Name: ______________________________________
Date: ________________________
Student Exploration: Cell Structure
Vocabulary: cell wall, centriole, chloroplast, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi
apparatus, lysosome, mitochondria, nuclear envelope, nucleolus, nucleus, organelle, plasma
membrane (cell membrane) plastid, ribosome, vacuole, vesicle
Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE launching the Gizmo.)
1. You have many different organs that make up your body. Each organ does a certain
job. For example, your kidneys clean your blood. Name another organ of your body
and tell what it does.
_______________________________________________________________
2.
Cells are made up of many different organelles. Each organelle does a certain job.
Do you know the names of any of these organelles?
_______________________________________________________________
3.
How do you think the cells of plants might be different from the cells of animals?
_______________________________________________________________
Getting Ready: Open a new document in Microsoft Word, and then minimize it to use
later.
Gizmo Warm-up Click on “Launch Gizmo”.
The Cell Structure Gizmo™ allows you to look at typical animal and plant cells under a
microscope. To start, click Sample to take a sample of an animal cell.
1.
Move the Zoom slider back and forth to see the cell at different magnifications.
When you are finished, set the magnification at 500x magnification (which
means the cell looks 500 times larger than normal).
Notice that a “slice” has been taken out of the cell, from top to bottom so that
you can see what it looks like inside. Some of the organelles inside have been
sliced also.
2. Now, take a few minutes to “play” with the sliders on the right and bottom. What do
these sliders do?
______________________________________________________________________
3. Make sure the cell is “centered”. Look at the left side of the Gizmo, underneath the
picture of the hand. You should see the word “centrioles” in the box. Click on the
down arrow on the box. What do you see?
______________________________________________________________________
4. Choose “plasma membrane” from the list. A red arrow will appear to point out the
plasma membrane in the diagram. What color is the plasma membrane in the
diagram?
_____________________________________________________________________
5. Read the description of the plasma membrane. What is the job of the plasma
membrane?
_____________________________________________________________________
Activity A:
Animal cells
Get the Gizmo ready:
 Check that an Animal cell is mounted on the
microscope.
 Keep the Zoom at 500x.
Question: Organelles are specialized structures that perform different jobs in the
cell. What are the functions of the organelles in animal cells? You will learn the
answer to this question by following the directions below.
Label: Locate each organelle in the animal cell. Label the organelles in the diagram
below. Be sure to write neatly and spell correctly.
1. Match: Read about each organelle. Then match each organelle to its
function/description
____ Cytoplasm
____ Lysosome
____ Mitochondria
____ Vacuole
____ Plasma membrane
____ Nucleus
____ Ribosome
____ Nuclear envelope
A. Membrane that protects the nucleus.
B. Membrane that surrounds and protects the cell.
C. Sac filled with digestive chemicals.
D. They are called the “powerhouses” of the cell because they convert nutrients to
energy.
E. Jelly-like substance within the plasma membrane.
F. Structure that contains DNA and directs the cell..
G. Small structure that synthesizes proteins.
H. Sac that stores water, nutrients, or waste products
2.
Screen Shots: Choose “vacuole” from the list of organelles. Click on “Copy
Screen” at the bottom of the Gizmo. Now, bring up the Word document you
opened up before starting the Gizmo. Paste the picture into your Word
document. Minimize the document.
Activity B:
Plant cells
Get the Gizmo ready:
 Select View plant cell, and click Sample.
 Set the Zoom to 500x.
Question for Activity B: What jobs do the organelles in a plant cell perform? You
will learn the answer to the question by following the directions below.
1. Label: Locate each organelle in the plant cell. Label the organelles in the diagram
below. Be sure to write neatly and spell correctly.
2. Screen Shots: Choose “vacuole” from the list of organelles. Click on “Copy
Screen” at the bottom of the Gizmo. Now, bring up your Word document and paste
the picture.
3. Compare: Look at the vacuoles in the animal cell and in the plant cell. How are they
different?
___________________________________________________________________
What 2 structures are present in an animal cell, but not in a plant cell?
(Hint: One begins with “c” and the other one begins with “l”).
___________________________________________________________________
What 3 structures are present in a plant cell, but not in an animal cell? (Hint: two of
them begin with “c” and the other one begins with “p”).
___________________________________________________________________
4. Fill in: Name the organelle or organelles that perform each of the following
functions. The first letter of each answer is given.
A. C_____________________ convert sunlight to chemical energy.
B. The c_____________________ and the v_____________________ help to support
the plant cell and help it to maintain its shape.
C. P_____________________ store food or pigments.
D. The m_____________________ is called the “powerhouse” of the cell. It converts
food into energy. It is found in both plant cells and animal cells.
Assessment Questions (5):
1. Which of the following is a mitochondrion?
o
A. Structure A
o
B. Structure B
o
C. Structure C
o
D. Structure D
2. Which of the following structures is where photosynthesis happens in a plant cell?
o
A. Golgi apparatus
o
B. Mitochondria
o
C. Chloroplasts
o
D. Centrioles
3. Which of the following statements correctly describes a difference between plant cells and animal cells?
o
A. Plant cells have an envelope surrounding the nucleus. Animal cells do not.
o
B. Animal cells contain mitochondria. Plant cells do not.
o
C. Animal cells contain chloroplasts. Plant cells do not.
o
D. Plant cells are surrounded by a cell wall. Animal cells are not.
4. What is the job of the structure shown with the red arrow?
o
A. It has a major role in protein synthesis.
o
B. It acts as the powerhouse for the cell.
o
C. It stores water for the cell.
o
D. It controls what enters and leaves the cell
5. Which of the following is nicknamed the "powerhouse" of the cell?
o
A. Nucleolus
o
B. Vesicles
o
C. Mitochondrion