Name _______________________________________________ Period _____________
Ch. 8, Ancient Rome, Section 1, The Roman Republic, p. 228-235
1.
_________________________ & ________________________ were twin boys, to the father __________________.
2.
The king thought that someday would______________________ him and take his throne, so he had the boys left in a basket on
the _______________________________ .
3.
The boys were found by ______________________ and she raised him.
a.
Eventually some ___________________ found the twins and took them home to raise them.
4.
Romulus wanted to build a city on top of _________________________________.
5.
Remus preferred _____________________________.
6.
They agreed to wait for a sign from the gods. Remus saw __________________________, but Romulus saw
__________________________, each claiming to have won.
7.
Romulus built a wall around __________________________.
8.
Remus was jealous and began to _______________________ of Romulus’ wall; he even jumped over the wall to show how easy it
was.
9.
Romulus __________________________________________.
10. _____________________ officially founded the city making himself king and named it _________________.
I.
Rome’s Geography and Early Settlement
1.
Romans valued ___________________ & ______________________.
A. Geographical Advantages
1.
The first settlers on ___________________________________ weren’t thinking about building an empire.
2.
The site was chosen for:
a.
______________________________________________________________________
b.
______________________________________________________________________
c.
______________________________________________________________________
3.
Rome’s other advantage: it was at the center of a ____________________________________
4.
Italy juts out into the _____________________________________
B.
The Etruscans
1.
We know very little about the people who founded ____________________.
2.
A mysterious people, ____________________________ took power in Rome.
3.
Etruscans ruled as _________ of Rome, but many people didn’t like being ruled by an all-powerful king and having no say in
how they were ________________________.
4.
Romans _____________ against the harsh reign of _____________________ _____________________ and drove the
_____________________ from power.
5.
II.
The victors adapted ______________________ ideas.
a.
Many of the Roman ______________ were Etruscans gods.
b.
They also borrowed the Etruscan ___________________________.
c.
The Roman garment, the _____________, came from the Etruscans.
Romans Form a Republic
A. The Roman Senate
1.
The most powerful part is the ___________________.
2.
The senate is the same as our _______________________ branch of our govt.
a.
The branch that ____________ and _____________ on new laws.
3.
The senate is made up of _____________________ men called __________________________.
a.
Patrician: __________________________________________________________________________
‘4. ___________________ could not hold public office.
a.
Plebian: ____________________________________________________________________________
5.
The Romans vowed to never again put so much trust in ___________________________.
6.
They wanted a govt. that didn’t rely on _____________________.
7.
The Romans gained control of the entire __________________________ peninsula and established a new form of
_____________________, __________________________.
a.
B.
Republic: ___________________________________________________________________________
The Roman Consuls
1.
Two chief officials led the govt. called ___________________________.
a.
2.
Consul: ____________________________________________________________________________
The consuls were like our _____________________, chief executives who ____________________ the Republics laws
and policies.
3.
___________________________ couldn’t be consuls.
4.
Ruled for _________________.
5.
________________ consuls had to agree before the govt. could take action.
6.
If one consul _______________, the matter was dropped.
a.
C.
Vetoed: __________________________________________________________________________
Other Important Officials
1.
Romans new that their govt. wouldn’t work if both consuls disagreed so, their law held a ________________, who could
be appointed and handled ______________________________.
a.
2.
Dictator: _______________________________________________________________________________
______________________ were other important officials, _________________ consuls, who later served as judges in
_____________________ trials that settled disputes about money, business, contracts, etc.
D. Patricians Versus Plebeians
1.
The expansion of Rome’s influence throughout Italy caused growing troubles between the _________________ and
_____________________.
2.
_____________________ were leaders who fought hard to keep control of the govt.
3.
_____________________ believed they had a right to be ________________ and ______________ fairly.
4.
Plebeians didn’t trust the ___________________________ senate and believed they were unfair.
5.
_______________________ grew wealthy due to Rome’s ____________________.
a.
Explain conquests: ___________________________________________________________________
6.
The farms the Patricians bought were worked by ________________, who came from conquered lands.
7.
Plebian ______________ found themselves without work.
8.
Plebeians refused to fight in the Roman ________________.
9.
One main demand of the Plebeians was for a written code of laws called _______________________________.
10. They were hung in marketplaces so that all ______________________________________________________.
E.
Master of the Mediterranean
1.
While Plebeians and Patricians fought for power, Rome’s armies were _________________________________.
2.
Rome’s armies invaded __________________, present day Tunisia, and completed destroyed its empire.
3.
Other Roman armies finished the job of conquering _________________ (Philip and Alexander’s conquests.)
4.
Then they turned to the land of _____________, present day France.
III. The Decline of the Republic
A. The Rise of Julius Caesar
1.
________________ was a smart leader, eager for power, which won him ________________ from his troops.
2.
War broke out between ___________________ and Italy’s senate.
3.
Caesar won the war and became _________________ of the Roman world.
4.
Caesar ruled with great power, taking much of which belonged to the _______________.
5.
Caesar took over important public offices for ____ years.
6.
He became the only _________, making himself ______________ for life.
7.
Caesar took many useful steps to reorganize the govt., but too many senators thought Rome once again had a ________,
and they hated the idea.
B.
The Death of a Dictator
1.
On _________________________, Caesar had plans to attend a meeting of the _____________.
2.
_________________ sensed ___________ and urged him ___________________, but Caesar insisted.
3.
A group of _______________ gathered around Caesar and stabbed him.
4.
Although Caesar had been a strong ruler, many Romans felt he had gone _________________ and _________________
in gathering _________________.
C.
From Republic to Empire
1.
______________________ followed Caesar’s death.
a.
Explain civil war: ____________________________________________________________________
2.
When the war ended after _____ years, Caesar’s adopted son, ___________________ held power.
3.
The senate award Octavian the title of ____________________, meaning _____________________________.
4.
Octavian became the first __________________ of Rome.
5.
The rule of ____________________ marked the beginning of the Roman ______________ and the end of the Roman
_____________________.
6.
The Roman Republic lasted __________ years, but ____________________ and powerful
____________________________ destroyed Rome’s republic forms of rule/govt.
7.
For the next ____________ years, the great Roman civilization would be ruled not by ___________, but by an allpowerful _____________.