 Get
out your paper that is labeled “A
comparison of Sparta and Athens” and
begin reviewing it.
 ruled
much of Europe for nearly 1000
years.
 The culture was spread throughout
Europe during its rule.
 Rome's culture still has an impact in the
Western world today.
 i.e. government, engineering,
architecture, language, and literature.
 509
BC to 45 BC.
 Rome first grew into power as a Republic
 Senators were elected officials that
served for a limited amount of time, not
kings who were born into leadership and
ruled for life.
 written laws
 a constitution
 a balance of powers
 The
Roman Republic did not have a
precise written constitution. The
constitution was more of a set of
guidelines and principals that were
passed down from generation to
generation. It provided for separate
branches of government and balances of
power.
 45
BC- Julius Caesar took over the Roman
Republic and made himself the supreme
dictator
 27 BC, Caesar Augustus became the first
Roman Emperor and this was the start of
the Roman Empire.
 . Much of the lower level government
 2nd
century around the year 117 AD
under the rule of the great Roman
emperor Trajan.
 Virtually all of the coastline along the
Mediterranean Sea was part of the
Roman Empire.
 This included Spain, Italy, France,
southern Britain, Turkey, Israel, Egypt,
and northern Africa.
•The politicians and rulers of Rome became
more and more corrupt
•Infighting and civil wars within the Empire
•Attacks from barbarian tribes outside of the
empire such as the Visigoths, Huns, Franks,
and Vandals.
•The Roman army was no longer a dominant
force
•The empire became so large it was difficult
to govern
 In
285 AD, Emperor Diocletian decided
that the Roman Empire was too big to
manage.
 He divided the Empire into two parts, the
Eastern Roman Empire and the Western
Roman Empire.
 Over
the next hundred years Rome would
be reunited, split into three parts, and
split in two again.
 395 AD, the empire was split into two for
good.
 Western Empire capital is Rome
 Eastern Empire capital is Constantinople
 410
AD, a Germanic barbarian tribe
called the Visigoths invaded the city.
 looted, killed and enslaved Romans, and
destroyed buildings.
 This was the first time in 800 years that
the city of Rome had been sacked.
 476
AD, a Germanic barbarian Odoacer
seized control of Rome.
 Became king of Italy
 Due
to the Fall of Rome