Name: _______________________________
USVA History
Chapter 22.3 – Hoover Struggles with the Depression
What is the most important thing for this section (Main Idea) Write it your own words–
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Hoover’s approach
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Hoover tried to reassure Americans that the nation’s economy was ______________
Americans had to remain optimistic
Business as usual
Depression is a ______________________ part of the business cycle
The economy will fix _____________________
Believed government’s role was to encourage and facilitate cooperation not
____________________________it
Americans values ______________________________ therefore Hoover opposed any
form of federal welfare or direct relief
What are your thoughts on the two schools of thought regarding our economy?
What are the pros and cons of individualism vs. collectivism?
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 Felt it would weaken peoples self-respect
 His answer to the problem was to let individuals, charities and local organizations pitch
in and help
Cautious steps
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Hoover called together key ______________________ in business, banking and labor
o Urged them to work together to find a solution
Asked employers not to cut wages or lay off workers and asked laborers not to strike
Created a special organization to help private charities generate contributions
None of this worked
Shantytowns arose in every city and hobos continued to roam
Democrats Win Congress
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As the difficulties increased the political tides turned ____________________ Hoover
and the Republicans
The Democrats took advantage of the anti-Hoover sentiments to win more seats in
Congress
People’s reaction to Hoover
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Farmers burned their corn and wheat and dumped their milk on highways rather than sell
it at a loss
People were calling shantytowns “____________________________________”
Hoover continued to hold firm to his principles
Hoover Takes Action
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Backed the creation of the _______________________________________________intended to raise crop prices by helping members to buy crops and keep them off the
market until prices rose
_______________________________________________ (1932)- lowered mortgage
rates for homeowners and allowed farmers to refinance to avoid foreclosure
__________________________________________________ (RFC) authorized up to $2
billion for emergency financing for banks, life insurance companies, RR, and other large
businesses
o Hoover believed that the money would ____________________________ to the
average citizen through job growth and higher wages
o Businesses still __________________________
Bonus Army
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In 1932, 10,000-20,000 WWI __________________________ and their families
marched in Washington DC and called themselves the ____________________ Army
Supported the ______________________________ Bill under debate that authorized the
gov’t to pay a bonus to WWI Vets who hadn’t be paid adequately for their service
o Bill was approved in 1924 but was to be paid out in 1945 (cash and life insurance)
but Vets wanted to be paid immediately
o Built shantytowns in front of the Capitol
July 28- Hoover sent troops to ____________________________ the Bonus Army
o ______________________________ more than 1,000 people including an 11
month old baby who died and an 8 yr old who was permanently blindedHoover’s image suffered and _______________________________ easily won
the next election