Chapter 2 Vocabulary
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missionaries – people who work to convert others to their religion
presidio – Spanish fort located near Spanish mission
viceroy – ruler of a section of the Spanish empire in the Americas, appointed by the
Spanish king
mestizo – child of mixed Spanish and Indian ancestry
mission – a location for missionary work
Northwest Passage – a supposed water route to Asia through the cold waters of presentday Canada
Quebec – first permanent European settlement
in Canada
Samuel de Champlain – Quebec’s founder
coureurs de bois – French fur traders who married Indian women
metis – children of French and Indian marriages
charter – a certificate of permission from the king to colonize an area in the Americas
joint-stock company – a group of investors in the colonizing effort who shared in profits
and losses of a colony
Powhatan – powerful chief of 30 Indian tribes in area of Jamestown colony
John Smith – leader in Jamestown colony
House of Burgesses – first representative body in colonial America
proprietary colonies – English colonies in America that belonged to powerful individuals
or companies
Bacon’s Rebellion – a revolt in September 1676, where Nathaniel Bacon marched his
armed followers to Jamestown, drove out the governor, and burned the town
Lord Baltimore – owner and governor of the colony of Maryland
James Oglethorpe – leader of the colony of Georgia
Puritan – people who wanted to purify the Anglican church, the official and legal church
of England
Separatist – people who started their own church separate from the Anglican church
Pilgrims – the first Puritan emigrants to
New England in 1620
Mayflower Compact – agreement in which pilgrims agreed to form a government and
obey its laws
John Winthrop − leader who, in 1630, led a large group of Puritans to America, settling
first in present-day Boston
Roger Williams − religious dissenter who criticized Puritans’ Indian policy and was
banned from Massachusetts Bay Colony
Anne Hutchinson − religious dissenter who was banned from Massachusetts Bay Colony
Pequot War − begun in 1636, battle between Indians and Puritans over Puritan
expansions of land and control of trade
28. King Philip’s War − 1675 Indian uprising that included many Indian villages in
Massachusetts Bay Colony
29. Metacom − Indian leader also called King Philip by colonists
30. push factor – events and circumstances that motivate people to leave their homes
31. pull factor − events and circumstances that attract people to a new location
32. William Penn − wealthy Quaker Englishman who founded Pennsylvania
33. Quaker − unlike Puritans, sought inner understanding of Bible, considered women equal,
and were pacifists