SOL USII.4b
Life After the Civil War
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Progressive Movement
Urban Growth
is about
the reasons for the expansion of cities and the resulting problems and their solutions.
beginning with
I. Increased Immigration



Reasons for the increase
1. Better opportunities
2. Religious freedom
3. Escape from Oppressive
governments
Diverse cultural groups
1. Chinese
2. Irish
3. Southern & Eastern Europe
Push/Pull factors
leading to
II. Developing Cities


III. Efforts to Solve Immigration
Problems
 Settlement Houses
1. Jane Addams’s Hull House
2. Provided numerous services
 Political machines
1. Attended to the needs of
immigrants
2. Gained power by providing
jobs and housing
Reasons for growth
1. Specialized industries
2. Immigration
3. Shift from rural to urban
areas for jobs
Challenges faced by cities
1. Rapid industrialization
2. Tenements and ghettos
3. Political corruption
SELF-TEST QUESTIONS:
TERMS, PEOPLE AND PLACES
1. Why did cities develop?
Addams, Jane
Tweed, Boss
conflict
ghetto
Hull House
2. Why did immigration increase?
3. What challenges faced Americans as a result of the growth of cites
and the increase of immigrants?
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Adapted from The Unit Organizer Routine. Copyright Lenz, 1994. www.contentenhancement.org
resulting in
immigration
industrialization
oppressive government
political corruption
political machine
rural
Settlement House
social change
specialized industry
tenement
urban
urbanization
U.S. II4b
Immigration Anticipation Guide U.S. II 4b
Directions: Before watching the video, make some predictions about immigrants in the late 1800s and early 1900s.
Put a ☺next to the ones you see in the video.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
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U.S. II4b
Reasons People Immigrated to
the U.S. Post
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Activity: Color
North/West
South/East
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Push and Pull Factors of Immigration
Push Factors
Pull Factors
Push Factors are ________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Pull Factors are _________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
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Teacher’s Copy
Point in Time
MARK BIG IDEA: Every place has features that PULL (attract) people to
Immigration in the late 1800s and
early 1900s (OLD)
ECONOMIC FACTORS
move there and factors that PUSH them out (make them want to leave)
Template © 2003 Edwin Ellis www.graphicorganizers.com
POLITICAL FACTORS
Famine
Escape from oppressive
governments (political freedom)
LIFESTYLE / SAFETY FACTORS
Religious persecution
Lack of jobs
People want to LEAVE this place
PUSH
OUT
PULL
TO
Central, Eastern, and Southern Europe and Asia (NEW)
…and MOVE TO this place
United States
ECONOMIC FACTORS
Inexpensive land
POLITICAL FACTORS
Basic individual freedoms
LIFESTYLE / SAFETY FACTORS
Freedom of religion
Better quality of life
Hope for better opportunities
Opportunity and adventure
So What? What can you conclude about this place at this point in time?
During the 1800s, the population of the United States grew because of an increase in immigration. People came to the United
States looking for better opportunities, freedom from oppression, and adventure.
Similar HOW?
Different HOW?
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
Two distinct waves of immigrants came to this country during the 1800’s.

The first wave or Old Immigrants were mostly Christian Protestants from
Northern and Southern Europe.

Old Immigrants mostly had been farmers living in poverty and famine.

Old Immigrants stopped coming when the economies in Europe improves in
1890.

The new wave of immigrants was mostly from Southern and Eastern Europe,
including Italy, Poland, and Russia.

The number of New Immigrants were twice as large as that of Old Immigrants.

Two million New Immigrants came to this country in 10 years.

New Immigrants also came because their countries relaxed their emigration laws.

New Immigrants were able to come on steam boats that traveled nonstop from
Europe into the U.S. It was cheaper to travel.

New Immigrants also sent letters of hope back home.

New Immigrants had been fleeing religious persecution and even ethnic cleansing
genocide (the deliberate killing of an entire racial or cultural group).

New Immigrants also went to Canada and Argentina, but over 60% of them came
to the U.S.

Both the New and Old Immigrants felt anxiety and feared leaving for an unknown
place.

Immigrants would be given medical examinations and asked questions.

Immigrants with contagious diseases were often deported or sent back to their
counties of origin.

Immigrants mostly stayed in cities.

New Immigrants found jobs in cities as most of the land in the West had been
claimed.

Without immigrant labor, the Industrial Revolution would not have occurred!
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OPEN COMPARE AND CONTRAST
HOW ALIKE?
HOW DIFFERENT?
WITH REGARD TO
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







Conclusion
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Lab #1 Go to American Memory Immigration website:
2 Key pts from 1st page
1.
http://www.loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials/presentationsandactivities/presentations/immigration/#
Academic pick 1
Honors
pick 2 one old, one new
2.
Click on the people to the left: Find Irish Immigrants. Read the first page.
Then look at the bottom of the page for links
Look at “Colonial Immigration” Link or click on globe
Look at “Contributions to” and “Irish Identity” Link
Also, Look at “Potluck” at top of web page.
Answer: Where did Irish Immigrants live in
the U.S.?
Answer: What did Irish Immigrants add to
our culture?
Irish
Immigrants
“Old”
Look at “Adaptation and Assimilation” and “Racial
Tension” Link
Answer: Give an example of problems they
faced?
Look at “Irish Catholic
Immigration”:
Major dates of immigration:
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2 Key pts from 1st page
1.
Click on the people to the left: Find Polish/Russian Immigrants. Read the
first page. Then look at the bottom of the page for links
Look at “Lower East Side” Link or click on globle
2.
Look at “Cultural Renaissance” Link
Also, Look at “Potluck” at top of web page.
Answer: Where did Polish/Russian Immigrants live
in the U.S.?
Polish/Russian
Immigrants
“New”
Look at “Soviet Exiles” Link
Look at “People at Risk”
Major dates of immigration:
Answer: Give an example of problems they
faced?
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Answer: What did Polish and Russian Immigrants
add to our culture?
2 Key pts from 1st page
1.
Click on the people to the left: Find Italian Immigrants. Read the first
page. Then look at the bottom of the page for links
2.
Look at “Century Spotlight” Link
Also, Look at “Potluck” at top of web page.
Look at “City of Villages” Link or click on globle
Answer: Where did Italian Immigrants live
in the U.S.?
Answer: What did Italian Immigrants add to
our culture?
Italian
Immigrants
“New”
Look at “Tenements and Toil”, “Working Across the
Nation” and “Under Attack” Link
Answer: Give an example of problems they
faced?
Look at “Great Arrival”
Major dates of immigration:
12
2 Key pts from 1st page
1.
Click on the people to the left: Find German Immigrants. Read the
first page. Then look at the bottom of the page for links
Look at “Filling the Nation’s Breadbasket” Link or click on globe
answer
2.
Look at “Building Institutions, Shaping Taste” Link
Also, Look at “Potluck at top of web page.
Answer: Where did German Immigrants live in
the U.S.?
Answer: What did German Immigrants add
to our culture?
German
Immigrants
“Old”
Look at “Shadows of War” Link
Look in “Surge”:
Major dates of immigration:
Answer: Give an example of discrimination
they faced?
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2 Key pts from 1st page
1.
Click on the people to the left: Find Chinese Immigrants. Read the first
page. Then look at the bottom of the page for links
Look at “Building Communities” Link or click on globle
Error!
Look at “A New Community” Link
Also, Look at “Potluck at top of web page.
Answer: Where did Chinese Immigrant live in
the U.S.?
Chinese
Immigrants
“New”
Look at “Intolerance”, “Legislative Harassment” and
“Exclusion” Link
Answer: Give an example of discrimination
they faced?
2.
Look in “Searching for the Gold
Mountain” and “Growth and
Inclusion:
Major dates of
immigration:
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Answer: What did Chinese Immigrants add
to our culture?
Assimilation Activity: U.S.II
4 B
What is Assimilation?
How does the first picture show assimilation?
How does the second picture show assimilation?
How does the second picture show non-assimilation?
What are other forms of assimilation or ways to fit in??
Draw your own Picture of Assimilation
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II. Cities Expand
Teacher’s Copy
From 1866 to 1915, over 25 million immigrants migrated to the
United States.
Cause …
Immigration increased
They came in hopes of a better life: 1. religious freedom, 2. escape
from oppressive governments, and 3. adventure.
Northern European immigrants decreased. Southern and Eastern
European, Asian, and Latin American immigrants increased.
Farmers looked for a better life from the harsh weather and
poor soil in the West.
Cause …
Farmers and African Americans
moved to cities for opportunities
Most of the land was already divided among people in the
West, so there was little opportunity for new immigrants.
African Americans sought a better life than in the rural South.
There was a high demand for factory labor, e.g., steel mills,
meatpacking plants, garment factories.
Cause …
The rise of industrialism and
the creation of big cities
City life was exciting with new inventions and activities,
including electricity and the telephone.
Construction of tenement housing allowed more people to
live in smaller areas.
Conclusion: ????
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Template © 2003 Edwin Ellis, GraphicOrganizers.com
Teacher’s Copy
III. Effects of Immigration
Is about…
how political leaders and reformers tried to solve the many problems endured by immigrants.
Immigrant
Discrimination
Slum Dwellers
Political Machines
Settlement Houses
Helped Improve Living
Conditons for Immigrants and
people living in the cities.
Anti-immigrant
feeling
Unsafe tenements
and ghettos
Political boss charge of
part or all of the city
Upper classes helping the
poor
Poor working
conditions
Ethnic
neighborhoods
Popular with the
poor
Organizations gave help
Salvation Army
Chinese Exclusion Act
(1882)
Poor sanitation, crime, and
pollution
Corruption and
bribery
Jane Addams and the Hull
House “Community
Center”
Factory owners took
advantage of the cheap
labor
Political Bosses ran the
slums
Example: Boss
Tweed of New York
Movement spreads
YMCA
YWCA
So what? What is important to understand about this?
Political bosses took advantage of immigrants who faced horrible living conditions and discrimination, but others worked to
help people who were suffering.
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Template © 2003 Edwin Ellis, GraphicOrganizers.com
U.S.II 4 B
Immigrants' Experiences Worksheet Lab #2
Name_______________________________
This activity will help you think about what life was like in a
tenement house.
Immigrant Families
Go to the website: Audio Tour Does not WORK!
http://www.tenement.org/Virtual_Tour/index_virtual.html
 Read the introduction about Lukas Glockner then enter the
building where it says enter here with the pointing hand.
Read Hallway/Ruin information.
 Find where it says Previous apartment and Next apartment.
 Read about a family from the 1870’s, draw a picture of their
life in the big box, their name in the small box and 3 details
about their life in the medium box.
187_
____
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 Read about a family from the 1900’s, draw a picture of their
life in the big box, their name in the small box and 3 details
about their life in the medium box.
191_
_
2. Continue looking at the Urban Log and
2. Continue looking at the Link and answer.
 What countries did the immigrant families come from?
 What jobs did the immigrant families have?
 What problems did they face?
 What are two differences between the 1870’s and 1900’s families at the
same address?
3. Go to http://www.tenement.org/immigrate/ and follow the directions
for making your immigrant life.
Explore!!!
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Sorry, not sound or Video, but you can visit at home.
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