China: Water Management
and Accounting Project
May 22-24, 2006
Hague
Contents
Part 1. Water management status in China
Part 2. Cooperation project related to
SEEAW (as planed)
Part 3. Integrated water management based
on water accounts (as planed)
Part 1.
Water Management Status in China
A. Water related problems
B. Water policy and practice
A. Water related problems
a) uneven distribution of water resources
b) water shortage aggravates
c) serious flood damage
d) serious water pollution
e) problems related to water ecology and
environment
a) Water resources uneven distribution
Average rainfall in the north
50-800mm
uneven distribution in
space
North:
water resources 19%
population 47%
cultivated land 64%
GDP 45%
South:
Average rainfall in the south
800-2000mm
water resources 81%
population 53%
cultivated land 35%
GDP 55%
b) water shortage, conflict between water
demand and supply worsen
Unit：m3
7800
10000
alarming level
8000
6000
2200
4000
1760
2000
0
world
average
28%
per capita per capita
in China at in China in
2030
present
c) flood control capacity is fairly low, flood
damage is serious
- high flood risk
- severe burden on flood control
- serious damage
- national average losses since 1990 was 110
billion yuan
d) serious water pollution intensifies water
shortage
●
construction
of
wastewater
treatment
infrastructure is lagging behind
●
pricing mechanism of urban and industrial
wastewater treatment is far from perfect
●
grave water pollution problem.
B. Water policy and practice
In recent years, guided by the
concept
of
sustainable
water
management, China has established
series of water policies and achieved
new progress.
a) Drinking water safety is priority
- More than 20 billion Yuan has been invested in past 5
years
- 60 million rural population gain access to drinking
water
- Provide drinking water to another 100 million rural
residents by 2010
Investment (billion yuan)
3.5
Population with access to
drinking water (million)
25
3.4
3
2.8
20.46
20
16.37
2.5
2
15
1.7
9.77
1.5
1
10
0.6
5
3.86
0.5
0
2000
2001
2002
2003
0
2000
2001
2002
2003
b) Develop a water saving society
 promote reform on water management system
 complete water quantity allocation for major rivers &
lakes by 2010
 enact water-abstract permission system
 encourage water user participation
 promote technology upgrading & products application
Water supply project
c) accelerate construction of flood-control
and disaster-mitigation system to ensure
flood control security
- make room for flood
- combine structural measures with non-structural measures
- invested into comprehensive flood control system
reclaimed farmland retreated to lake
2900km2 water surface restored
d) emphasize food security and improve
supporting and protecting systems for
agriculture
- save agricultural water
- secure agricultural water use
- realize zero-increase of total water use
e) Accelerate construction of water
allocation projects to enhance regulation on
temporal and spatial distribution of water
plan and build south-to-north
water diversion project
√construct regional water
allocation projects
√ increase of water supply
√relieve ecological deterioration
f) strengthen water pollution prevention to
restrain further deterioration of water
environment
- About 15,000 enterprises were closed due to high water
consumption and pollution discharge
- Formulating water functioning zone management system
by 2010
urban wastewater treatment rate
above 60％
water quality of functioning zone
in major water body
above 65％
quality of water sources for urban
water supply
95％
h) Improve Water management system
and mechanism
 establishment and implementation of corresponding
regulations, policies and technical standards
 establishment of water management system based on
river basin management & administrative district
management
 promotion
management
of
urban
and
rural
integrated
water
 encourage private capital in water market construction
and operation.
Part 2.
Cooperation project related to
SEEAW (as planed)
A. Cooperation form
B. Accounting contents
C. Working stages
A. Cooperation form
Collaborator:
MWR: Data source
NBS: National Accounting Background
Supporter:
UNSD: Implementation of SEEAW
B. Accounting contents
Physical accounts
Flow: SUT, emission accounts
Stock: asset accounts, quality accounts
Monetary accounts
Protect expenditure
C. Working stages
a. Staff training
b. Data collection (statistics and
surveys)
c. River basin trial
d. Implementation at national level
Part 3.
Integrated water management based
on water accounts (as planed)
A. Indicators
B. Implementation
A. Indicators Selection
a. Proportion of people with safe
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
drinking water
Water allocation by sectors
Water use efficiency
Investment of infrastructure
Pricing/cost recovery
Water quality
B. Implementation
a. Water resources planning for IWRM
b. Promotion of water-saving
c. Promotion of water-environment
protection
d. Collaboration among agencies
e. Establishment of adaptable and
standard methodology facing China’s
water and economic situation
Thank you