honors biology
review
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Ch. 8 Mitosis/Meiosis
1. How many parents are involved in:
a. asexual reproduction?
b. sexual reproduction?
2. Describe the environment that favors:
a. asexual reproduction?
b. sexual reproduction?
3. Describe the effect on variation for each
a. asexual reproduction?
b. sexual reproduction?
4. What are these used for?
a. mitosis
b. meiosis?
5. Describe the structure of the DNA molecule as defined by W & C
6. Which kind of macromolecule combines with DNA to stabilize and control its
transcription?
7. Name the process that divides nuclear information.
8. Name the process that divides cytoplasm to make new cells.
9. Draw and label the phases in the cell cycle.
a. add chromosome pictures in G1, G2
b. check points located?
10. What happens to a cell if these check points are ignored?
11. What are cells supposed to do when they get crowded and touch one
another?
12. Draw a simplistic diagram of a benign tumor and a malignant (metastasized)
tumor.
13. Draw cytokinesis for a plant cell and an animal cell side by side.
14. What do chromosomes do in meiosis that they DO NOT do in mitosis?
15. Draw a stick person. Circle where in the body meiosis is occurring.
16. Draw the human sex cells.
17. Draw the chromosomes in a sex cell if 2n = 6.
18. In humans, name the sex chromosomes.
19. What can a karyotype tell you about your expectant baby?
20. Why might you have a karyotype done on yourself?
21. Which is worse, nondisjunction in meiosis I or meiosis II?
22. Which kingdom most often shows polyploidy? (4n)
(bacteria, protists, fungi, plants, animals)
23. Which human chromosomes are most tolerant of a trisomy condition?
Ch. 10 DNA to RNA to Protein
24. How are DNA and RNA different?
25. Write out Chargaff’s rules for nitrogen base pairing.
a. for DNA to DNA
b. for DNA to RNA
26. Join the following DNA sequence to new DNA nucleotides
a. T A C G T G C C A T G G
27. Take this sequence and transcribe it.
28. Take your transcript and translate it using the code of life on page 192.
29. Briefly, what is the “Central Dogma” in expressing DNA into protein?
30. What is the difference between the lytic cycle and the lysogenic cycle of viral
infection?
31. How do bacteria increase genetic variation when they reproduce by binary
fission creating clones?
Mrs. Loyd 
cloyd@waukee.k12.ia.us
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Ch. 9 Genetics
32. Draw a diagram of a person undergoing pangenesis.
33. If a plant self-pollinates and produces only offspring that look like
the parent, what do you know about the genotype of the parent?
34. What is the difference between:
a. genotype
b. phenotype?
35. Where does the “Central Dogma” fit into your explanation?
36. For a Mendelian monohybrid cross, what is the F1:
a. phenotypic ratio
b. genotypic ratio
37. For a Mendelian monohybrid cross, what is the F2:
a. phenotypic ratio
b. genotypic ratio
38. For a Mendelian dihybrid cross, what is the F1:
a. phenotypic ratio
b. genotypic ratio
39. For a Mendelian dihybrid cross, what is the F2:
a. phenotypic ratio
b. genotypic ratio
40. Omitting sister chromatids, draw a picture of homologous
chromosomes, heterozygous for the genes a and b.
41. If you have a dominant animal of unknown genotype, what would
you do to determine whether it is homozygous dominant or
heterozygous?
42. If the animal is a fruit fly, and it has 100 offspring that are all
dominant for the trait in question, what is the genotype of the
dominant parent?
43. If the animal is a cow, and it has five calves that are all dominant for
the trait, what is the genotype of the dominant parent?
44. What is the probability that each was heterozygous?
a. fruit fly
b. cow
45. Why would someone have amniocentesis or CVS done?
46. How does a codominant trait express itself?
47. Give an example of a codominant trait.
48. Describe the heterozygote advantage for sickle-cell allele.
49. What is pleiotropy?
50. Give an example of pleiotropy.
51. What type of inheritance pattern is the opposite of pleiotropy?
52. What mechanism unlinks linked genes?
53. Give three examples of human sex-linked traits.
54. What makes them sex linked?
55. Why are males more often affected by sex-linked traits than
females?
56. How can scientists claim that 8% of men currently living in Central
Asia may be descended from the Mongolian ruler Genghis Khan?
Mrs. Loyd 
cloyd@waukee.k12.ia.us
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