BIOL 2401 Anatomy and Physiology I
Review Guide for Lab Practical 1
Exercises 1, 2, 4 – 8
Exercise 1
Recognize and describe anatomical position
Identify and label surface anatomy
Use directional terms to describe the position of organs and appendages
Recognize and describe the various sectional planes
Identify and describe the body cavities
Identify and describe the abdominal quadrants and surface regions
Identify, describe, differentiate among, and provide the functions of the serous
membranes of the ventral cavity
Exercise 2
Define tissue, organ, organ system
List and provide the functions of the organ systems of the human body
List the organs comprising each organ system
Describe the position of each organ using anatomical terminology
Exercise 4
Identify the major structures of the typical animal cell and provide the function of each
structure
Exercise 5 (A&B)
Describe “selective permeability”
List and define the passive membrane transport processes
Differentiate among the passive membrane processes
Distinguish between active transport and passive transport mechanisms
Use data to determine the mode of transport of a substance through a membrane
Exercise 6 (A&B)
Define “histology”
List and describe the general characteristics of the four major categories of tissues
Recognize from diagrams, photos, or microscope slides the various epithelia, connective
tissues, muscle tissues, and neural (nervous) tissue
Describe the functions and locations of the various epithelia, connective tissues, muscle
tissues, and neural (nervous) tissue
Identify structural components of the various tissues (e.g. collagen fibers, lacunae, central
canal, etc.)
Exercise 7
Describe the basic structure of the skin (integument, cutaneous membrane), providing the
predominant tissue type for each layer
Identify from models or microscope slides the various layers of the epidermis
Identify from models or microscope slides the various layers of the dermis
Provide the locations and functions of keratinocytes, melanocytes, langerhans’ cells, and
merkel cells
Identify from models, diagrams, or microscope slides the structural layers of hair follicles
and fingernails
Describe the growth of hair and nails
Identify arrector pili muscles and explain their function
Identify from models, diagrams, or microscope slides the various glands of the skin and
describe their functions
Exercise 8
List and describe the structural features and locations of mucous membranes, serous
membranes, and synovial membranes
Exercise 44
List and describe the developmental events of the embryonic development t(from
fertilization, cleavage, implantation). Compare the sea urchin versus the human events in
development.
Identify the developmental stages in the models.
ANY TERM IN BOLD PRINT IN ALL EXERCISES SHOULD BE DEFINED!