BIOLOGY
Properties of Water
Due to polar covalent bonds within the water molecule.
Creates hydrogen bonding (H-bonding) between molecules.
Evaporative
Cooling
Emergent Properties of Water
Due to hydrogen bonding
Explanation
Terrestrial
Humans sweat when
(S to L or L to G, applies to both phase changes,
overheated.
not just evaporation)
Wind chill can be
Heat must be used to overcome H-bonds AND
lethal.
increase K.E. of particles before phase change
can occur.
Transpiration: a
Molecules with the most K.E. evaporate leaving
plant's leaves lose
cooler (lower K.E.) molecules behind.
water & stay cooler.
Capillary
Action
Adhesion: attraction between unlike molecules
plus cohesion: attraction between like molecules.
Helps plants move
water from roots to
leaves.
Density of
Water vs. Ice
Water molecules crowd together as water cools
until it is at its densest at 4C. As water freezes,
the number of hydrogen bonds between
molecules increases to the maximum of four; this
requires 9% more volume so ice floats on water.
Polar bears use ice
as territory.
Universal
Solvent
The polar nature of water allows it to move
between the ions of minerals dissolving them.
Water distributes
essential minerals to
plants everywhere.
The heat required to raise the temperature of the
unit mass of a given substance by one degree.
Moderation
of Temp
aka: high
specific heat
Heat must be used to overcome H-bonds AND
increase K.E. of particles before phase change
can occur.
Water changes temperature slower than the air or
the land temperatures.
Mrs. Loyd 
cschmittloyd@waukeeschools.org
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Bodies are made of
lots of water.
Land breeze/sea
breeze.
Lake effect
moderates air
temperature.
Aquatic
Ocean surface (photic zone)
stays cooler benefitting
photosynthetic organisms; the
base of the aquatic food chain.
Water striders use the surface
tension of water (cohesion at the
surface) to "walk" on it. This
gives them their habitat.
A layer of ice on a pond insulates
the water below and keeps it
from freezing solid. Fish and
aquatic plants can survive the
winter.
Water moves salts to the ocean
creating a diversity of aquatic
environments: fresh water,
estuary, & marine.
Earth's surface is ¾ water.
Global temp. Moderation
between night and day, winter
and summer.
Ocean temp fairly constant,
creates a stable environment for
marine life.
7/12/16
http://loydbiology.weebly.com