Unit 5, Chapter 16 Reading Guide: The Industrial Revolution
Use page 385 to label the progression of industrialization in Europe during the 1800s.
Why Britain? (p. 378-380)
1.
What is the simple definition for the Industrial Revolution? ____________________________________________________
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2.
Previous to the Industrial Revolution, where did most energy come from? ________________________________________
3.
Explain the change brought about by technological innovation during the Industrial Revolution: _______________________
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4.
Explain the change brought about by organizational changes during the Industrial Revolution: _______________________
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Explain the seven reasons why the Industrial Revolution began in Britain (p.379-380)
Well-Developed Middle Class and Capitalist Structure
Agricultural Improvements
Population Increase
Transportation
Stable Government
Early Inventiveness
Raw Materials
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Early Technological Innovations (p. 380-383)
5. Explain the primary differences between Josiah Wedgewood’s porcelain and Chinese/Korean porcelain: _______
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6. Explain the effect of new industrial inventions on cotton and textile production: __________________________
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7. What was the most important invention of the Industrial Revolution? ___________________________________
8. Explain the uses/importance of the steam engine. __________________________________________________
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9. What was the relevance of the electric telegraph? __________________________________________________
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The Factory System and the Evolution of Big Business (p. 383-384)
10. Explain how the factory system differed from previous manufacturing methods. __________________________
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11. What effect did the evolution of Big Business have on economic equality? _______________________________
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12. What effect did industrialization have on skilled artisans? ___________________________________________
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13. Describe the working conditions that workers faced in new industrial factories. __________________________
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Explain the changes brought on by the following factors.
Change
Positive Effects
Negative Effects
Factory System
Corporations
Technological Innovation
The Spread of the Industrial Revolution (p. 384-386)
14. By the mid-1800s, which nations had embraced industrialization? ______________________________________
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15. How did the U.S. Government protect American industry? ____________________________________________
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16. Why was the northeast of the United States an ideal place for industrialization to occur? ___________________
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17. What two nations adopted industrialization after 1870? ______________________________________________
18. What enormous project did the Russian government undertake? Why? _________________________________
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Social Effects of Early Industrialization (p. 386-389)
19. What was the general population movement like during the Industrial Revolution? ________________________
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20. Why was there such a general population movement? _______________________________________________
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21. What were the conditions like in the new industrial neighborhoods of the time? __________________________
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22. What positive effect did industrialization have on the environment of Western Europe? ____________________
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23. What negative impact did industrialization have on the environment of the American South? ________________
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Explain the changes that occurred in social class for each of the following classes
Nobility
Middle-Class
Lower Class
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24. Write a 3-5 line paragraph explaining the changes that industrialization brought to family life for the
working/lower classes: ________________________________________________________________________
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25. Write a 3-5 line paragraph explaining the changes that industrialization brought to family life for the middleclass/wealthy classes: ________________________________________________________________________
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26. What is the major demographic change occurring during the Industrial Revolution? ________________________
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27. What brought about the major demographic changes? ______________________________________________
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28. What was the general idea behind Adam Smith’s work The Wealth of Nations? ___________________________
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29. What is the general idea behind emerging socialist movements?
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30. What was Karl Marx’s primary argument? _________________________________________________________
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31. What was the goal of the emerging labor union movements? __________________________________________
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Industrial Revolution Vocabulary (p. 378-393)
32. Bourgeoisie-
33. Break-of-Bulk
34. The Communist Manifesto
35. Corporations
36. Cult of domesticity
37. Demographic transition
38. Electric telegraph
39. Enclosure movement
40. Samuel Gompers
41. Industrial Revolution
42. Interchangeable parts
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43. Laissez-faire
44. Karl Marx
45. Mass production
46. Monopolies
47. Proletariat
48. Adam Smith
49. Socialism
50. Steam engine
51. Utopian socialism
52. James Watt
53. The Wealth of Nations
54. Josiah Wedgewood
55. Eli Whitney
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Consider the political cartoon above. What is the artist trying to suggest? What effect does industrialization seem to
have on the young woman’s political freedoms? What does the author seem to want to happen? Based on the new
ideals that emerge during the Industrial Revolution, which do you think the author is most likely to side with?
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