st
April 1
527 – Justinian becomes the Roman Emperor of the Eastern Empire
1748 – The ruins of Pompeii were discovered
1976 – Apple Computer Company founded by Steve Jobs
Objectives
Explain how the fall of Rome and
the authority of the Church shaped
the early Middle Ages.
Describe the creation of the Holy
Roman Empire.
Analyze the feudal system.
Agenda
Announcements / Handback Quizes
Kahoot Warm-up
Finish Middles Ages Part 1 Power Point
Feudalism Graphic Organizer
Middle Ages Part 2 Power Point
The Church in the
Middle Ages
Church Power
Grows
Christianity
Church had more power than kings
Missionaries start converting Germanic
tribes
Some missionaries taught Germans how
to write in Latin
People looked to priests for religious and
social needs
Monks &
Monasteries
Monasteries: places where monks lived
Used to preserve learning, including
Greek & Roman achievements
Eventually created Europe's first
universities
The Holy Roman
Empire
The Franks
Germanic tribe that
settled in France
First king: Clovis
First Germanic king to
convert to Catholicism
Charles Martel (Charles
the Hammer)
United the Franks
Defeats the Muslims in
the Battle of Tours
Charlemagne
Charles Martel's grandson
Expands the empire making it the
biggest empire in Europe since
Rome
Unites Western Europe
Coronation
Charlemagne saves
the pope from a mob
in Rome
The pope crowns
Charlemagne as the
Holy Roman
Emperor
Together, they
become VERY
powerful
Charlemagne's
Achievements
Creates strong laws
Good emperor
Spreads Christianity
Brings back learning
Builds new roads,
schools, and churches
This helps unite the
empire
Life After
Charlemagne
Louis the Pious
Charlemagne's son
Bad ruler
Charlemagne's three grandsons
Fight each other for power
Divide the empire into three
kingdoms
No longer a united empire
Treaty of
Verdun, 843
The Crusades
Feudalism began to
fall apart
Muslims began
invading the
Byzantine Empire
Muslims, Jews, and
Christians began
fighting for control of
Jerusalem
Muslims
Jerusalem was
the place
Muhammad rose
to heaven
It is where he
received the
messages from
Gabriel
Spiritual capital where Abraham and God
made the covenant
Where King Solomon built the Great
Temple
Jews
Place where Jesus was crucified and
rose from the dead
Christians
Conflict
Christians were
worried they wouldn't
be able to visit
Jerusalem
Also worried that the
Muslims would
conquer
Constantinople
First Crusade
 Crusade: Holy war
 Pope Urban II started a crusade to take
Jerusalem
 Promised knights that they would go to heaven
 Results:
 Christians won
 Killed LOTS of Muslims and Jews
Second
Crusade
Saladin, leader of the
Muslims, led his army to
Jerusalem
Results:
Muslims take back
Jerusalem
Results of the
Second
Crusade
Europeans decided to go
on another crusade
Led by King Richard I
Made it to Jerusalem but
the battled ended up in a
tie
King Richard & Saladin
signed a peace treaty
Reconquista
Christians in the Iberian Peninsula
were fighting to take Spain from the
Muslims
Spanish Inquisition: Queen Isabella &
King Ferdinand created a court to
punish Muslims and Jews
Also tried to convert them to
Christianity
Results of the
Crusades
Losses:
Church lost some power
Feudalism started to collapse
Hatred between different religions
grew
Wins:
Trade increased
Cultural diffusion