Metabolism • The sum total of ALL chemical reactions within a cell – Catabolic – Anabolic Oxidation/reduction reactions Biological Oxidation ATP is made in catabolic reactions and used in anabolic reactions Ways cells make ATP • Substrate level phosphorylation • Oxidative phosphorylation • Photophosphorylation Types of Bacterial Metabolism • Fermentation • Respiration – Aerobic Respiration – Anaerobic Respiration • Photosynthesis Keep in mind…glucose becomes many different things Fermentation • The incomplete breakdown of glucose with an organic compound serving as the final electron acceptor • Only pathway operating is glycolysis Fermentation Lactic Acid Bacteria Saccharomyces produces ethanol Fermentation products can vary Aerobic Respiration • The COMPLETE breakdown of glucose to CO2 and H2O with an inorganic compound serving as the final electron acceptor Remember the pathways in aerobic respiration are… • Glycolysis – Some use Pentose Phosphate Pathway instead • TCA cycle • Electron transport chain What is made as a result of the TCA cycle? • ATP • Reducing power • Precursor metabolites made from alphaketoglutarate and oxaloacetate Electron Transport Chain • Found in the cytoplasmic membrane • Contains electron carriers – – – – Flavoproteins Iron-sulfur proteins Quinones Cytochromes Model for energy release in ETC ETC in prokaryotes ATP yield from aerobic respiration Comparison of three types of metabolism Remember we are focusing on catabolic reactions • Generate ATP for later use by cell • Generate precursors for other pathways • Need to re-oxidize coenzymes for continual use Precursor metabolites