Human muscle list - by region to identify only
(Muscles with * - know also origin and insertion)
Muscle name
Action
Head - Facial expression
frontalis
occipitalis
Orbicularis oculi
Zygomaticus
Major and minor
Wrinkles forehead and
elevate eyebrows
Closes eye
Elevates angle of
mouth
Risorius
Orbicularis oris
Origin
Insertion
Clinical importance
Clavicular head-clavicle;
sternal head - sternum
mastoid process of temporal
bone
Landmark for jugular
furrow and Jugular Veins
Retracts angle of
mouth
Narrows orifice of
mouth,
Mastication
Masseter
Temporalis
Buccinator
Anterolateral muscles of the Human Neck
Together flex the neck;
* Sternocleidomastoid
one side – bends head
towards shoulder
Abdominal Wall
Rectus abdominis
External oblique
Internal oblique
Transversus abdominus
Core support; defecation
Thorax and Shoulder,
Superficial
* Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior
* Deltoid
Respiration muscles
External intercostals
Internal intercostals
Diaphragm
Rotate and adducts
shoulder
Elevates ribs if scapula
fixed, protracts scapula
Laterally rotates and
protracts scapula
Abducts arm
Clavicle, sternum and ribs
humerus
Clavicle and scapula
deltoid tuberosity of humerus
change volume of
thoracic cavity
change volume of
thoracic cavity
change volume of
thoracic cavity
I.M. injection site for
adults
respiration
respiration
Scapular rotators
* Rhomboids
♦ Major
♦ Minor
* Rotator Cuff
Subscapularis
Infraspinatus
Supraspinatus
Back muscles
* Trapezius
Latissimus dorsi
Adducts scapula,
T2-T5 vertebrae
scapula
C7 and T1
scapula
Sport injuries
Rotation of shoulder
Rotation of shoulder
Rotation of shoulder
Elevates and rotates
scapula
Extends and rotates
shoulder.
scapula
scapula
scapula
humerus
humerus
humerus
Myofascial trigger point
Cardiomyoplasty
Muscles of that move the
forearm and hand
* Biceps brachii
* Triceps brachii
Muscles that act on hand and
fingers
1. Pronators/supinators
Pronator teres
Supinator
2. flexors of the hand and
fingers
Flexor carpi radialis
* Flexor carpi ulnaris
Palmaris longus
3. extensors of the hand and
fingers
Extensor carpi radialis longus
* Extensor carpi ulnaris
Extensor digitorum
Muscles that move the Thigh
Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Adductor brevis
Adductor Longus
Adductor magnus
* Gracilis
flexes elbow,
Extend elbow
scapula
Humerus and scapula
radius
Ulna
Medial epicondyle of
humerus and ulna.
Carpal bones
humerus ulna
Carpal bones
Tendon reflex
Tendon reflex
pronation
supination
Flexes and abducts
wrist
Flexes and adducts
wrist.
Flexes wrist
Extends hand at wrist
Extends hand at wrist
Extends fingers
Extends hip.
Extends hip.
Adduction of the hip
Adduction of the hip
Adduction of hip
Adduction of hip,
flexes knee
I.M. injection in adults
I.M. injection in adults
Reconstructive flap for GI
and Reproductive surgeries
Muscles that move the leg
1. flexors of the knee hamstrings
* Biceps femoris
* Semitendinosus
* Semimembranosus
* Sartorius
Sport injury
Flexes and laterally
rotates knee
Flexes and laterally
rotates knee
Flexes and laterally
rotates knee
Pubis and femor
Fibula and tibia
femor
Tibia
femor
tibia
Abduct/rotate hip; flex
knee
ilium
tibia
2. extensors of the knee
(anterior)
Qudriceps
* Rectus femoris
* Vastus lateralis
* Vastus medialis
* Vastus intermedius
Patellar tendon reflex
Extends knee.
Extends knee
ilium
femor
Tibia via patellar ligament
Tibia via patellar ligament
Extends knee.
Extends knee
Femor
femor
Tibia via patellar ligament
Tibia via patellar ligament
Plantar flexes foot.
Femor
Tarsal bones
Plantar flexes foot
Plantar flexes and
inverts foot.
tibia fibula
Tarsal bones
I.M. injection in infants
Extrinsic Muscles acting on
Foot and Ankle
Action at ankle
1. flexors (dorsiflexors)
* Gastrocnemius
* Soleus
Tibialis posterior
Calcaneal tendon (Achilles)
Calcanean tendon reflex
Calcanean tendon reflex
Club foot (varus
deformation)