Exercises 3-6:
Review & Practice
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Exercise 3
(Microscopy)
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The microscope
• Care and use of the microscope-• Be familiar with parts of the microscope.
• For example--Identify following parts: Rotating
nosepiece, Condenser, and Iris diaphragm (See
next slide)
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4
ID the component of a microscope
1. ______ used for precise focusing once initial focusing
has been done
2. ______ delivers a concentrated beam of light to the
specimen
3. ______ carries the objective lenses; rotates so that the
different objective lenses can be brought into position
over the specimen
4. ______ Used to increase the amount of light passing
through the specimen
5. ______ platform on which the slide rests for viewing
Choose from: A--condenser; B--fine adjustment
knob; C--iris diaphragm; D--mechanical stage; E-nosepiece
Practice01
5
Viewing objects through microscope
1. Move the slide to the left. In what direction
does the image move?
2. Away from you― move toward you
3. Draw “e” on a slide― What would the
image look like in the low-power field?
4. Draw “k” on a slide― Image?
5. Total magnification—power of the ocular
lens multiplied by the power of the
objective lens used.
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Practice questions on microscopy
1. The distance from the bottom of the objective lens in
use to the specimen is called the ___.
2. The area of the specimen seen when looking through
the microscope is the ____.
3. Assume there is an object on the left side of the field
that you want to bring to the center. In what direction
would you move your slide?
4. If, after focusing in low power, only the fine adjustment
need be used to focus the specimen at the higher
powers, the microscope is said to be _______.
5. If a microscope has a 10X ocular and the total
magnification at a aprticular time is 450X, the objective
lens in use at that time is _____X.
Practice02
7
Exercise 4
(Epithelial Tissue)
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Review
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


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Simple Epithelia
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1. Simple squamous epithelium
Locations-- air sacs of lung, inner
lining of blood vessels, lining of
peritoneum, serous membrane of
stomach and small intestine
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2. Simple cuboidal epithelium
Locations– kidney tubules, duct of
pancreas, thyroid gland
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3. Simple columnar epithelium
Locations– inner lining of stomach
and intestines, uterine tubes
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4. Pseudostratified columnar
epithelium
Locations– Respiratory tract from
nasal cavity to bronchi
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Stratified Epithelia-Composed of more than one
layer of cells & named for
shape of surface cells
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5. Stratified squamous
epithelium
Locations– Epidermis, palms and
soles; tongue, esophagus, vagina
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§ 5A. Keratinized Stratified Squamous
Fig. 5.8 Skin from
the sole of the foot
• Layers of epithelium covered with compact, dead
squamous cells (no nuclei) packed with protein keratin
• Retards water loss, prevents entrance of organisms
• Forms epidermal layer of skin (esp. soles and palms)
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§ 5B.Nonkeratinized Stratified Squamous
Epithelial
layer
Fig. 5.9
Mucosa
of the
vagina
• Multilayered epithelium that lacks surface layer of
dead cells forming moist, slippery layer
• Locations: tongue, oral mucosa, esophagus & vagina
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6. Stratified cuboidal
epithelium
Locations– Sweat gland ducts,
ducts of the esophageal gland,
follicles of ovaries, seminiferous
tubules of testis
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§ 6. Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium
Fig. Ovarian
follicles
• (Structure) Two or more layers of cells; surface cells
square or round
• (Functions) Secretion and production
• (Locations; ducts of) Sweat gland, ovarian follicles
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7. Stratified columnar
epithelium
Locations– Male urethra and in
ducts of some large glands
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8. Transitional epithelium
Locations– urinary tract, ureter,
bladder, umbilical cord
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Fig. 5.11b
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Basement
membrane
Connective
tissue
Binucleate
epithelial cell
(b)
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Figure 5.11a
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Figure 5.11b
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Practice
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ID#1-- ID this
type of
epithelium and
name ONE
representative
location.
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ID#2-- ID this type of epithelium and name
ONE representative location.
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ID#3-- ID this type of epithelium and name
ONE representative location.
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ID#4-- ID this
type of
epithelium
and name ONE
representative
location.
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ID#5-- ID this type of epithelium and
name ONE representative location.
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ID#6– ID this type of epithelium and
name ONE representative location.
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ID#7-- ID this type of epithelium and name
ONE representative location.
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Exercise 5
(Connective Tissue)
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Review
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§1-- Areolar Tissue
Fig. Mesentery
• Loose arrangement of collagenous and elastic fibers;
scattered cell types; abundant ground substance
• Locations-- Underlying all epithelia; surrounding
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nerves, blood vessels, esophagus, trachea
Figure 5.16b
§2-Adipose
tissue
Fig. Adipose tissue
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§3-- Reticular Tissue
• Loose network of
reticular fibers and
cells
• Forms structural
supportive stroma for
lymphatic organs
• Locations-- lymph
nodes, spleen, thymus
& bone marrow
Fig. Spleen
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§4-- Dense Regular CT
Fig. Tendon
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§5-- Dense Irregular CT
Fig. Dermis of the skin
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Figure 5.19b
§6–
Hyaline
Cartilage
Fig. Fetal skeleton
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Figure 5.20b
§7–
Elastic
Cartilage
Fig. External ear
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Figure 5.21b
§8–
Fibrocartilage
Fig. Intervertebral disc
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§9–
Bone
Canaliculi ?
Fig. Compact bone
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Practice
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ID#8-- ID this type of C.T. and name
ONE representative location.
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ID#9-- ID this type of C.T. and name
ONE representative location.
Figure 5.15b
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ID#10-- ID this type of C.T. and name
ONE representative location.
Figure 5.16b
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ID#11-- ID this type of C.T. and name
ONE representative location.
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ID#12-- ID this type of cartilage and
Figure 5.19b
name ONE representative location of
this type of connective tissue.
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ID#13-- ID this type of cartilage and
name ONE representative location of
this type of connective tissue.
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ID#14– ID this type of cartilage and name
ONE representative location of this type of
connective tissue.
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ID#15– ID tiny “holes” (A), hair like structure
(B), and (C) indicated respectively by arrows.
C
B
A
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Exercise 6
(Integumentary System)
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Review
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Skin model
Skin
Model
A–Epidermis; B—Dermis; C—Hypodermis;
1– Meissner’s corpuscle; 2– Pacinian corpuscle;
3– Eccrine sweat gland; 4– Sebaceous gland;
5– Hair follicle; 6– Arrector pili muscle
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Meissner’s corpuscle
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Dark skin with lots of melanin
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Thick skin–
Keratinized
stratified
squamous
epithelium
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Practice
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ID#16– Name the major function of
this structure (circled).
Figure 6.1
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ID#17—ID this specific type of receptor
(circled) and name its function in the skin.
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ID#18– ID this connective tissue layer
braced in black ink below.
Figure 6.1
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ID#19-- ID this layer
(pale appearance) that
is indicated by the red
arrow and the red
brace.
ID#20-- ID this layer (dark
brown color) that is
indicated by the black
arrow and the black brace.
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The epidermis
ID#21--ID this
cutaneous gland.
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ID#22– ID the
indicated
structure.
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ID#23– ID the
indicated
structure.
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