Transformers up to 500 MVA, 500 KV class in technical collaboration with M/S. Daihen Corporation of Japan. 3.12 VISION To achieve complete set of design calculations, bill of materials and constructional drawings, all with a single click of a mouse. 3.13MISSION To operate its business with the highest level of Integrity, Responsibility and Accountability, and to continue to build on the trust & confidence of stakeholders that the Organization has earned over the years. To be an Open, Responsive, Participative and Entrepreneurial Organization. 3.14 VALUES To reinforce and retain a distinguished position of leadership in the industry through strategic thinking, dedicated in-house R & D, and consistent customer oriented innovation, both in technology and in service. To recognize human resources as the most important asset for achieving organizational excellence. 110 To enhance industrial productivity, growth and profitability through stringent quality standards & continuous improvement and automation. To seek excellence in the manufacture of Energy Efficient Transformers for Power Transmission and Distribution by adapting and evolving cuttingedge technologies. To constantly listen to customers, respond quickly to their current needs and anticipate future requirements. To ensure customer satisfaction through dedicated After Sales Service Support and on time delivery. To consistently develop new and better products, which offer improved performance and low Total Ownership Costs. To seek and obtain challenging assignments and provide the most conducive environment for the professional growth of all employees through effective delegation and motivation. To develop people’s competence through motivation and need based training, effective delegation and proactive approach. 3.15 EVOLUTION AND GROWTH OF VE– HYDERABAD Vijai Electricals Limited Vijai Electricals Ltd. manufacturing plant, the first of its kind in India, for AMDT's is the largest, fully integrated, manufacturing facility in the world outside USA. With a Samrakshana Electricals Ltd. (SEL), sister concern of Vijai Electricals Ltd. provides support to Vijai by manufacturing and supplying almost all major components that go into the making of Transformers. This helps Vijai to get an edge over competitors in terms of quality, 111 price and delivery schedules, while maintaining an effective and complete control on the entire supply chain. Vijai Electricals Limited, an established leader in Distribution Transformers, made a foray into Power transformers in the year 2007-08 and in just 4 years of operation developed the entire range of Power transformers from 66 kV to 1200 kV class. Vijai Electricals is the only manufacturer in the country to produce entire range of transformers from tiniest 5 kVA, 12 kV to largest 1200 kV, 1000 MVA Bank. Ever since its foundation in 1973, Vijai has made an impact in the Industry by introducing innovative products, import substitution, vertical integration and energy efficient Amorphous Metal Transformers. Its products have been inspected and accepted by several internationally reputed third party inspection agencies. It is also recognized as 'Export House' by Govt. of India. The organization has also diversified into the manufacture of Switchgear products like 12 KV indoor / outdoor VCBs, 36 KV outdoor VCBs, and instrument transformers of both medium and EHV and SF6 Breakers upto 420 kV. Vijai is also scheduling to manufacture in India, Gas insulated Switchgears upto 420 kV. The organization has been growing at phenomenal pace with its firm Commitment to Quality, Delivery & Competitive Pricing, meeting Customized design Requirements. Today the organization has a Turnover of US $312 Million and it is expected to grow up within few years. Presently, the organization has been exporting to almost 20 countries throughout the world and exports would continue to be the thrust Area. 112 3.16 TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT The Company has well-established Quality systems to ensure quality at all stages and Total Quality Work Culture, where participation by everyone reigns supreme. Quality is a watchword across the entire Organisation and has proved to be a corner stone for the Company's sustained growth and success. The Company today has the latest certification for compliance to ISO 9001:2000. Enhancing Customer satisfaction is the prime objective of the Quality Policy of the company, and to this end the Company has been adopting progressive measures visualizing quality as a key strategy to stay competitive in the business. It was a major achievement for Vijai when all its Testing laboratories were accredited by National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL).Vijai's astounding hold on quality, pricing and lead time, lies with its in-house facilities like Conductor Plant, Transformer Oil processing plant from base stock, Timber plant for packing needs, Radiator plant, Nitrogen plant & exclusive fabrication bays containing Robotic welding & Plasma arc cutting facilities etc., which are used for making all types of transformer tanks. In addition the plant has highly automated complete corrugation line for making corrugated tanks. 113 The Company has well-established Quality systems to ensure quality at all stages and Total Quality Work Culture, where participation by everyone reigns supreme. Quality is a watchword across the entire Organisation and has proved to be a corner stone for the Company's sustained growth and success. The Company today has the latest certification for compliance to ISO 9001:2000. Enhancing Customer satisfaction is the prime objective of the Quality Policy of the company, and to this end the Company has been adopting progressive measures visualizing quality as a key strategy to stay competitive in the business. It was a major achievement for Vijai when all its Testing laboratories were accredited by National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL).Vijai's astounding hold on quality, pricing and lead time, lies with its in-house facilities like Conductor Plant, Transformer Oil processing plant from base stock, Timber plant for packing needs, Radiator plant, Nitrogen plant & exclusive fabrication bays containing Robotic welding & Plasma arc cutting facilities etc., which are used for making all types of transformer tanks. In addition the plant has highly automated complete corrugation line for making corrugated tanks. Vijai is a truly Vertically Integrated Organisation. 3.17 PRODUCT PROFILE Samrakshana Electricals Limited: Samrakshana Electricals Ltd. (SEL), a sister concern of Vijai Electricals Ltd. provides support to Vijai by manufacturing and supplying almost all major components that go into the making of Transformers. This helps Vijai to get an edge over competitors in terms of quality, 114 price and delivery schedules, while maintaining an effective and complete control on the entire supply chain. SEL is well known for the quality of its products and effectively caters to the needs of various national and international customers besides meeting the requirements of Vijai. Samrakshana Electricals Ltd. manufactures a wide range of products viz: All the components for Completely Self Protected (CSP) Transformers Oil Immersed circuit Breakers (CLR and CQR Types). HT fuse Links Signal Light Operating Handle Lightening Arrestors Tap Switches ( Rotary& Linear Types) Silica Gel Breathers Drain Valves Electrical Grade Press Boards Thermosetting Powder Paints / Liquid Paints / Water based Paints. All types of Lugs / Ferrules / Connectors. Oil Level Gauges / Indicators. Compreg wood. Porcelain Parts. 115 In addition to the above, SEL is well equipped to develop any new component that may be required by Vijai. Apart from the above products that are manufactured in SEL’s Hydernagar facility, it has established a separate & exclusive plant at Balanagar, Hyderabad for manufacture of electro porcelain Bushings & Insulators. 3.18 OPERATIONAL AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE - AT A GLANCE Vijai Electricals Ltd manufacturers various technological products especially heavy electrical components and attracts the customers both in domestic and foreign markets. The sales volume steadily increasing, producing and supplying as per the demand of the prospective customers. Due to drastic increase in sales volume the company is able to maintain maximum profits to function various operations in the organization. 3.18.1 Sales and Profit Vijai Electricals Manufactures various technological products especially heavy electrical transformers and attracting both domestic and foreign markets. The sales volume is gradually increasing as per the demand from the customers. The total sales revenue and the profit margins of VE are given in the table 3.6.It is understood from the table that the sales revenue is increased by 4 times during the study period. As against PBT has increased twice from 1741.21 in 2004-05 to 3031.25 in 2011-2012.This shows the quality in the technological standards of the products and timely supply of product as per the demand of customers. 116 Table 3.6 Total sales and profit margin of VE during 2004-05 to 2011-12 Year Sales PBT 2004-2005 6637.10 1741.21 2005-2006 7187.56 7722.21 2006-2007 10350.71 1276.12 2007-2008 12870.89 2232.53 2008-2009 19079.12 2610.15 2009-2010 21251.71 3271.94 2010-2011 24097.52 3476.81 2011-2012 29116.19 3031.25 3.18.2 Net worth/Total Assets The total assets and net worth of VE during 2004-2005 to 2011-2012 is given in the table 3.7.The total assets contains year-wise current and fixed assets. The current asset in VE occupies 60 to 70 percent in the total assets segment in 2004-05. Whereas it occupies more than 75percent in 2011-12.On the other out of the total assets, fixed assets segment is around 35percent in the beginning of the study period but in 2011-12 it is 25 percent only. It is a positive sign that the organization is maintaining benchmarking for all the operations. 117 Table 3.7 Net worth/Total Assets of VE during 2004-05 to 2011-12 Year Current assets Fixed Total Assets Assets 2004-2005 5854.90 3197.96 9052.86 2005-2006 5551.38 2503.39 8054.77 2006-2007 4956.13 3810.78 8766.91 2007-2008 8513.25 665.44 9178.69 2008-2009 8133.07 1400.27 9533.34 2009-2010 7945.11 2210.15 10155.26 2010-2011 8034.25 1874.33 9908.58 2011-2012 8250.18 2703.18 10955.36 3.18.3 Net profit margin The total revenue, gross profit and net profit of Vijai Electricals during 2004-052011-12 is given in the table 3.8.At the initial period VE occupies -878.21 gross and -1310.18 net profit. The gross and net profits are steadily increasing up to 7230 to 2854.93 in the year 2011-12 as the company is gaining more revenue. The increased profit shows that the firm maintains sufficient profits. 118 Table 3.8 Total profit margins of VE during 2004-05 to 2011-12 Year Revenue Gross Profit Net Profit 2004-2005 6637.10 878.21 1310.18 2005-2006 7187.56 95.15 414.50 2006-2007 10350.71 681.19 447.95 2007-2008 12870.89 1742.43 1347.91 2008-2009 19079.12 4681.77 2198.28 2009-2010 21251.71 6180.12 2415.13 2010-2011 24097.52 5091.75 3004.12 2011-2012 29116.19 7230.14 2854.93 3.18.4 Total Assets and net working capital The current Assets and current liabilities along with the networking capital is shown in the table 3.9. It is observed from the table that there is decrease in networking capital that is from 3953.16 to 2923.15 in the year 2004-05 to 200506.On the next year there is an increase of networking capital to 3349.25.There is fluctuating increase and decrease of networking capital from the year 2004-05 to 2011-12.Finally in the year 2011-2012 it is expressed from the table that there is an increase in networking capital i.e 5275.04.It is a good sign that the company is maintaining sufficient capital for managing all its operations . 119 Table 3.9 Total Assets, Liabilities and Networking Capital of VE (2004-12) Year Current assets Current Net- liabilities working capital 2004-2005 5854.90 1901.74 3953.16 2005-2006 5551.38 2628.24 2923.15 2006-2007 4956.13 1606.87 3349.25 2007-2008 8513.25 3725.72 4787.53 2008-2009 8133.07 2864.18 5268.89 2009-2010 7945.11 2544.25 5400.86 2010-2011 8034.25 3110.49 4923.76 2011-2012 8250.18 2975.14 5275.04 3.19 MANUFACTURING FACILITIES AND FUTURE PLANS Headquartered in Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India and operating from state-of-the-art manufacturing facilities, Vijai Electricals Ltd. employs highly qualified, experienced and well-trained personnel with an inspiring zeal for hard work and success. Vijai Electricals Ltd. is at the forefront of the industry due to its undaunted devotion to leading-edge technology, cost-effective products and unparalleled customer service. Driven by the ambition to meet the ever-changing requirements of the market, Vijai intends to reinforce its dedicated base of Research & Development to launch newer & improved versions of Transformers, 120 which will prove to be economical in terms of cost and energy and provide total satisfaction to the end users, be it Electricity Boards, Power Generating Companies or Private enterprises. Vijai intends to continue setting the highest possible quality benchmarks in the coming years. Vijai Electricals Ltd. would continue to innovate products and services that meet the ever-changing needs of the industry with a total commitment and dedication to promote the cause of Energy savings in the times to come. 3.20 INDUSTRIES 3.20.1 Samrakshana’s Division LT Oil Immersed Circuit Breaker for Completely Self Protected (CSP) Distribution Transformer:1 Pole 10 KVA/15 KVA/25 KVA/50 KVA Circuit Breakers. 3.20.2Electroteknica Switchgear’s Division Metal-clad Switchgear with vacuum circuit-breaker up to 12 kV, 500 MVA Vacuum Contactor up to 7.2 kV, load Break Switch Fuse Unit/Ring Main Unit up to 12 kV,Vacuum Contactor up to 7.2 kV, Load Break Switch Fuse Unit/Ring Main Unit up to 12 kV,Load Break Switch Fuse Unit/Ring Main Unit,Unitised Transportable Substation, Air Cooled Dry Type Transformer,Servo Controlled Automatic Voltage Regulator, Flameproof Vacuum Circuit Breaker, Vacuum Contactor up to 7.2 kV, Load Break Switch Fuse Unit/Ring Main Unit up to 12 kV, Load Break Switch Fuse Unit/Ring Main Unit, Unitised Transportable Substation, Air Cooled Dry Type Transformer, Servo Controlled Automatic Voltage Regulator, Flameproof 121 Vacuum Circuit Breaker,12 KV Pole Mounted Air Break Load Break Switch Type SCE, 36 KV Outdoor Pole Mounted Load Break Switch Type FLA, Flame Proof, Transwitch Unit upto 500 KVA, Outdoor Porcelain Clad VCB upto 36KV 3.20.3 Projects Division The projects wing started operation from year 2003 and now it is carrying out Major Projects in Transmission & Distribution of Power all over India. 3.20.4 Cables and Conductors Division Aluminium Stranded Conductors As per IS:398 Part 1,Aluminium Conductors, Galvanized steel -Reinforced As per IS:398 Part 2.Aluminium Stranded Conductors As per IS:398 Part 1, Aluminium Conductors, Galvanized steel -Reinforced As per IS:398 Part 2.Aluminium Alloy Stranded Conductors (Aluminium -Magnesium – Silicon Type) As per IS:398 Part 4.Aluminium Conductors, Galvanized steel -Reinforced for Extra high voltage 400 kV and above As per IS:398 Part 5.Aerial Bunch Cables as per IS:14255. 3.21. CSP TECHNOLOGY AND COMPONENTS CSP Technology shows the way out of this distressing situation. Unfortunately, the advantages of CSP Technology are yet to be fully appreciated by a majority of power utilities in developing countries. CSP technology enables a transformer to protect itself from faults. The transformer is protected from 122 persistent overloads not cleared by conventional protective gear and causing dangerous temperature rise. The distribution system to which it is connected is protected from a transformer that has failed. The faulty transformer is isolated and only consumer served by the transformer are affected. Protection from lightning is most effective with the surge arrester mounted to the transformer tank and directly connected to the HV bushing, reducing to the minimum the impedance of the ground connection. The transformer is completely sealed. There is no scope for ingress of moisture and pilferage of oil which is very common, with disastrous consequences. The space above the oil level is filled with nitrogen. The volume of the space above the oil level is not less than 55% of the volume of oil. Thus expansion of oil is taken care of as well as the condition of the oil. A pressure relief device takes care of undue pressure rises which should be rare. CSP System has essentially components. They are: 3.21.1 THE EMERGENCY CONTROL This device is provided when the power utility wants the facility of immediate restoration of service in an emergency by closing the circuit breaker even when the preset overloading limit is reached. Once the emergency control is activated the circuit breaker is no longer thermally protecting the transformer and significant insulation deterioration can occur if these high loads reoccur. Once it becomes necessary to activate the emergency control, the power utility should plan to change out the transformer for a larger size as soon as possible. The emergency control linkages can be externally activated to increase the amount of engagement of the main and signal light latches within the circuit 123 breaker which has the effect of requiring more bimetal strip movement to trip the circuit breaker open and more bimetal movement requires higher temperature. 3.21.2 MAGENETIC TRIP Certain circuit breakers are furnished with an instantaneous magnetic trip element in addition to the standard bimetallic thermal trip element. The magnetic trip element increases the opening speed of the circuit breaker under high fault current conditions. This increased opening speed permits the circuit breaker to interrupt larger values of fault current than would normally be possible. The response of the circuit breaker to thermal activity is unchanged by the addition of the magnetic trip element. 3.21.3 SURGE ARRESTER The closer the surge arrester can be mounted to the transformer, the shorter will be the ground lead connection between the arrester and the transformer. The shorter this connection, the less will be the lightning surge induced voltage stress on the transformer winding. When the surge arrester is mounted directly to the transformer tank (as in the case of CSP transformer) the ground lead length is effectively zero and maximum transformer protection is obtained. 3.22 HISTORICAL MILESTONES OF VE 1973 - Establishment of the Organization 1983 - Introduction of CSP Transformers in the country 1987 - Technical Collaboration with M/s Westinghouse Corporation, 124 USA for Single Phase wound Core Transformers 1988 - Commencement of Cast Resin Transformers Production 1989 - Commencement of Exports. Technical Collaboration with M/s Daihen Corporation, Japan for manufacture of AMDT’s. 1994 - Recognition by Government of India as “Export House”. Manufacture of Earthquake Resistant Transformers for the first time in India.ISO 9001 Certification 1996 - Commencement of Production for Amorphous Metal Distribution Transformers in the exclusive AMDT Plant 1997 - Recognition by Government of India as “Trading House” 1998 - Successful Type testing of 1000 KVA Amorphous Metal Distribution Transformers. 2002 - Entry into turnkey electrification & substation projects. Successful completion of Arc Proof Test on 30 kVA SinglePhase Transformers as per JIS (Japanese Standards) for the first time in India. 2003 - Commissioning of exclusive and complete Corrugation Line. 2004 - Technical Collaboration with Daihen Corp. Japan for Large Power Transformers up to 500 MVA, 500 KV Class. 2005 - Accreditation to all Testing laboratories viz., Transformer Testing Laboratories Units- 02 & 03, Conductor Testing Laboratory – Unit-04 and Transformer Oil Testing laboratory in Unit -2, from National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL). 125 2006 - Incorporation of the Mexican wing of Vijai Electricals Ltd. India. Successful SC testing of the first 50 MVA Transformers produced by the EHV wing in the first attempt. 2007 - Vijai Electricals Ltd. made a successful acquisition of Electroteknica Switchgears Pvt Ltd., Kolkata, a well known manufacturer of MV Switchgear in Eastern Region, through a Share Purchase Agreement. 2009 - Vijai Electricals expands its product range by Introduction of Condensor Bushings and MV GIS. 2010 - 82MVA (Bank of 246MVA) 15/420kV single phas generator transformer has successfully passed the full scale dynamic short circuit test at KEMA, Netherlands. 400/220/33kV 3 phase autotransformer has 315MVA successfully passed the full scale dynamic short circuit test at KEMA, Netherlands. Vijai Electricals Ltd. have developed and tested, with in-house technology, 333MVA 2011 - 1150/√3/400/√3/33kV 1phase Auto Transformer for Power Grid Corporation of India Ltd. This is world’s highest voltage rating Power Transformer ever manufactured and we are proud to have completed this development with our own technology at Vijai Electricals Limited 126